Trope (đi?n ?nh)

Trong đi?n ?nh , trope la nh?ng gi ma theo The Art Direction Handbook for Film đ?nh ngh?a la "m?t hinh ?nh đ??c nh?n d?ng r?ng rai, nhu?n th?m nhi?u l?p ng? ngh?a, t?o ra m?t phep ?n d? tr?c quan m?i". ^[1]

M?t ch? đ? th??ng g?p la s? tr?i d?y va sa nga c?a m?t ten c??p trong m?t b? phim xa h?i đen theo phong cach c? đi?n. Th? lo?i phim nay c?ng th??ng co c?nh quay c?a m?t b?ng đ?ng xa h?i đen đang tr?i d?y mua qu?n ao m?i. ^[2]

T? nguyen [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Thu?t ng? nay co cung ngu?n g?c v?i t? trope trong v?n h?c, va no b?t ngu?n t? đi?u nay. Tuy nhien, t? nay co xu?t phat t? " τρ?πο? " ( tropos ) trong ti?ng Hy L?p , co ngh?a la "r?, chuy?n h??ng, thay đ?i", b?t ngu?n t? đ?ng t? τρ?πειν ( trepein ), "quay, h??ng, thay đ?i". Tropes va s? phan lo?i c?a no la m?t l?nh v?c quan tr?ng trong tu t? h?c . Nghien c?u v? tropes đa đ??c đ?a ra tr? l?i trong phe binh hi?n đ?i, đ?c bi?t la trong gi?i c?u truc . ^[3] Phe binh nhi?t đ?i h?c (khong nen nh?m l?n v?i cach đ?c tropology , m?t ki?u chu gi?i Kinh thanh) la mon khoa h?c nghien c?u l?ch s? v? cac hinh kh?i, nh?m m?c đich "xac đ?nh cac trope n?i tr?i c?a m?t th?i đ?i" va "tim th?y cac trope đo trong cac v?n b?n v?n h?c va phi v?n h?c", m?t cu?c đi?u tra lien nganh ma Michel Foucault la m?t "ki?u m?u quan tr?ng". ^[3]

Vi?c s? d?ng thu?t ng? lien quan đ?n đi?n ?nh co th? ph? bi?n h?n trong ti?ng Anh M? so v?i cac ph??ng ng? khac c?a ti?ng Anh. ^[4]

Trong nghien c?u phim [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

M?t trope la m?t y?u t? c?a ky hi?u h?c phim va k?t n?i gi?a ngo?i dien va ham y . Cac b? phim mo ph?ng l?i nh?ng trope ngh? thu?t khac va c?ng t?o ra nh?ng hinh trope ngh? thu?t c?a rieng. ^[5] George Bluestone đa vi?t trong Novels Into Film r?ng trong qua trinh s?n xu?t cac tac ph?m chuy?n th?, truy?n tranh trong phim "b? h?n ch? r?t nhi?u" so v?i trope v?n h?c. Bluestone noi, "[M?t cau chuy?n v?n h?c] la m?t cach... c?a t? duy bi?u t??ng đ??c đong goi c? th? cho ho?t đ?ng t??ng t??ng h?n la cho ho?t đ?ng th? giac... [khi] đ??c chuy?n đ?i thanh m?t hinh ?nh theo ngh?a đen, phep ?n d? s? co v? vo ly." ^[6]

Tham kh?o [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

^ Rizzo, Michael (2014). The Art Direction Handbook for Film (?n b?n 2). Focal Press. tr. 513. ISBN 978-0-415-84279-2 .
^ McDonald, Tamar Jeffers (2010). Hollywood Catwalk: Exploring Costume and Transformation in American Film . I.B. Tauris . tr. 41 . ISBN 978-1-84885-040-8 .
^ ^a ^b Childers, Joseph; Hentzi, Gary (1995). “Trope” . The Columbia Dictionary of Modern Literary and Cultural Criticism . New York: Columbia UP. tr. 309 . ISBN 9780231072434 .
^ “Trope definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary” . Collins Dictionary (b?ng ti?ng Anh) . Truy c?p ngay 18 thang 12 n?m 2019 .
^ Monaco, James (1981). How to Read a Film: The Art, Technology, Language, History, and Theory of Film and Media . Oxford University Press. tr. 140 . ISBN 978-0-19-502802-7 .
^ Bluestone, George (1957). Novels Into Film . Johns Hopkins University Press. tr. 22 . ISBN 978-0-8018-7386-7 .

đ?c them [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Ehrat, Johannes (2005). Cinema and Semiotic: Pierce and Film Aesthetics, Narration, and Representation . Toronto Studies in Semiotics and Communication (?n b?n 2). University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-3912-5 .

[1] Rizzo, Michael (2014). The Art Direction Handbook for Film (?n b?n 2). Focal Press. tr. 513. ISBN 978-0-415-84279-2 .

[2] McDonald, Tamar Jeffers (2010). Hollywood Catwalk: Exploring Costume and Transformation in American Film . I.B. Tauris . tr. 41 . ISBN 978-1-84885-040-8 .

[childers-3] Childers, Joseph; Hentzi, Gary (1995). “Trope” . The Columbia Dictionary of Modern Literary and Cultural Criticism . New York: Columbia UP. tr. 309 . ISBN 9780231072434 .

[4] “Trope definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary” . Collins Dictionary (b?ng ti?ng Anh) . Truy c?p ngay 18 thang 12 n?m 2019 .

[5] Monaco, James (1981). How to Read a Film: The Art, Technology, Language, History, and Theory of Film and Media . Oxford University Press. tr. 140 . ISBN 978-0-19-502802-7 .

[6] Bluestone, George (1957). Novels Into Film . Johns Hopkins University Press. tr. 22 . ISBN 978-0-8018-7386-7 .

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