??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????

??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???? (?????) ?? ??? ?????. ^[1] ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? . ?? ????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????. ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? . ^[2] ?? ???? ?? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ≪??????? ?????? ??? ????≫? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????. ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? .

???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? (?????? ????? ????????) ????? (?????? ???????? ???????). ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?????????? . ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ?? ???????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ^[3] ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ≪??????≫ ?≪?????????≫ ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????????? ??? ???????. ^[4] ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ≪????? ?????≫ ??? ????????? ???????? (?????? ?? ??????????) ?? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ^[5] ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????????? ? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????. ????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????.

?? ????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????. ?? ?????? ?? ????? 10500 ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????????. ^[6]

??? ???? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????.

????? ????????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? VNV ????? DeVlag ?? ???????? ??? ???? Rexist ?? ??????? . ^[7] ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ^[8]

??????? [ ??? ]

??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ?? ??? 1944? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????????. ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ??? 1945. ^[9]

?????? ?????????? ????????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ^[10] ???????? ????? ????? (??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????) ??????. ^[11] ???????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? 2007-2009? ??? ??? ????? 30 ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????.

?? ?????/?????? 2009? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? 15 ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ^[11] ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????. ^[12] ^[13] ????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????.

?????? ???? [ ??? ]

??????? [ ??? ]

^ "Collaborationism" , The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition ???? ?????? 12 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "Collaboration," Holocaust Encyclopedia, , accessed 3 May 2019
^ Stanley Hoffmann. 'Collaborationism in France during World War II." The Journal of Modern History , Vol. 40, No. 3 (Sep., 1968), pp. 375?395
^ Bertram N. Gordon, Collaborationism in France during the Second World War (Cornell University Press, 1980)
^ Ward, James Mace (May 2008), "Legitimate Collaboration: The Administration of Santo Tomas Internment Camp and its Histories, 1942-2003," Pacific Historical Review, Vol 77, No. 2, p. 159, 195-200. Downloaded from ??????? .
^ Jackson, Julian (2003), France: The Dark Years, 1940?1944, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 577
^ Eddy de Bruyne and Marc Rikmenspoel, For Rex and for Belgium (2004)
^ Gerhard Hirschfeld Nazi Rule and Dutch Collaboration: The Netherlands under German Occupation, 1940?45 , Berg Publishers (1992). Transl. by Louise Wilmot
^ Rempel? Gerhard (1989). Hitler's Children: The Hitler Youth and the SS . UNC Press. ?. 244 ?245. ISBN : 0-8078-4299-0 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-03-08.
^ "Woman Convicted as Israeli Abettor" . EXPRESS.co.uk. 15 ????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-06-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-02 .
^ ^? ^? "Palestinian boy 'hanged for collaboration' " . BBC News . 12 ????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-08-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-04-30 .
^ Khaled Abu Toameh, Palestinian family kills 15-yr-old son ^{[
???? ??????
]}, Jerusalem Post 11-06-2009 ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Palestinian teen killed by his family , United Press International 12-06-2009 ???? ?????? 2 ???? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

??????? [ ??? ]

Kitson, Simon (2008), ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????: ????? ????? ??????. (????? ?? ????????? Vichy et la chasse aux espions nazis ? Paris ? Autrement ? 2005.)
Littlejohn, David (1972), ?????? ????????: ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? 1940-1945? ????: ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? Littlejohn, David (1972),
Sweets, John F (September 1997), "Review: La France a l'heure Allemande, 1940?1944", The Journal of Modern History ? University of Chicago Press ? 69 (3): 611?613? doi : 10.1086 / 245567
Webster, Paul (1999), ????? ?????: ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?? ??? ???? Webster, Paul (1999),

??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? :

??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????.

????? ???????

[1] "Collaborationism" , The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition ???? ?????? 12 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[2] "Collaboration," Holocaust Encyclopedia, , accessed 3 May 2019

[Hoffmann-3] Stanley Hoffmann. 'Collaborationism in France during World War II." The Journal of Modern History , Vol. 40, No. 3 (Sep., 1968), pp. 375?395

[4] Bertram N. Gordon, Collaborationism in France during the Second World War (Cornell University Press, 1980)

[5] Ward, James Mace (May 2008), "Legitimate Collaboration: The Administration of Santo Tomas Internment Camp and its Histories, 1942-2003," Pacific Historical Review, Vol 77, No. 2, p. 159, 195-200. Downloaded from ??????? .

[6] Jackson, Julian (2003), France: The Dark Years, 1940?1944, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 577

[7] Eddy de Bruyne and Marc Rikmenspoel, For Rex and for Belgium (2004)

[8] Gerhard Hirschfeld Nazi Rule and Dutch Collaboration: The Netherlands under German Occupation, 1940?45 , Berg Publishers (1992). Transl. by Louise Wilmot

[rempel-9] Rempel? Gerhard (1989). Hitler's Children: The Hitler Youth and the SS . UNC Press. ?. 244 ?245. ISBN : 0-8078-4299-0 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2021-03-08.

[pa-10] "Woman Convicted as Israeli Abettor" . EXPRESS.co.uk. 15 ????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-06-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-02 .

[bbc-11] ? ^? "Palestinian boy 'hanged for collaboration' " . BBC News . 12 ????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-08-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-04-30 .

[toameh-12] Khaled Abu Toameh, Palestinian family kills 15-yr-old son ^{[
???? ??????
]}, Jerusalem Post 11-06-2009 ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[upi-13] Palestinian teen killed by his family , United Press International 12-06-2009 ???? ?????? 2 ???? 2019 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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