Thomas Pynchon
(born May 8, 1937, Glen Cove,
Long Island
,
New York
, U.S.) is an American novelist and short-story writer whose works combine
black humour
and fantasy to depict human alienation in the
chaos
of modern society.
After earning a B.A. in English from
Cornell University
in 1958, Pynchon spent a year in
Greenwich Village
writing short stories and working on a
novel
. In 1960 he was hired as a technical writer for Boeing Aircraft Corporation in
Seattle
, Washington. Two years later he decided to leave the company and write full-time. In 1963 Pynchon won the Faulkner Foundation Award for his first novel,
V.
(1963), a whimsical, cynically absurd tale of a middle-aged Englishman’s search for “V.,” an
elusive
supernatural adventuress appearing in various guises at critical periods in European
history
. In his next book,
The Crying of Lot 49
(1966), Pynchon described a woman’s strange quest to discover the mysterious, conspiratorial Tristero System in a futuristic world of closed societies. The novel serves as a condemnation of modern industrialization.
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Pynchon’s
Gravity’s Rainbow
(1973) is a tour de force in 20th-century
literature
. In exploring the dilemmas of human beings in the modern world, the story, which is set in an area of post-World War II Germany called “the Zone,” centres on the wanderings of an American soldier who is one of many odd characters looking for a secret
V-2 rocket
that will supposedly break through Earth’s gravitational barrier when launched. The narrative is filled with descriptions of obsessive and paranoid fantasies, ridiculous and grotesque imagery, and
esoteric
mathematical and scientific language. For his efforts, Pynchon received the
National Book Award
, and many critics deemed
Gravity’s Rainbow
a visionary apocalyptic masterpiece. Scenes from the novel were adapted as part of the German film
Prufstand VII
(2002).
Pynchon’s next novel,
Vineland
?which begins in 1984 in California?was not published until 1990. Two vast, complex historical novels followed: in
Mason & Dixon
(1997), set in the 18th century, Pynchon took the English surveyors Charles Mason and
Jeremiah Dixon
as his subject, and
Against the Day
(2006) moves from the
World’s Columbian Exposition
of 1893 through
World War I
.
Inherent Vice
(2009; film 2014), Pynchon’s rambling take on the detective novel, returns to the
California
counterculture
milieu
of
Vineland
.
Bleeding Edge
(2013) chronicles the efforts of a fraud investigator to untangle the
nefarious
doings of a New York computer-security firm in the year leading up to the
September 11 attacks
of 2001, all the while attempting to parent her children in the wake of domestic difficulties.
Of his few short stories, most notable are “
Entropy” (1960), a neatly structured tale in which Pynchon first uses extensive technical language and scientific
metaphors
, and “
The Secret Integration” (1964), a story in which Pynchon explores small-town
bigotry
and
racism
. The collection
Slow Learner
(1984) contains “The Secret Integration.”