1610s,
Hamburger
"native of
Hamburg
." Also used of ships from Hamburg. From 1838 as a type of excellent black grape indigenous to Tyrolia; 1857 as a variety of hen.
The meat product was so called by 1880 (as
hamburg steak
); if it was named for the German city no certain connection has ever been put forth, and there may not be one unless it be that Hamburg was a major port of departure for German immigrants to United States.
Hamburg(h) beef,
by 1767, was a kind of smoked spiced beef hash, and by 1774 was also documented as
Hamburgh sausage
, a sausage to be made in "the largest gut you can find" (Hannah Glasse, "The Art of Cookery, Made Plain and Easy.")
The meaning "a sandwich consisting of a bun and a patty of grilled hamburger meat" is attested by 1909, short for
hamburger sandwich
(1902).
The shortened form
burger
is attested from 1939;
beefburger
was attempted 1940, to make the main ingredient more explicit after the
-burger
had taken on a life of its own as a food suffix (compare
cheeseburger
, attested by 1938).