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Th?ng ke thi?u s? ca t? vong đ?i d?ch COVID-19 theo qu?c gia ? Wikipedia ti?ng Vi?t B??c t?i n?i dung

Th?ng ke thi?u s? ca t? vong đ?i d?ch COVID-19 theo qu?c gia

Bach khoa toan th? m? Wikipedia
M?t ph?n c?a m?t lo?t bai v?
đ?i d?ch COVID-19
  B?nh virus corona 2019

Tinh tr?ng th?ng ke thi?u cac ca t? vong trong đ?i d?ch COVID-19 đa đ??c quan sat tren toan th? gi?i. [1] [2] [3] Cac tinh toan ??c tinh d?a tren s? ca t? vong v??t m?c d? bao ( mortality excess ) tren toan c?u c?a T? ch?c Y t? Th? gi?i co s? khac bi?t ro r?t so v?i cac s? li?u chinh th?c, t? đo cho th?y tinh tr?ng thong ke thi?u? "trong khi co t?ng c?ng 1.813.188 ca t? vong do COVID-19 đ??c bao cao vao n?m 2020... cac ??c tinh c?a WHO cho th?y s? ca t? vong v??t m?c d? bao ph?i ? m?c it nh?t 3.000.000." [4] [5] [6] T? l? trung binh s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 b? tinh thi?u t?i cac thanh ph? la 30%. [7] M?c đich cu?i cung c?a vi?c đ?t đ??c con s? t? vong sat v?i th?c t? h?n la nh?m c?i thi?n kh? n?ng ch?ng d?ch va cac bi?n phap ?ng pho c?a cac n??c va c?a th? gi?i. [8] [9] Vi?c th?ng ke thi?u co th? gay ra m?t s? v?n đ? nh? ch?m tri?n khai tiem ch?ng cho cac nhom đ?i t??ng ?u tien. [10]

Nh?ng ly do ch? y?u gi?i thich cho vi?c th?ng ke thi?u s? ca t? vong bao g?m thi?u cac ngu?n l?c xet nghi?m, khac bi?t trong cach tinh ca nhi?m va t? vong do COVID-19, cung v?i nh?ng s? kem hi?u qu? khac trong thu th?p va c?p nh?t d? li?u. [11] [12] [13] T?i chau Phi, ch? co 8 trong t?ng s? 56 n??c co quy đ?nh b?t bu?c ghi nh?n cac ca t? vong. [14] T?i chau Au, ch? tr? co 2 n??c, con l?i t?t c? cac qu?c gia đ?u co h? th?ng ghi nh?n t? vong chung. [14] T?i ?n đ?, ch? co 70% s? ca t? vong đ??c ghi nh?n, trong đo c?ng ch? co s? it ng??i đ??c nh?n cac ch?ng nh?n y t?; vao n?m 2019 t? l? ghi nh?n cac tr??ng h?p t? vong t?i cac bang la khong đ?ng đ?u (trong kho?ng t? 37% đ?n 100%). [15] [16]

Th?ng ke t? vong do COVID-19 [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vi?c th?ng ke s? ca t? vong COVID-19 tr? nen ph?c t?p do cac b?nh kem theo? c?n ph?i xac đ?nh b?nh nhan t? vong "do" hay "khi" m?c virus corona. [17] [18] T?i ?n đ? , vao thang 3 n?m 2020, hai tr??ng h?p đ?u tien nhi?m virus corona va t? vong sau đo đ??c xac đ?nh nguyen nhan chinh th?c la do cac b?nh ly đi kem khac, ch? khong ph?i do virus. [19] [20] T?i Anh Qu?c , sau khi n??c nay thay đ?i tieu chi xac đ?nh b?nh nhan t? vong do COVID-19, ch? tinh nh?ng tr??ng h?p t? vong trong vong 28 ngay sau khi xet nghi?m d??ng tinh, s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 t?i n??c nay đa co s? khac bi?t so v?i s? ng??i t? vong đ??c nh?n gi?y ch?ng t? co ghi "COVID-19" la nguyen nhan t? vong. [21] [22] Vao thang 4 n?m 2020, New York đa b? sung vao s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 t?i đay, tinh c? nh?ng ng??i đ??c cho la t? vong do b?nh v? ph?i nh?ng ch?a xet nghi?m virus. [23]

