Bratislava, Slovakia.
Bratislava, Slovakia.The eastern part of Czechoslovakia became Slovakia on Jan. 1, 1993, and Bratislava was named capital of the new country. Bratislava is also capital of the Bratislava Region. The city is located in the southwest corner of Slovakia, about 35 miles (60 kilometers) down the
Danube River
from
Vienna, Austria
. Just to the north are the Little Carpathian Mountains. The climate is temperate, with cold winters and warm summers.
The historic part of the city lies on the north bank of the Danube. It is dominated by a hilltop castle that was started in
AD
907 and later served as the residence of the
Hapsburg
royal family. The castle burned in 1811 but was restored in the 20th century. Hapsburg rulers were traditionally crowned kings of Hungary in St. Martin's cathedral, which still stands. The ornate Archbishop's Palace is where the Treaty of Pressburg (Bratislava's German name) was signed by the French emperor
Napoleon
in 1805.
Bratislava is a center of learning, home to the Slovak Academy of Sciences. In addition to Comenius University, which traces its roots back to the 15th century, the city also has universities of technology and economics. The Slovak national museum and art gallery are in Bratislava.
Bratislava's location on the Danube makes it a major transportation hub. Among the most important local industries are motor vehicles and chemicals. Financial services, government, and tourism also employ many people.
The site of Bratislava was inhabited in ancient times by the Celts and the Romans. Slavic people came in the 8th century
AD
, followed by the Magyars (Hungarians). Bratislava became a free royal city of the Hungarian kingdom in 1291. From 1526 until 1784 it served as the capital of
Hungary
, and the kingdom's parliament met there until 1848. Bratislava belonged to the Hungarian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until 1918, when Czechoslovakia was formed. It was a regional capital until Slovakia became independent. (
See also
Slovakia
.) Population (2001), 428,672.
Bratislava
- City (pop., 2001 prelim.: 428,672), capital of Slovakia.
Pressburg, Treaty of
- (Dec. 26, 1805) Agreement signed by Austria and France at Pressburg (now Bratislava, Slvk.) after Napoleon's victories at the Battles of Ulm and Austerlitz.
Laban, Rudolf (von)
- Hungarian modern-dance teacher, inventor of the Labanotation system of dance notation.
Bratislava
- city, capital of Zapadni Slovensko kraj (region) and capital of Slovakia. It lies in the extreme southwestern part of the country, along the Danube where that river has cut a gorge in the Little Carpathian Mountains near the meeting point of the frontiers of Slovakia, Austria, and Hungary. Vienna is 35 miles (56 km) west.
Slovakia
- The Slovak National Library is in Martin, while the Slovak Technical Library and the University Library are in Bratislava. Most of the major museums, including the Slovak National Museum (founded 1893) and the Slovak National Gallery (founded 1948) also are located in Bratislava.
Slovakia
- Slovakia has a modernized but relatively low-density transport system. The most important element is the railways, which are especially important in freight transport-notably of coal, ores, metals, and building materials. Rail lines link Bratislava and the regional capitals, but the system is not always effective, in part because of inefficiency. Many of the lines follow river valleys through ...
Slovakia
- The constitution addresses the issue of local administration only cursorily, defining the single unit of municipality as a territorial and administrative entity exercising jurisdiction over its permanent residents. The extent of municipal autonomy, and in particular the relationship between the municipalities and the state, remained to be clarified. The designation of three regions ...
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