Tri?t h?c tri tu? nhan t?o la m?t nganh tri?t h?c nghien c?u b?n ch?t c?a tri tu? va tri tu? nhan t?o nh?m tr? l?i nh?ng cau h?i sau:

• May tinh co th? ?ng x? thong minh hay khong? Co th? gi?i quy?t nh?ng v?n đ? ma con ng??i ph?i dung suy ngh? đ? gi?i quy?t khong?
• May tinh co th? co tam tri, hi?n t??ng tam ly va y th?c nh? con ng??i khong? No co th? c?m giac khong?
• Tri tu? c?a con ng??i va may tinh co gi?ng nhau khong? Ph?i ch?ng b? nao con ng??i la m?t may tinh?

Ba cau h?i tren ph?n anh m?i quan tam c?a cac nha nghien c?u tri tu? nhan t?o , tri?t gia va cac nha nh?n th?c h?c . Cau tr? l?i cho nh?ng cau h?i nay ph? thu?c vao đ?nh ngh?a "tri tu?" hay "y th?c" va c? may chinh xac đang đ??c th?o lu?n.

Nh?ng m?nh đ? quan tr?ng trong tri?t h?c v? tri tu? nhan t?o:

• "Quy ??c tao nha" c?a Turing: N?u m?t c? may hanh x? thong minh nh? m?t con ng??i, no thong minh nh? con ng??i.
• đ? xu?t Dartmouth: "M?i khia c?nh c?a vi?c h?c hay b?t k? tinh n?ng nao khac c?a tri tu? đ?u co th? đ??c mo t? chinh xac t?i m?c may tinh co th? mo ph?ng."
• Ly thuy?t v? h? th?ng ky hi?u hinh th?c c?a Newell va Simon: "M?t h? th?ng ky hi?u hinh th?c co cac ph??ng phap c?n va đ? c?a hanh vi thong minh noi chung."
• Ly thuy?t tri tu? nhan t?o m?nh c?a Searle: "M?t may tinh l?p trinh phu h?p v?i cac đ?u ra va đ?u vao đung b?ng cach nao đo s? co m?t y th?c t??ng t? y th?c c?a loai ng??i"
• C? ch? Hobbes: "Ly tri đ?n gi?n la tinh toan."

M?t c? may co th? th? hi?n nh? m?t "tri tu? thong th??ng"? [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

V? ly thuy?t hoan toan co th? t?o ra m?t c? may co th? gi?i quy?t t?t c? cac v?n đ? c?a con ng??i khong? đay la m?t cau h?i đ??c cac nha nghien c?u tri tu? nhan t?o quan tam. No đ?nh ngh?a m?t ph?m tru nh?ng gi cac c? may co th? lam trong t??ng lai va ch? đ??ng cho cac nghien c?u tri tu? nhan t?o. Cau h?i chu tr?ng vao cac hanh vi c?a may va b? qua cac v?n đ? lien quan co th? s? lam cac nha tam ly h?c, khoa h?c nh?n th?c hay tri?t h?c h?ng thu; đ? tr? l?i cau h?i, khong quan tr?ng m?t c? may co th?c s? suy ngh? (nh? m?t ca nhan) hay no ch? hanh đ?ng nh? la co th? suy ngh?. ^[1]

Lu?n đi?m c? b?n c?a h?u h?t cac nha nghien c?u tri tu? nhan t?o đ??c tom g?n trong m?t cau noi, l?n đ?u tien xu?t hi?n la ? h?i ngh? Dartmouth n?m 1956:

Arguments against the basic premise must show that building a working AI system is impossible, because there is some practical limit to the abilities of computers or that there is some special quality of the human mind that is necessary for thinking and yet cannot be duplicated by a machine (or by the methods of current AI research). Arguments in favor of the basic premise must show that such a system is possible.

The first step to answering the question is to clearly define "intelligence."

Tham kh?o [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

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