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???? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ?? 11 ?????? 1964 ? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????.

?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? 1990 ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????. ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? 2004 ? ???? ???? ???? ? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2007?.

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???? ????? ????? ?? ????? 1878 ? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? 1882 ? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.

  • ??? 28 ?????? 1962 ? ??? ???? ???? 26 ?????? ?????? ???? ????? (??????) ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ????????.

?? ???? ????? : ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ????? 1900 ? ??? ???? (????? ??? ?????????)? ?????? ??????????? ??? ????? 78 ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? (???? ???????) ? (??? ?????) ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ????? 1946?.

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  • ???? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? 1946 ? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??????? (??????) ?????? 1.15 ???? ???? ??? ????? 1948 ? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????
  • ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? 26 ?????? ?? 1962 ? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????.

????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ????? 1954 ? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? (BBC) ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????????.

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  • ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? 1964 ? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? 11 ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ??8 ????1981 ? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??????
  • ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? 1975 ? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??24 ?????? 1975 ? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????.
  • ???? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? 1990 ? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??20 ?????? 1995 ? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? (???????702) ?????? ???? ???????? ??15 ?????? 1996 ? ??? ????? (?????? A2) ????????? ?? 6 ???? 2003 ? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? (??????A2).
  • ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? (??????) ?? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? /2008 ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????.

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??? 11 ???? 2009 ? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???????. [11] ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????????.

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????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1878 ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? [12] ???? 89 ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? 30 ????? ?????? ? 50 ?????? [1] ???? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? [1] ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????. ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? [1] [2] ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? (???????? ?????? ) [3] ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? [4] ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? 2009 ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? [5] [6] ??? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? [7] ?????? ???????? [8]

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???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? . ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? (42) ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? [14] ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? 

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  1. ^ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? library of congress ???? ?????? 23 ???? 2020 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  2. ^ ? ? ? Web surfers suffer from internet monopoly | Yemen Times ???? ?????? 05 ???? 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  3. ^ ? ? Freddom Index ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-06-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-08-23 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
  4. ^ ? ? ? The Guardian ???? ?????? 26 ????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  5. ^ ? ? ? Free Abdulelah Shaye The Nation ???? ?????? 21 ?????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  6. ^ ? ? ? ? and Why ? Obama Kept a Jailed Yemeni Journalist From Being Pardoned ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  7. ^ ? ? ? of missile and cluster munitions point to US role in fatal attack in Yemen ???? ?????? 15 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  8. ^ ? ? ? WikiLeaks: U.S. bombs Yemen in secret ???? ?????? 18 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  9. ^ ?????: ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? 15 ????/???? 2009? ???? ?????? 05 ?????? 2012 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  10. ^ ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????? 8 ?????/???? 2009? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? 8 ?????/???? 2009. ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  11. ^ ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?. ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?????? 19 ?????/???? 2009. ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????/?????? ?? ???? ?????/????. ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  12. ^ ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? (1-2) -??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? 29 ????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  13. ^ Freddom Index ???? ?????? 10 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-06-10 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-08-24 . {{ ??????? ??? }} : ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
  14. ^ ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? 23 ????? 2018 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
  15. ^ ? ? Ten private TV channels compete for the Yemeni Public’s attention | Yemen Times ???? ?????? 19 ?????? 2014 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
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