Tinh hinh theo qu?c gia [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Trung Qu?c [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao ngay 17 thang 4 n?m 2020, Trung Qu?c t?ng con s? chinh th?c cac ca t? vong do COVID-19 len 50% đ? bu cho "nh?ng tr??ng h?p t? vong t?i nha ch?a đ??c phat hi?n, cung nh?ng tr??ng h?p đ??c bao cao mu?n va ch?a đ?y đ?". [24] [25] Cac k?t qu? kh?o sat huy?t thanh c?a Trung tam Ki?m soat va Phong ng?a D?ch b?nh Trung Qu?c vao ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2020 cho th?y s? ca COVID-19 t?i V? Han co th? đa đ??c th?ng ke thi?u v?i t? l? 1 tren 10. [26] [27]

Ai C?p [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Trung binh s? ca t? vong COVID-19 chi?m d??i 10% s? ca t? vong v??t m?c d? bao trong kho?ng t? thang 5 đ?n thang 8 n?m 2020. [14] Vi?n đo l??ng va đanh gia S?c kh?e (IHME) ??c tinh t? l? th?ng ke thi?u t?i Ai C?p la 1 tren 12 tr??ng h?p. [28] [29] T? khi b?t đ?u đ?i d?ch t?i thang 5 n?m 2021, Ai C?p ghi nh?n g?n 200.000 tr??ng h?p t? vong v??t m?c d? bao, so v?i ch? 15.000 ca t? vong do COVID-19 đ??c xac nh?n, cho th?y tinh tr?ng th?ng ke thi?u ? m?c l?n nh?t th? gi?i. [30]

?n đ? [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 4 va thang 5 n?m 2021, m?t s? bao t?i ?n đ? đ?a tin v? s? khac nhau gi?a s? tr??ng h?p đ??c h?a tang t?i nhi?u n?i v?i s? ca t? vong chinh th?c do COVID-19 t?i cung nh?ng đ?a đi?m nay, d?n t?i k?t lu?n r?ng s? ca t? vong đang b? tinh thi?u. [21] [31] [32] T? The Telegraph đa ti?p c?n đ??c m?t b?n phan cong nhi?m v? t?i m?t b?nh vi?n ? Tay Bengal , trong đo co đo?n ghi: "Trong tr??ng h?p d??ng tinh Covid - Khong đ??c nh?c t?i Covid trong gi?y ch?ng t?." [33] Nh?ng tr??ng h?p che đ?y nh? v?y c?ng d?n t?i tinh tr?ng th?ng ke thi?u trong s? li?u toan qu?c. [33] M?t s? tr? m? coi khong đ? đi?u ki?n nh?n cac ch??ng trinh h? tr? c?a chinh ph? do cha m? t? vong do COVID-19 nh?ng trong gi?y ch?ng t? l?i khong ghi COVID-19 la nguyen nhan t? vong. [34]

Indonesia [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 4 n?m 2020, đanh gia d? li?u c?a Reuters cho th?y trong t?ng s? t? vong do COVID-19 chinh th?c c?a chinh ph? Indonesia, co 2200 tr??ng h?p t? vong v?i cac tri?u ch?ng COVID-19 n?ng khong đ??c đ?a vao. [35] Vao thang 3 va thang 4 n?m 2020, s? l??ng t? vong v??t m?c d? bao t?i Jakarta ? m?c cao h?n r?t nhi?u so v?i con s? t? vong do COVID-19 chinh th?c. [36] Trong cung kho?ng th?i gian nay, s? ng??i đ??c chon c?t sau khi ap d?ng cac bi?n phap ch?ng COVID-19 c?ng g?p n?m l?n s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 chinh th?c. [23] M?t nghien c?u đ??c th?c hi?n t? thang 12 n?m 2020 t?i thang 1 n?m 2021 cho th?y kho?ng 15% dan s? Indonesia đa nhi?m COVID-19, cao h?n r?t nhi?u so v?i con s? chinh th?c vao luc đo la 0,4%; [37] m?t kh?o sat khac đ??c th?c hi?n t? 15-31 thang 3 n?m 2021 cho th?y 44,5% trong s? 10,6 tri?u ng??i t?i th? đo Jakarta đa nhi?m COVID-19, so v?i con s? chinh th?c la 382.000 ng??i (3,6%) vao cu?i thang 3. [38]

Y [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 3 n?m 2020, Bergamo ghi nh?n 5.400 tr??ng h?p t? vong, so v?i con s? trung binh trong 5 n?m qua la 996 tr??ng h?p. The Wall Street Journal ??c tinh s? l??ng t? vong do COVID-19 t?i đay la 352 ng??i, trong khi con s? chinh th?c la 201 ng??i. [12]

