???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???. ??????? ???γ?(??) ??÷??(??????) ??????(?????) ??????????? ???? ???. ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??(??)?? ????? ???. ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??(??)?????? a??? ?? ????.

?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????(?????? ?????) ??÷???? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????. ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????. ???????(??????) 222(???) ????(?????)??. ????? ????翡 ???????? ??????ζ? ??? ????? ?????(??????)?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???.

?????? ?????? ????????? ????? a?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????./???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????????./???? ?Ŀ? ??????n? ?? ???????./????? ??? ??, ?????? ???????????./ ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????.?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????(??????) ???? ???, ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ⓒ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????(????) ??? ???? ????? ???. ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???(???)?? ???????.

?? ?????? ???????? 1930??? ??, ????(????) ??????? ????????? ?????????. ????(???) ?????? ?λ? ?????? ????????????? ? ???? ????? ???. ???????? ????????? ??o?????Ρ??? ????????, ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???, ?? ?????(????)?? ?????(???)?? ??????(????)???? ??? ??????????? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ?? ??????? ????? ??л? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????.

????? ????? o?? ???? ???? 1927???? ???????. ??? ????? 48??, ????? 43???? ????? ??? ?? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ???? ???꿡?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????(?????)?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?θ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???(???) ??????(?????)?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????. ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?θ????? ????? ????????????? ?n? ???. ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??????????? ?? ?????????????. ?? ????? ????? ??? ????????. ????? ????(???) ?????(?????)??? ??????? ????? ???? ???????. ????? 1928????? 1939????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????.

?????????? ?λ????? ???? ????? ?????(???) ???? 1920??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ????? o?? ?????? ??ø? ????? ????? ???? ???.

????? ?????? ????? ??u?? ??? ??(??? ????????)?? ??? ????yø? ??? ???? ???ε??? u???. ?? ?yø? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?n????? ?????? ???. ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ?θ??? ?????? ?????.

1929?? 11???? ?????л????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??й?? ?????. ?????? ????o?? ??????? ?????? ??u?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????, ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ?????.

????? ?????? o???? ?? 1933?? 3?? 23?? ?????? ????????????? ?μ?, ???????? ???? ???????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????????? ?μ??? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???. ?????????(??????).?? ????, ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????. ????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????. ??????????(????????).?? ????[??]???ν? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???????. ????? ??????? ????? ?뱤?η? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????. ????? ?и? ?? ?????(????)?? ???? ?? ???????.

???? ???????? 3??1 ?????? ???? ??? ????? o???? ??????? ?????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????. ??????? 33?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?ι??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? 1930??밡 ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????. ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ????? o???.

?? ?? ???????(???????) ???? ??????? ?????? ???.
????????, ??????? ??? ?? 20?? ???? ???????? ?? ????????. ???常 ???? ????y?.??
???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????. ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???δ?. ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????. ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????.

?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????.??
????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ??????.
??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ???(????) ???? ?????? ???ε??? ?????? ??a?? ??????. ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ?? a?? ???? ????.???? ???????. ????? ???? ???ε??? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???ε??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ???.

?? ?????? ????? 222???? ??? ????? ???? 4?, ???? 2??? ????? 8?? ??????? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ?? ?? ?????. ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ????. ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????.

??????? ??? ?????? a?? ???? ???? ???. ????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ??ø? ?????????.??
????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ?濡 ?????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? a????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???????(??????)????? ?????? ???????.

?? ???? 1933??, ????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????. ????? ??? ???ο??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?α? ???. ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ?????, ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???þ??? ??????? ???. ?????? ????? ?????? ????(???) ??????? ????(??κ??) ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???. ????? ????? ??? ????, ????? ????? ???? ??o??o???? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????.

?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???. ????? ??? ?? 2?? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????. ????????? 1935?? 4?? 9????? ?????? 2?? 1????? ??????. ????????????? ???? ??? ????μ??? 6,000?γ? ?þ???.?? ??????????? ?????? ??η? ????? ?? ????.???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?α? ?????? ?? ???? ?????.

