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Tdhaikovsky, Pyotr ll'yich(1840.5.7~1893.11.6) ???þ?

??? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?¡??? ?????? ?????? ??μ? ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ???. ????? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???, ????????? ????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????.

????????? ???? 19???? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???o? ???? ????? 19???????? 20???? ????? ???????? ?o??? ????? ????? ???????? ???o? ???? ????????? ???.

???þ? ?????? ???κ??? ????? ????? ?ο? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????, ?????? ??????? ????? ???.
???þ? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? a?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. ???þ? ?ο?? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???.

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????????????? 1840?? 5?? 7?? ????????? ?¾???. ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ????????δ? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?o븦 ???´?. ??? ????? ???????翡?? ???? ???? ????μ? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ????????. ?? ?????
????? ????????θ???? ?????б? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???þ?????? ??? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???,

1848(?)?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????.
1855?? ??? ???? ???? ?絹?? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????. 1863?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???. 1859?? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??????ε? ??? ???????? ??? ?????. ???ο? ??? ??? ????????θ???? ?и? ????????? ????? ?ι????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? G?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????, ?? <????? ???>?? ???????? ????????? ?θ???? ????? ?????? 4???? ?? 3???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???.

??? 1867?? <?????>?? ??????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??? ????μ? ??? ????? ?????????, ???ε?, ?????-??????????? ?????. ?????????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? <?ι???? ?????>?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????. ??? ???????? ???Ŀ? ????? ??????? ???´μ? ?? ????? <?ι???? ?????>?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ????????θ???? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?? 1 ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????. ??? ??? ???þ? ?ο信 ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????1???? ???? ???? ???????? ?뷡?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????.

???????? ???????? C?????? ??2????????? ??? ??????? ?????? op.17?? ?? ?????<????þ?>??? ????? ???? ???. 1874~1878?? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???´?. ??? ??? ??????????μ??? ?????? ???? ?o???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ?ξ? ??￥??￥ ??????? ???? ???. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??а??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????. Bb?????? ?? 1???? ????? op.23?? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?n?? ???????? ???? ?n? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ???. ???????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ??°?? ????? ???.

??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?? 10?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???. ????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? u????? ??????? ?湮?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???.

????????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???? 3?? ?Ŀ? ?????? ??????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???. ????? 1979?? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????. ????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????б? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?ı?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???o??? ?????????? ?????.

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????????????? 1863?? ?????? ????? ????? ????????θ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???-????ο??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???. ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??ν??? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? N.???????? ?????? ?? ???? a???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????.

???? ??? 10?? ?? ???? ?????? a??????? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????, ????, ??劇??? ??? ????? ?ξ???. 1868?? ????? 1?? <????? ???>?? N.???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????. ???????? ?????? ????? <???? ???>?? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?δ´?. ?????? 1872?? ???????? <?ι???? ?????> ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????. 1871?? ????4?????? 1???? ????? 1872?? ????? 2???? ??μ? ??? ?ο? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ??????. 1873???? ????? ????<???佺?>?? ?????? 5?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????.

?? ???? ????? ??? ???ξ??Ŀ??? ???? ?????????? ??????????. ????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ?????.

???????? ?ı? ???þ? ????

????????θ?? ????, ????????, 5??????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???. ??????????????? ???? ? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????μ? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????????, ???þ??? ????? ???? a????? ?????. ???? ???
1862?? ????????θ???? ??????? a???????. ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????. ??? ???þ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ???þ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????????.

??? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?¡??? ?????? ?????? ??μ? ??? ?????????? ?? ?? ???. ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???, ????????? ????? ??? ????????, ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???. ????????? ???? 19???? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???o? ???? ????? 19????????
20???? ????? ???????? ?o??? ????? ????? ???????? ???o? ???? ????????? ???.

???þ? ?????? ???κ??? ????? ????? ?ο? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????, ?????? ??????? ????? ???. ???þ? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? a?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????. ???þ? ?ο?? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????
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