Nh?t B?n [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 5 n?m 2020, s? ca t? vong v??t m?c d? bao t?i Tokyo la 200 ng??i. [39] Nikkei Asia cho r?ng "vi?c thi?u xet nghi?m va s? li?u th?ng ke b? tri hoan co th? la nh?ng nguyen nhan cho tinh tr?ng th?ng ke thi?u". [39]

Mexico [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 10 n?m 2020, Trung tam Qu?c gia Cac ch??ng trinh Phong ng?a va Ki?m soat D?ch b?nh c?a Mexico đ?a ra tuyen b? cho bi?t n??c nay đa th?ng ke thi?u it nh?t 50.000 tr??ng h?p t? vong do COVID-19. [40] Tuy nhien, t?i ngay 29 thang 12 n?m 2020, s? ca t? vong nay ch?a đ??c b? sung vao t?ng s? ca t? vong chinh th?c. [41] T?i ngay 28 thang 3 n?m 2021, Mexico m?i c?p nh?t l?i con s? t? vong chinh th?c v?i m?c t?ng 60%. [42] [43]

Pakistan [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Cac bac s? t?i Pakistan noi v?i The Telegraph r?ng tinh tr?ng k? th? t?i Khyber Pakhtunkhwa la nguyen nhan khi?n s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 t?i đay b? th?ng ke thi?u. Tuy nhien, m?t quan ch?c cho bi?t m?c du co kh? n?ng th?ng ke thi?u, con s? nay la khong đang k? so v?i t?ng s? t? vong. [33]

Peru [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao ngay 31 thang 5 n?m 2021, Peru s?a s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 chinh th?c t? 69.342 len thanh 180.764. [44] Quy?t đ?nh đ??c đ?a ra d?a tren tinh hinh va bao cao th?c t? co s? khac bi?t ro r?t so v?i cac s? li?u chinh th?c. [45] L?n c?p nh?t nay đ??c th?c hi?n b?i m?t nhom cac chuyen gia y t? t? Peru va WHO, đ??c thanh l?p vao thang 4 n?m 2021. [46] Sau quy?t đ?nh tren, Th? t??ng Bermudez tuyen b? "Chung ta s? co nh?ng s? li?u đ?y đ? h?n đ? giup chung ta co th? giam sat đ??c đ?i d?ch va th?c hi?n nh?ng bi?n phap thich h?p". [46]

Nga [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao ngay 28 thang 12 n?m 2020, C?c Th?ng ke Nha n??c Lien bang Nga cong b? s? li?u t? vong v??t m?c d? bao m?i, trong đo 81% la do COVID-19, đ?a t?ng s? ca t? vong t?i Nga len h?n 186.000. [47] Tr??c đo đa co nh?ng thong tin v? vi?c th?ng ke thi?u, bao cao thi?u, cung v?i nh?ng ch? trich v? tieu chi xac đ?nh ca t? vong do COVID-19 c?a Nga. [47] [48] Nh?ng d?u hi?u khac c?ng cho th?y con s? t? vong th?c t? cao h?n con s? chinh th?c nh? m?c đ? s? d?ng xe c?u th??ng hay s? nhan vien y t? t? vong. [41]

Nam Phi [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 2 n?m 2021, s? l??ng t? vong v??t m?c d? bao t?i Nam Phi t?i th?i đi?m nay ? m?c g?p kho?ng ba l?n so v?i s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 chinh th?c. đi?u đo co ngh?a la h?n 90.000 ng??i đa t? vong ch?a ro nguyen nhan ho?c do b? tri hoan đi?u tr? cac v?n đ? s?c kh?e khac. [14]

Syria [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

M?t nghien c?u đ??c xu?t b?n tren Nature Communications ??c tinh r?ng ch? co 1,25% tr??ng h?p t? vong do COVID-19 đ??c ghi nh?n t?i th? đo Damascus trong lan song d?ch đ?u tien; con s? nay trong lan song d?ch th? hai c?ng ch? la 12,6%. [49]

Hoa K? [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vao thang 5 n?m 2021, sau khi phan tich c?a IHME cho th?y s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 th?c t? t?i Hoa K? ph?i tren m?c 900.000, bac s? Anthony Fauci cho r?ng "khong co nghi ng? gi" v? vi?c th?ng ke thi?u s? ca t? vong do COVID-19. [3] M?t nghien c?u đ??c xu?t b?n tren The Lancet vao thang 9 n?m 2020 c?ng cho th?y tinh tr?ng th?ng ke thi?u ? m?c ro r?t. [50] [51] Tinh tr?ng nay đa đ??c ghi nh?n t?i Virginia [52] va California. [53] M?t v? be b?i x?y ra t?i New York vao n?m 2021 co lien quan t?i vi?c cac quan ch?c đa tinh thi?u ho?c che đ?y s? ca t? vong do COVID-19 t?i cac nha d??ng lao trong n?m 2020. [54] [55]