?????? ħ???? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???硯?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????а??? ???. ?????? 1936?? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????. ??y??? ??????? ????? ?ø? ?????.???? ?뼳?? ??????? ??μ?, ????????? ???? ?n? ????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?뼳?? ???? ???????? ????.???? ?????? ???. ??? ????? ????? ????? ???(???) ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ???.

1938?? 5?? 18????? 1939?? 3?? 12????? ????? ????????????? ?????(???)???? ???????. ?? ?n? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???. 1937?? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????(??????)?? ????????, ??п? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ??????? ?з????? ???? ?? ????? 1???? ???(????) ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? a??????. ?? ??κ??? ????(????)??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????. ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????.

?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??, ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????.(??y? ????????????? ???????? ??? 2?? ??????? u??????. ???? ?n? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????.) ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??a?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????.????? ??????? ???? ????? ???(????)??? ?????.

?? ?? ????? ????? ?츮?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????????????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? a?? ????? ???? ??????. ?? ???? ????????????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????.

??????????? ????, ?????. ?????? ??????? ??° ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????
????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????.
???????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ???????? ?????? ???y?. ???? ???????.??

????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?þ???? ???. ?? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????, ?? ???? ????? ????? ?δ? ????? ?????? ???.
???????(????)?? ???????μ?????.??
????? ????? ????? ????? ???????.

?????, ????(????)?? ???(????)?ε? ???? ??? ???.??
?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????. 1937?? ???빮????????? ???(????) ????(?????)?? ???????. ???? ??????????? ????????? ????? ????? ???α??????? ????? ??????(?????)????uo(????) ???? ???????????????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? 1931?? ?????? ?а?? ??濡 u???????. ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?y??? ?????? ????? ??????, ????δ? ?y????? ?? ??? ???? ????. ?? ????? ???? ????? ?뿩?? ????? ??????? a??? ????? ???.

??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????μ? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????!??
?? ????? ????? ?y??? ????????? ??ð? ???. ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? 5?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???? o?????? ???????. ?u????? ???????? ???簡 ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????. ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????(?????) ????? ???? ?????(??????) ???? 1987?? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ???? ???κ??? ???? ???????.

1940?? 8?? 10??, ??ħ?? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????. ?? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??÷? ???.

????? ?????(???????)

???? ????? ??? ?? ??????
?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????,
??, ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????,
????? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ???????
?????? ????? a ??? ???? ??????!
???????????
????????????
???????????
????????????

1940??밡 ???? ???? ?λ???? a??????? ???????. ??????? ????걤??(???????)??, ????? ?????機(????)????? ??????? ?а????. ?????? ???? a???????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?n???. ??????? ???쿡 ???? ???????? ?к? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ???.

??????? ???? ??????!??
1943??, ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?к? ???????? ??????. ?? ????? ?λ? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? a???. ??ħ ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????. ?????? ????¿ ?? ???? ???????.???? ????? ???????. ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????뿡 ?????????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???翡?? ????? ?????? ??????, ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????????? ?밥????? ???????.

???????, ???? ????!??
????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????. ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?ε??? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????.

?????????? ??????.???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?츮?? ?? ????. ?????? ??? ???????.??
?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????. ?к??? ???? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ???꿡?? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? 5???? ???? ???. ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???????. ?????? ??????? ??? a?? ????? ????o?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????.???? ?????? ?????? ???.

1944?? 1?? 1???? ?????? ??????????. ??? ?????? ??? ?ı??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???, ????? ???? ????? ?????. ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????.

?????? ?? ??? ????? ???
??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????
? ???? ?????? ????? ?????ε?
??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????
???? ??? ????? ????? ??????ο?
????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????
??????o?? ?????? ?????? ??
?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????.

1944??, ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ???? ??, ????? ?λ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???°? ħ?? ???????. ??????????? ??a??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????. 6?? 29??, ????? ?????? ?濡 ?o???. ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? 300???? ?????? ?????? ?긮?? ?????? ????? ???. ??? ?? 1?????? 10??????? ??????. ????? ??????? ??????? ???????.

?????? ?????? ?и???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????. ????? 6??25?? ??????. ?? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????, ?? ??? ???o?? ???? ???. ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ???θ? ??? ??????? ??? ??????. ??