mid-14c., "musical pitch, musical sound or note," especially considered with reference to its qualities (pitch, timbre, volume, etc.); from Old French
ton
, Anglo-French
toen
"musical sound, speech, words" (13c.) and directly from Latin
tonus
"a sound, tone, accent," literally "stretching" (in Medieval Latin, a term peculiar to music). This is from Greek
tonos
"vocal pitch, raising of voice, accent, key in music," originally "a stretching, tightening, taut string," which is related to
teinein
"to stretch" (from PIE root
*ten-
"to stretch").
The sense of "manner of speaking, modulation or inflection of the voice to express feeling, etc.," is from c. 1600. Extended by 1765 to "style in speaking or writing which reveals attitude." In physiology, in reference to firmness of body, from 1660s. As "prevailing state of manners" from 1735; also compare
ton
(n.2).
By early 15c. in reference to any sound (rendering Latin
sonus
). Of colors in paintings, by 1816. By 1893 in photography as "color or shade of a finished picture," often due to chemical processes. As an electrically produced sound made by a telephone, by 1878.
Tone-deaf
is by 1880;
tone-poem
by 1845.