Zambia [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

T? thang 6 đ?n thang 9 n?m 2020, m?t nghien c?u giam sat t? thi đa đ??c th?c hi?n t?i Lusaka đ? xac đ?nh t? l? xu?t hi?n SARS-CoV-2 ? nh?ng t? thi. Nghien c?u cho th?y ch? ch?a đ?n 10% ng??i b? nhi?m COVID-19 tr??c khi t? vong la đa đ??c th?c hi?n xet nghi?m. [56]

Th?ng ke th?a [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Vi?n Y h?c c?a đ?i h?c Stanford đa cong b? m?t nghien c?u cho th?y tinh tr?ng th?ng ke th?a cac tr??ng h?p tr? em nh?p vi?n do COVID-19 co th? đang x?y ra. [57] ThePrint c?ng cong b? cac s? li?u cho th?y chinh quy?n Delhi co th? đa b?t đ?u th?ng ke th?a, d?a tren c? s? s? d?ch chuy?n t? l? t? vong ( mortality displacement ). [58] T? l? xet nghi?m th?p co th? khi?n t? l? t? vong t?ng cao, gay ra tinh tr?ng th?ng ke th?a ? m?t s? mo hinh. [59]

Tham kh?o [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

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  3. ^ a b “Estimation of total mortality due to COVID-19” . Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (b?ng ti?ng Anh). 22 thang 4 n?m 2021. L?u tr? b?n g?c ngay 21 thang 5 n?m 2021 . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 5 n?m 2021 .
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  6. ^ “Global COVID death toll might be as high as 8m, says WHO” . Al Jazeera (b?ng ti?ng Anh). 21 thang 5 n?m 2021 . Truy c?p ngay 30 thang 5 n?m 2021 .
  7. ^ Cohen, Jon (30 thang 4 n?m 2021). “Will India's devastating COVID-19 surge provide data that clear up its death 'paradox'?” . Science . doi : 10.1126/science.abj2647 . [...] 30% underreporting of COVID-19 deaths in these cities?the worldwide average...
  8. ^ Guidance for appropriate recording of COVID-19 related deaths in India. National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research. Archived on 10 May 2021 via? archive.org. "Patterns of disease and patterns of death can come from only standardised recording of clinical disease history and cause of death, and therefore epidemiological surveillance of disease and death are important. Robust data is needed from every district and state in India to measure the public health impact of COVID 19 and to plan for timely health interventions and protect communities."
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  12. ^ a b Stancati, Margherita; Sylvers, Eric (1 thang 4 n?m 2020). “Italy's Coronavirus Death Toll Is Far Higher Than Reported” . Wall Street Journal (b?ng ti?ng Anh). ISSN   0099-9660 . Truy c?p ngay 30 thang 5 n?m 2021 .
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  14. ^ a b c d “Measuring Africa's Data Gap: The cost of not counting the dead” . BBC News (b?ng ti?ng Anh). Data journalist: Krystina Shveda. Journalist: Kevyah Cardoso. Senior investigations producer: Louise Adamou. Executive producers: Jacky Martens and Nick Ericsson. Researchers: Maxime Koami Domegni (Senegal) Saikou Jabai Suware (The Gambia), Boubacar Diallo (Guinea), Yasine Mohabeuth (Comoros), Carlos Tobias (Togo), Vincent Niebede (Chad), Alberto Dabo (Guinea-Bissau), Serge Tomondji (Burkina Faso), Crispin Dembasse (Central African Republic), Curtis Slimar (Zambia), Gregory Gondwe (Malawi), Awedni Daweja (Tunisia), Abdelrahman Abutaleb (Egypt). 22 thang 2 n?m 2021 . Truy c?p ngay 31 thang 5 n?m 2021 . Qu?n ly CS1: khac ( lien k?t )
  15. ^ NB, Devikrishna; Besra, Bishwajeet; Mishra, Nand Lal (6 thang 1 n?m 2021). “Birth, death registration improves across states: NFHS-5” . Down To Earth (b?ng ti?ng Anh) . Truy c?p ngay 28 thang 5 n?m 2021 .
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  30. ^ Tracking covid-19 excess deaths across countries
  31. ^ Langa, Mahesh (18 thang 4 n?m 2021). “COVID-19 deaths in Gujarat far exceed government figures” . The Hindu (b?ng ti?ng Anh). ISSN   0971-751X . Truy c?p ngay 29 thang 5 n?m 2021 .
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