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Liver Biochemistry
32 captures
30 Oct 2000 - 03 Nov 2006
Feb
APR
Jun
27
2005
2006
2007
success
fail
About this capture
COLLECTED BY
Organization:
Alexa Crawls
Starting in 1996,
Alexa Internet
has been donating their crawl data to the Internet Archive. Flowing in every day, these data are added to the
Wayback Machine
after an embargo period.
Collection:
Alexa Crawl EI
Crawl EI from Alexa Internet. This data is currently not publicly accessible.
TIMESTAMPS
The Wayback Machine - https://web.archive.org/web/20060427023901/http://www.mcevoy.demon.co.uk:80/Medicine/Pathology/Biochem/Liver/Biochem.html
Liver Biochemistry
Bilirubin
Pigment derived as
breakdown product of haem moiety
Produced at sites of RBC destruction
Circulates in blood as
unconjugated, water-insoluble
bilirubin bound to
albumin
Conjugated to glucuronic acid in liver -> water soluble form
Excreted in bile -> GI tract
Bacteria in tract convert it to
stercobilinogen
which may be
absorbed and subsequently re-excreted in bile (entero-hepatic circulation)
absorbed and subsequently excreted in urine as urobilinogen (trace only)
or oxidized to stercobilin = fæcal pigment
Interpretation of changes in bilirubin concentrations
Plasma concentrations >35 µmol/l = jaundice
May be due to
Prehepatic Causes
these lead to the profile of
unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
normal urobilinogen
normal stercobilin
and occur when there is
excess production eg. hæmolysis
failure of uptake eg. Gilbert's
failure of conjugation eg. Crigler-Najjar
Intrahepatic Causes
these produce
mixed conjugated + unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
eg Hepatitis
Posthepatic Causes
these lead to profile of
conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
high urobilinogen
low stercobilin
and are caused by
blocked common bile duct eg due to
gallstone
Liver Enzymes
ALT - Alanine aminotransferase
AST - Aspartate aminotransferase
gamma GT - g-Glutamyltransferase
Alkaline phosphatase
Albumin
Clotting Factors