?????????? ????????? 2017-2019

هذه المقالة يتيمة. ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالة متعلقة بها
?? ?????????? ???????? ?????

???? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? 2017 ?2019. ?? ????? 2017? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? (???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ). [1] ?? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? (?????? ????)? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ??? 1989? ?????? ???? ≪???? ?????≫. [2] [3]

??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? 31 ?????. ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. [4] [5]

??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? 37 ??? ??? ?? ??? ??????. ?? ????? ??????? ?? 1 ??????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? 300,000 ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? [6] ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? 5 ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? 500,000 ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? 1989 ???????? ???????? ?????????? . [7] [8] ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? (???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??????)? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????. [9] [10] [11] ??? ???? ??? 2017? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? 20 ????? 2018? ????? ??? ?? ??? 50,000 ??? 100,000 ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? 10 ????? 2018? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ≪?????? ?? ?????≫ ?? ???????. ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2018 ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? 2017-2018 ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???????. [12] [13]

??? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 2017 ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???. [14]

????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? 18 ????? 2017? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?????? 87 ?? ????? ???????. [15] ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ???? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????. ???? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ???????. [16]

??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????. ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????. [17]

???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? (??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????) ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????. [18]

???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????????. [17]

???????? [ ??? ]

????? 2017 [ ??? ]

??? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ???????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????. ?? 18 ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????. ???? ??? 5,000 ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ?? 4,000 ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????. ????? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????????. [19] [20]

??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? 30 ??? ??? ?? 22 ????? ?? ??????? . ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ≪????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????... ?????????? ?????? ????≫. [21] ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????????. ???? ???? ?? 5,000 ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?4,000 ?????? ??? ?? ????????? (?? ???? ???????). ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ? ?????? ? ????? ? ????????? . [17] [22]

???? ???? ???? ≪???? ?????? ??? ??????≫? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? 29 ?????. ??? ???? ?? 50 ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ??????: ??? ??? 10,000 ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??????. ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? 90 ??? ??? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? 24. ?? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ?????? ? ????? ? ????? ? ????????? . [23] [24]

??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????? 31 ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????? ??? ???????. ??? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????? ???? 2017? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ??????. ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??? 30 ?????. [25] [26]

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ Carmen Paun (22 ????? 2017). "Romanians protest government plan to commute sentences" . Politico . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-05-11.
  2. ^ Ilie? Luiza (10 ?????? 2017). " 'We see you' - Romanian activists become potent political force" . Reuters . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-04-10.
  3. ^ "New anti-corruption protest announced for January 20 in Bucharest" . 18 ????? 2018. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  4. ^ de Costin Ionescu (31 ????? 2017). "Romanian government secretly adopts emergency ordinances critics say undermine fight against corruption" . HotNews.ro . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-04-30.
  5. ^ "New anti-corruption protest announced for January 20 in Bucharest" . 22 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  6. ^ "Nucleara din justitie. Lista potentialilor beneficiari ai dezincriminarii mascate a abuzului in serviciu" . HotNewsRo (??????????). Archived from the original on 2023-05-11 . Retrieved 2017-02-02 .
  7. ^ ( http://www.dw.com)? Deutsche Welle. "Mass protests in Romania: Stop corruption! ? DW ? 21.01.2018" . DW.COM . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-10-04.
  8. ^ "Tens of thousands protest against corruption in Romania" . The Guardian . Associated Press; Reuters. 21 ????? 2018. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-11-15.
  9. ^ Gillet? Kit (10 ????? 2018). "Violence Erupts as Tens of Thousands Protest Corruption in Romania" . The New York Times .
  10. ^ "Romanian expats stage huge anti-govt protest in Bucharest" . apnews.com . 10 ????? 2018. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  11. ^ Jennifer Hauser? Laura Smith-Spark. "Anti-government protesters and police clash in Romania" . cnn.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  12. ^ George Sirbu (8 ?????? 2017). "Iordache si-a dat demisia din functia de ministru al Justitiei: Toate initiativele asumate sunt legale si constitutionale / Pentru opinia publica nu a fost suficient" . HotNews . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  13. ^ "Romanians in fresh protests after clashes" . BBC News . 11 ????? 2018. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  14. ^ Marinas? Radu-Sorin (5 ?????? 2017). "Romania scraps decree decriminalizing graft as mass protests persist" . reuters.com . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  15. ^ "Miscare ? surpriza a lui Iohannis: a venit pe nepregatite si a condus sedinta de Guvern in care urma sa se adopte gratierea si dezincriminarea unor infractiuni. Iohannis a anuntat ca Guvernul nu adopta azi ordonantele de urgenta" . HotNews . 18 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  16. ^ "Moment inedit la sedinta de guvern: Klaus Iohannis nu a lasat presa sa iasa din sala pana nu a vorbit despre "cei doi elefanti de care nu vrea sa vorbeasca nimeni" " . HotNews . 18 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  17. ^ ? ? ? "Thousands march against prison pardons in Romania" . Guardian . Associated Press. 22 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  18. ^ "Guvernul Grindeanu, izolat. Cum a reac?ionat pan? acum sistemul judiciar" . Digi24 . 20 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  19. ^ "Romania: Protests against proposal to pardon prisoners" . Al Jazeera . 18 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-11-07.
  20. ^ "Protests erupt over Romanian govt's plan to pardon thousands" . ??????? ??? . 18 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  21. ^ ?tefan Both (22 ????? 2017). "UPDATE Aproximativ 5.000 de oameni au m?r??luit pe str?zile Timi?oarei: "Dragnea, nu uita, asta nu e ?ara ta" " . Adev?rul . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
  22. ^ "Proteste de amploare impotriva amnistiei si gratierii si in numeroase orase din tara: Peste 5.000 de manifestanti la Cluj, 3.000 la Timi?oara si Sibiu, 2.000 la Iasi ? "Dragnea, sa ajungi imbracat in dungi" " . HotNews . 22 ????? 2017. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-18.
  23. ^ "Protestele romanilor din str?in?tate" . Digi24 (??????????). 29 Jan 2017. Archived from the original on 2023-09-17.
  24. ^ "Diaspora se REVOLT?: Sute de oameni au protestat la Bruxelles ?i Paris (VIDEO)" . B1.ro (??????????). 29 Jan 2017. Archived from the original on 2023-09-17.
  25. ^ Victor Cozmei (31 ????? 2017). "Protest spontan in Piata Victoriei, in miez de noapte: Circa 15.000 de oameni au iesit in strada. Situatia a fost foarte tensionata. Jandarmii au dat cu spray lacrimogen la una dintre intrari. Cele 2 ordonante, publicate in Monitorul Oficial" . HotNews . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-18.
  26. ^ I. Baias? A. Lazurca (31 ????? 2017). "Proteste in tara: Mii de oameni au iesit in strada in Cluj, Sibiu, Timi?oara, Brasov, Iasi, Constanta, Ploiesti, Craiova, Orade" . HotNews . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2023-09-17.
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