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?????????? ?渲???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????(????) ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????. ???þ??????, 20???? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????е??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???κп? ???? ????? ???????. ????? 20???? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??u???? ???? ????? ?????????.
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20???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????. 1930??? ?????? ?????? Lautensach?? ????? ??? ???????? ?????꿡 ???? ????????? ???? ????? ???o?? ???????? ?????????? ???? ???, ???? ?n??? S. ???????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? 2?????? ????? ??????? ?????.
?????, ?????? ??? ??u?? ???? ???þ??????? ????, ????? ?????? ?ı??? ???? ??u???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??u???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??u???? ?????? ???. ?????o??? 1915-1916, 1919-1924, 1933-1942???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? 136, 385, 103????(?? 624????)?? ????μ?, 1915~1916??(?? 68????)?? ????? 1933~1942???? ???? ?????(?? 10.3????)?? ????? ??????????? ???????.
??? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????翡 ???? ??????. ???????????????? ????? 1925?? ????? ???? 1?? ?????? 50-150??(???? 60??????)???? ?? 10?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???. S. ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ????μ? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????ε??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ???.
??? ???Ŀ??? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????????. ???? ??? 1959?? 12?? ???? ??o???? ????? ?u??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???, 1960?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????. 1962?? ??o???? ???? 1????, 1963?? ?????꿡?? ???? 1?????? ??????? ?????.(????? a??????? ???????????????? ????? ??????? ????????.)
???? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????뿡 ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????, ???? ??? ?????? ???????. ???? ???(?츮???? ???? ?? ??????, 2002)?? ?????, ??? ??????, ????? ????, ????? ??o, ??o ???? ???, ????? o??, ????, ?????? ???, ???, ????? ??o, ???, ?????? ?????뿡 ???? ???? ??????? ??????, 1981?? ?????? ???? ????? ??o ??뿡?? ??? 1?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???.
????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????븦 ??????? ????? ??u?? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????, ??????? ??u?? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ??´?.
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???? 70-80?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????, ??κ??? ????? ???þ? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????. ???, ???þ?, ????? ?????????? 1999?? ????? ???????? ??뿡 ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? u??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?層????? ??뿡 3-5?????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????.
?渲???? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ???Ŀ? ???? ????? ?????????. ???? ??? ?????????? ?????δ? ??u??(Wangging), ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????????, ???????δ? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????(Laoling) ?????? ???? ?????, ??-???????? ???þ?? ??????? ???濡?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?? ?渲?n??? ???? ?????. ????? ?????? ?? ?????? 60,100???μ? ?渲?? ??u?????? ?? 31.3%???, ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???.
1976/1977?? ????? ????? ?????? ????, ????? ????? ????? ???????, ???????δ? ???? ??? ?????? ?긲???? ??????? ?????. 1981/1982?? ?????, ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?? ?渲?? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? 1991/1992???? ?????????? ?ξ? ?? ??????? ????(??λ?) ?????????? ???????翡?? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
?????????? ????? ????? ????? ??u?? ???? ?????? ???. 1970??뿡?? ?뷫 45-50????, 1980??뿡?? 30-35????, 1990??? ????? ??? 15-20???????? ?渲???? ???? ??? ?????? ????????. 1998?? ???, ???þ?, ????? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???þ???? ?????????? ??????? 4-7?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????.
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???þ? ????????? ??? ??u???? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? 20???? ???? ?????? ???. ???? ???, 1934??? 1965?? ????? 39???? ????????? ?????????? ??????μ?, ?????? ????? ??u???? ????? ?ξ? ???? ?????1972-1973????? ???????? ??? ??u???? ????? ?? ???? ??u?????? ????????.
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?? ???? ??????? ??? : ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ????????, ??? 8-10???????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????.
?? ????????? ???? ????????(??? ??? ????) : ??? ???????? ???????? 5-6?????? ????? ???? ????μ? ?????
??????? ???漱?? ?????? ?????.
?? ?????? ??????????(???, ????? ?? ???????????? ????
????) : ?? 25-30?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????.
????? 1985?? ???翡 ??????, ????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???簡 ??ε??? ????. ?????? ???????????? ??u???? 1972?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?? 25-30???? ????????.
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1990-1991?? ??? ?????? ???翡????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??u???? ??????? ?????u?? ?????? ??? ?? 30-36??????, ?????????? ???? ?????????. ???? ????????????? ???? 5-10?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? 1972?? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???Ŀ? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??´?.
1997????? 4????? ??? ?????, ??? 20???????? ??? 44?????? ????? ?????? ?????ο? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????, ?? ???? ?????? ?? 2,233??????. ???? ????? ???? ????? 2002/2003???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????簡 ????????, ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? 28-30?????? ???????.
?????????, ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ??u???? ???? ???þ? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ?? ???????? ???? 30?? ??? ??u????? ?????, 25-40???? ?????? ???? ??u???? ??????? ???.
??????? : ??????
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