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Newcastle Upon Tyne

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????????? ?????? ???? ( ?????? : Newcastle upon Tyne ????? ??????? ), ????? ???????? ??? ???????? , ??? ? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? , 13.7 ??? ????? ???? ?? . ????? 16?? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ? ??????? ???? .

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??????? ??? ?? ???????? ????:

??????? , ???????????? ?????? , (1977) ^[1] ????? , ?????????? (1968) ^[2]^[3] ?????????? , ????????? (1948) ^[4] ????????? , ???????? ^[5] ???? , ????? , ^[6]	????? , ????????? (1954) ^[7]^[8] ??????? , ?????????? , ^[9] ?????????? , ?????????? ^{[???? ????????]}

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↑ 2003 Annual Report . Atlanta Sister Cities Commission. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.
↑ Bergen, Norway . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.
↑ NRK (13 November 2013), "Prime Minister cuts Christmas tree for Newcastle" , The Norway Post , archived from the original on 11 October 2016 , https://web.archive.org/web/20161011185717/http://www.norwaypost.no/news-politics/29184-prime-minister-cuts-christmas-tree-for-newcastle , ????????? 8 October 2016
↑ Gelsenkirchen and Newcastle celebrate 60 years as sister cities . German Consulate General Edinburgh. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.
↑ City Twinning ? Newcastle upon Tyne . Gemeente Groningen. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.
↑ Haifa, Israel . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? ‏18?? ???? 2010.
↑ Nancy, France . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? ‏18?? ???? 2010.
↑ British towns twinned with French towns [via WaybackMachine.com ]. Archant Community Media Ltd . ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? 5 July 2013. ????????? ??? 20 July 2013.
↑ Newcastle, Australia . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.

??? ?????? ????? ? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ????. ???? ?????? ??? ???????????? .

[1] 2003 Annual Report . Atlanta Sister Cities Commission. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.

[2] Bergen, Norway . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.

[BergenNewcTree-3] NRK (13 November 2013), "Prime Minister cuts Christmas tree for Newcastle" , The Norway Post , archived from the original on 11 October 2016 , https://web.archive.org/web/20161011185717/http://www.norwaypost.no/news-politics/29184-prime-minister-cuts-christmas-tree-for-newcastle , ????????? 8 October 2016

[4] Gelsenkirchen and Newcastle celebrate 60 years as sister cities . German Consulate General Edinburgh. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.

[5] City Twinning ? Newcastle upon Tyne . Gemeente Groningen. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.

[6] Haifa, Israel . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? ‏18?? ???? 2010.

[7] Nancy, France . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? ‏18?? ???? 2010.

[Archant_twinning_3-8] British towns twinned with French towns [via WaybackMachine.com ]. Archant Community Media Ltd . ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? 5 July 2013. ????????? ??? 20 July 2013.

[9] Newcastle, Australia . Newcastle City Council. ????????? ??? 18?? ???? 2010.

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