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?????? 11? ??? ??? ??Ŀ? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? o?? ??????´?. 7?? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???? ??8? ??? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ????? 10? ??? ?????, ?츮???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???츦 ?????? 12? ??? ?????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 51m?? ??????, ?? ?? ????? ???? 4???? ????? ?????? ??????. ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?n?? 8?? ??????? 9?? ?????. ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????. ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????. 

????? ????? ?????? ???? 1?, 2?, 3? ?????? ?????. ????? ????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ?α? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????, 2000?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? 1???? ???? ?????.

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??????????? ??? ??????, ???? ????? 7?????? ??? 7.6?? ???? ??????. ????? 12???? ??? ?????? 1.5???. ???? 2???? ????? ?츮???? ???????? ?????? ????μ? ?? ???? ????? ????. ??? 30??(1981~2010??) ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? 3???ε? ???? 8~9???? ????? ??????. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???.

???u?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???????. ????? ???δ? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ??찡 ????. ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????. ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????.

????? ??u?? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????????. ??? ??? ????? ??? 17m ???????, ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????. ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????.

?????? ?¾? ?????? ???? ???. ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?¾????κ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????. ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?е??? ???????. ???? ???? ?????? ?е??? ????? ?????? ???????, ???? ???? ?????? ?е??? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ?α??? ???????? ?¾??? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ???????. ????? ??? ???п??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???´?. ??? ???? ????? ??? ?α???? ?? ?? ???? ?o? ?? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??뵹??? ?????. ??? ??? ??????.

????? ??? ?μ??? ???? ???? 27?? ??????? ??????. ???? ??????? ???? ????????κ??? ???????? ????????? ????????. ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??쵵 300???? ???. ?? ???????? ?????(??翡?? ???????? ?? ????? ??) ????? 100m?? ?????? ???, ??? ?μ??? 1?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? 1.2×1020J(1J?? 1N<????>?? ?????? ??u?? 1m ???????? ?? ????? ??????)??? ??????. ??? ???νø? ????????? ?? 10?? ?? ??????. ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????. ?? ?? ??θ??? ???? ???·? ??? ???????? ??????.

????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? 9?? ??? ?μ??? ???? ???? ?o???. ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??u?? ????. ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????. ??? ????????????? ???? ??? ????? ??? 67m, ?? ?u? 240?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???.

????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?з????. ??? 44m ????? ‘??? ??(?)’, 33?44m?? ‘??’, 25?33m?? ‘??(??)’, 17?25m?? ‘??(?)’???? ??????. ??? 15m?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???. ??? 25m?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???. ??? 30m?? ????? ???? ???????? ??? 40m?? ?????? ????? ???? Ŀ??? ???????? ??????????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? 2002?? ??? ??? 50m?? ??? ????? ?????? 5??1000????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???.

?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ???κ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????. ?????????? ????????? ???? 5~25?? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???? ???. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?밳 ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????. ??????? ??????翡 ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?μ??? ????? 0.5?? ??? ?o? 6???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?þ? ??? ????? ??? ???. ??? ?ε???þ? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????.

???? ?츮???? ?????帶?? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???´?. ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?帶?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??. ??? ??ε? ?帶?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????. ?츮???? ???? ???Ŀ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? 80%?? ???. ???? ?帶, ?????帶?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???n???, ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???.