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?????? ???????? 855 - 946 ?? / 1454 - 1539 ? ? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ^[1]^[2]^[3] ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ???. ^[4]^[5] ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ???: ???? ?????? ?????????? ^[6]^[7] ????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????. ^[6]^[7]

????? [ ??? ]

??? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????. ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? 1454 . ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 1504 ? ????? ???? ??????? ≪ ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ≫? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? . ^[8] ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??????? .

??? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ^[9]? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? 870 ?? / 1466?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????. ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? 883 ??/ 1478 ? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????- ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???. ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????. ^[9]

???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? 897 ?? / 1491 ? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 910 ?? / 1504 ? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ^[9]? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ^[9] ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ????? . ^[9]

???? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ? ^[10] ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??????. ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ??? 1513 ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????????. ^[11] ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????????. ^[11] ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????. ^[12] ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ??? 1517 ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????. ^[13]

?? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? . ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ^[14] ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ??? ?????. ^[15] ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ??? 1539 ????? ???? ??? ??????????.

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?	??????	??? ????? ??????	??? ????? ????????
1	?????? ???? ?? ????	858 - 870 ??	1454 - 1466 ?
2	??????? ??? ?? ????	870 - 883 ??	1466 - 1479 ?
3	??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????	883 - 894 ??	1479 - 1489 ?
4	?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????	894 - 923 ??	1489 - 1517 ?
5	???? ?? ????? ???????	923 - 946 ??	1517 - 1539 ?

????? [ ??? ]

^ [?] ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? 858??
[?] ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????
[??] ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????
[?] ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????
[??] ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???????
^ [?] ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
[?] ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????
[??] ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???
[?] ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????
[??] ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????
^ [?] ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????
[?] ???? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????
[??] ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????
[?] ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ?????
[??] ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????
^ ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? - ??????? ???? ???????- ????? 2 - ?????? 1615
^ ??????????? ?? ????? ???????
^ ^? ^? ??????? ???? (3 ???? 2018). ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? . ???????? ?????. ISBN : 978-9960-20-380-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-07-27.
^ ^? ^? ? ? ????????? (1 ???? 2017). ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? . burujbooks. ISBN : 978-977-6631-16-8 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-07-27.
^ The Madrasa Amiriya of Rada UNISCO world Heritage center last retrieved 23 June 2013 ???? ?????? 2017-12-14 ?? Wayback Machine
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? ^? [1] ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? 2019-01-15 ?? Wayback Machine
^ Venetia Aim Porter, The History and Monuments of the Tahirid dynasty of the Yemen 858-923/1454-1517 p.1
^ ^? ^? Halil ?nalcık, Donald Quataert (1994). An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1914. Cambridge University Press. p. 320. ISBN 0-521-34315-1 .
^ Steven C. Caton Yemen p.51 ABC-CLIO, 2013 ISBN 1-59884-928-X
^ R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, San'a'; An Arabian Islamic City. London 1983, p. 69
^ Halil ?nalcık, Donald Quataertn An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1914 p.326 Cambridge University Press, 1994 ISBN 0521343151
^ Mu?ammad ibn A?mad Nahraw?l? (2002). Lightning Over Yemen: A History of the Ottoman Campaign in Yemen, 1569-71. OI.B.Tauris. p. 2. ISBN 1-86064-836-3 .

[2] ???????? ???????? ???????

[1] [?] ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? 858??
[?] ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????
[??] ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ?????
[?] ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????
[??] ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ???????

[2] [?] ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ???
[?] ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????
[??] ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???
[?] ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????
[??] ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????

[3] [?] ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?????
[?] ???? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????
[??] ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????
[?] ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ?????
[??] ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????

[4] ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? - ??????? ???? ???????- ????? 2 - ?????? 1615

[5] ??????????? ?? ????? ???????

[مولد_تلقائيا1-6] ? ^? ??????? ???? (3 ???? 2018). ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? . ???????? ?????. ISBN : 978-9960-20-380-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-07-27.

[مولد_تلقائيا2-7] ? ^? ? ? ????????? (1 ???? 2017). ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? . burujbooks. ISBN : 978-977-6631-16-8 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-07-27.

[8] The Madrasa Amiriya of Rada UNISCO world Heritage center last retrieved 23 June 2013 ???? ?????? 2017-12-14 ?? Wayback Machine

[:0-9] ? ^? ^? ^? ^? [1] ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? 2019-01-15 ?? Wayback Machine

[10] Venetia Aim Porter, The History and Monuments of the Tahirid dynasty of the Yemen 858-923/1454-1517 p.1

[Donald_Quataert_1994_p._320-11] ? ^? Halil ?nalcık, Donald Quataert (1994). An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1914. Cambridge University Press. p. 320. ISBN 0-521-34315-1 .

[Steven_C_p.51-12] Steven C. Caton Yemen p.51 ABC-CLIO, 2013 ISBN 1-59884-928-X

[R.B._Serjeant_1983,_p._69-13] R.B. Serjeant & R. Lewcock, San'a'; An Arabian Islamic City. London 1983, p. 69

[Donald_Quataertn_p.326-14] Halil ?nalcık, Donald Quataertn An Economic and Social History of the Ottoman Empire, 1300-1914 p.326 Cambridge University Press, 1994 ISBN 0521343151

[Aḥmad_Nahrawālī_2002_p._2-15] Mu?ammad ibn A?mad Nahraw?l? (2002). Lightning Over Yemen: A History of the Ottoman Campaign in Yemen, 1569-71. OI.B.Tauris. p. 2. ISBN 1-86064-836-3 .

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