한국   대만   중국   일본 
???? ??????? - ????????? ????? ??? ???????

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??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ? ????????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ????:

  • ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????.
  • ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???????.
  • ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????.

? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???????". [1] ?? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????... [2]

??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????????. [3]

?????? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? LAN ???????? ????? (Local Area Network) ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???:

  1. ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? # ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? WLAN ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????.

??????: ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ?? (Wide Area Network (WAN ?(Wireless LAN (WLAN ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???.

  1. ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????.

?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? (Wireless LAN) ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????.

????? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

??????? ??????? ????????? (WLAN) ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??(??? ???) ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? 2004 ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? (WLAN \wireless local area network) ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? (radio frequency/RF) ???? ?? ??????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? 2005 ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????:

????? ???? ??????

1.?????? ?????? ????????? (wireless computer cards) ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??. ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?????.

???? ???? ???? ??????

2.???? ?????? (access point) ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????. ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????.

??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? (WLAN) ????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? "????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?? 20 ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????? Universal Mobile Telecommunications System ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ????? WLAN ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? UMTS ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????. ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? (Wired) ?????????? (Wireless LAN) ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????.

????? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

????? PAN ( ???? ??????? ??????? ) [ ??? ]

  • ????? ??????? ??????? (Wireless Personal Area Network) ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ????? ??? ????? ??? ZigBee ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???????. [2]

????? WLAN [ ??? ]

  • ????? ??????? ??????? (Wireless Local Area Network) ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????. ???? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????. ???? ??????? LAN ????? ??? ??????? IEEE 802.11 ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???????? 2.4, 3.6 ? 5 GHz ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ????????. ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? ??? WAN ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ????? 10 ??? ???? 10000 ?????? ??? ????? Mbps. ??????? ??????? ??????? - ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? .
  • ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? IEEE 802.11 ?? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????. ??? Wi-Fi ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????.
  • ????? ??????? ?????? (Fixed Wireless Data): ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? (Line of Sight) ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????.

????? MAN [ ??? ]

  • ????? ??????? ??????? (Metropolitan Area Network) ???? ???? ??? ????? LAN ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ( ??????????? : Network Wireless )? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???????? (ISP).
  • WiMAX ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? IEEE 802.16d ? IEEE 802.16e ????????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? .

???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????

  1. ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? LAN. ?????? ?? ??? MAN ???? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? 5 ??? 50 ???????.
  2. ??? MAN ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? WAN.
  1. ^ "Overview of Wireless Communications" . cambridge.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-02-08 .
  2. ^ ? ? "Wireless Network Industry Report" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-03-06 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-07-08 .
  3. ^ www.bing.com https://www.bing.com/ck/a?!&&p=fbba0abc318cb275JmltdHM9MTcxNjk0MDgwMCZpZ3VpZD0yODEwYjI4Ny01MjM0LTZjNjctMTYzOC1hNjA5NTM2MTZkNGUmaW5zaWQ9NTQ5Nw&ptn=3&ver=2&hsh=3&fclid=2810b287-5234-6c67-1638-a60953616d4e&psq=%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81+%D9%84%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9&u=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&ntb=1 . ???? ???? ?????? 2024-05-29 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ?????? |title= ??? ????? ?? ???? ( ?????? )

=== ????? ??????? ??????? ===

  • ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? PCS: ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????????. 
??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????:
  • ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? (Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM: ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????. ????? ?? 3 ????? ??????: ?????? ??????? (Base Station System), ???? ???????? ????????? (Operation and Support System) ????? ??????? (Switching System). ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????, ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ??? GSM ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? %80 ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??????. [1]
  • ???? ????????? ??????? Personal Communications Service

????????? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

  • ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????:
  1. ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
  2. ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????.
  3. ????????? ??????? - ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? - ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????.
  4. ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.
  5. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? . [2]

???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

  • ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????:
  1. ???????: ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????.
  2. ????? ?????????: ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????.
  3. ???????: ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??(??????? ?????? ?? ? ???? ......???) ???? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????
  4. ???? ???????: ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????.
  5. ???????: ????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????.
  6. ???????: ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? PCI????????? ???? 100 ???? ??? 2000 ??? ????? 2004 ????? ???? 30 ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????.
  • ??? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????:
  1. ?????? ???????: ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????.
  2. ?? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? Ethernet.
  3. ??????? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????. ?? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? (Wired Equivalent Privacy (WAP ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? (Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????.

????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

  • ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????. [3] ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????? Lakehead ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???????. [4]

?????????? IEEE 802.11 [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ? ? ?? ?? ?? 802.11

?????? ??????? ????????? IEEE 802.11 [ ??? ]

1. ?????? ??????????: ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????:

??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????.

2. ???? MAC: ???? ?????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????: . ????? ??????? ?????? Distributed Coordination Function . ????? ??????? ?????? Point Coordination Function ??????: ?? ??? MAC Layer ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??????.

???? ?????????? 802.11 [ ??? ]

??? ?? ????? ????? ????????? 802.11 ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????802.11.b ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? CSMA/CA ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? 802.11.a ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?? 25 ??? 54 ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? 50 ???.

??? ??? ????? ??? 802.11.b.b ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? 100 ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ?? 6.5 ??? 11 ???? ???? ???.

???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????????? ???? ???? ?????????? 802.11.g ????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? 100 ??? ????? ??? ???????? 25 ??? 54 ???? ????.

????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? 802.11.n ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? 802.11.s? ?802.11.k ?????? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???

?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ "Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)" . iec.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-02-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-02-08 .
  2. ^ "History of Wireless" . jhsph.edu. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-05-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-02-08 .
  3. ^ "Wi-Fi: Children at risk from 'electronic smog' " . news.independent.co.uk. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-10-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-02-08 .
  4. ^ "Canadian university says no to WiFi over health concerns" . arstechnica.com. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2008-09-07 . ???? ???? ?????? 2008-02-08 .

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? [ ??? ]

?????? ????????

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ?? ≪ https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=????_???????&oldid=67009067 ≫