????? ??? ???????
??
??????? ???????
?? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???
????? ?????????
. ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????
????? ???????
?? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????.
[1]
[2]
??????? ?????
??? ????? ????
??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????.
??????? ?????
??????? ????????
???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????.
???????
[
???
]
???? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ? ?? ???? ???????
???? ???? ≪???≫ ?? ????? ≪??????? ???????≫ ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ≪
????
≫.
[3]
???? ????? ≪?????≫ ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????
???? ???? ??????
(?? ????). ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????- ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????. ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????. ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??. ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ????.
[3]
?????? ??? ???????? ??
???????? ???????
????? ≪????? ??????≫ ????? ?? ≪??????? ???????≫.
[4]
:229
[5]
[6]
[7]
??????? ?????
??? ????? ????
(?? ??????? ???????) ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????
[8]
???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????
???????
.
[9]
?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????
?????????
???????? ?????????.
[3]
???????
[
???
]
?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????
????????? ????????
????? ??. ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?????. ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???????.
[3]
??????? ?????????
[
???
]
????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????.
[3]
???? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????
????????? ??????
? ????????. ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????.
[3]
????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????
??????? ????????
.
[3]
??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????.
??????? ????????
[
???
]
????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????. ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????. ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????.
[3]
??????? ??????????
[
???
]
?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????. ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????
??????? ??????
? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???
????? ???????
?????? ???????
? ?????? ????/????? ?? ????/??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????.
[3]
??????? ???????
[
???
]
?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???????. ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????????.
[3]
????????? ???????
[
???
]
???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????
??????? ???????
???????? ????????? ???????
. ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????.
[3]
???????????
[
???
]
????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????.
[10]
?????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????
????? ????
? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? -????? ?????? ???????- ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????.
[11]
??????
???????????
????? ??????? ?? ???????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????.
[3]
[12]
????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????.
[3]
????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ≪?????≫ ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????.
[13]
???????? ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ???????.
[3]
??? ???????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????.
[14]
???? ?????
[
???
]
?????
[
???
]
- ^
The World Bank. 2012. "Gender Equality and Development: World Development Report 2012." Washington, D.C: The World Bank.
- ^
Nussbaum, Martha C. 2003. "Women's Education: A Global Challenge." "Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society" 29(2): 325?355
- ^
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Cohen, David S. 2010. "The Stubborn Persistence of Sex Segregation."
Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
forthcoming 2010
- ^
Carter? W. Burlette (2018).
"Sexism in the 'Bathroom Debates': How Bathrooms Really Became Separated By Sex"
.
Yale Law & Policy Review
. ?. 37 ?. 1: 227?297.
SSRN
:
3311184
. ????? ??
?????
?? 2020-01-25.
- ^
Kogan? Terry (2010).
"7 Sex Separation"
. ?? Molotch? Harvey (??????).
Toilet
. NYU Press.
- ^
Kogan? Terry (2007).
"Sex-Separation in Public Restrooms: Law, Architecture, and Gender"
.
Michigan Journal of Gender and Law
. ?. 14: 1?57. ????? ??
?????
?? 2018-06-15.
- ^
Robert B. Barnet (1970)
The Constitutionality of Sex Separation in School Desegregation Plans
, volume 37, Chicago L Review, p. 296
???? ??????
2019-11-03 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.
- ^
Bates? Stephen (25 ?????? 2001).
"Women clergy accuse Church of sexual apartheid"
.
The Guardian
. London: Guardian Unlimited. ????? ??
?????
?? 2020-06-16
. ???? ???? ??????
2010-05-23
.
- ^
Otto D (1996).
"Holding Up half the Sky, But For Whose Benefit: A Critical Analysis of the Fourth World Conference on Women"
.
Austl Feminist LJ
. ?. 7. ????? ??
?????
?? 2016-03-05.
- ^
Barnett, Randy E. 1998. "The Structure of Liberty: Justice and the Rule of Law".
- ^
Posner, Richard. 1989. "Conservative Feminism". University of Chicago Legal F.
- ^
Epstein, Richard A. 1999. "Liberty, Patriarchy, and Feminism." University of Chicago Legal F (89).
- ^
Bernstein, David E. 1999. "Sex Discrimination Laws Versus Civil Liberties" University of Chicago Legal F (133).
- ^
Warnick, Ashlie. 2003. "Women: Freedom and Feminism in the Twenty-First Century." edited by Wendy McElroy.
|
|---|
| ?????
| |
|---|
| ???????
| |
|---|
| ????? ????
| |
|---|
| ?????? ?????/
?????
| |
|---|
| ???????
| |
|---|
| ?????? ?????
| |
|---|
| ???????? ???????
| |
|---|
| ?????? ??????
| |
|---|
|