Protein mang

Protein mang la nh?ng protein t??ng tac v?i, ho?c la m?t ph?n c?a, cac mang sinh h?c . Chung co th? chia lam hai lo?i chinh la protein mang khong tach r?i , t?c đ??c neo ho?c la m?t ph?n v?nh vi?n c?a mang t? bao va cac protein mang ngo?i vi , t?c ch? t?m th?i g?n vao l?p kep lipid ho?c g?n v?i cac protein khong tach r?i khac. ^[1]^[2]^[3] Cac protein mang khong tach r?i co th? đ??c phan lo?i ti?p thanh protein xuyen mang , v?i v? tri n?m la xuyen qua c? l?p kep lipid va cac protein đ?n h??ng , ch? g?n vao m?t ben c?a mang t? bao. Protein mang la m?t lo?i protein ph? bi?n cung v?i protein hoa tan hinh c?u , protein s?i va cac protein "khuy?t t?t" . ^[4] Protein mang la m?c tieu c?a h?n 50% t?t c? cac lo?i thu?c ch?a b?nh hi?n đ?i. ^[5] Ng??i ta ??c tinh r?ng 20-30% c?a t?t c? cac gen trong h?u h?t cac b? gen la ma hoa cho protein mang. ^[6]^[7]

So v?i cac lo?i protein khac, vi?c xac đ?nh c?u truc protein mang t? bao v?n la m?t thach th?c l?n, đa ph?n do g?p kho kh?n trong vi?c thi?t l?p cac đi?u ki?n thi nghi?m giup b?o t?n c?u truc chinh xac c?a protein nh? trong moi tr??ng t? nhien. ^[7]

Ch?c n?ng [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Protein mang giup th?c hi?n m?t lo?t cac ch?c n?ng quan tr?ng đ?i v?i s? s?ng con c?a cac sinh v?t, co th? k? đ?n nh?: ^[8]

Protein th? th? mang, giup chuy?n ti?p tin hi?u gi?a moi tr??ng ben trong va ben ngoai c?a t? bao.
Protein v?n chuy?n , giup v?n chuy?n cac phan t? va cac ion qua mang. Chung co th? đ??c phan lo?i theo C? s? d? li?u Phan lo?i Protein v?n chuy?n .
Cac enzyme mang v?i nhi?u ho?t tinh khac nhau, ch?ng h?n nh? oxidoreductase , transferase ho?c hydrolase . ^[9]
Cac phan t? bam dinh t? bao cho phep cac t? bao nh?n di?n va t??ng tac l?n nhau. Vi d?, cac protein lien quan đ?n đap ?ng c?a h? mi?n d?ch .

B? gen [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Ng??i ta cho r?ng ph?n l?n c?a t?t c? cac protein la protein mang. Vi d?, kho?ng 1000 trong s? ~ 4200 protein c?a E. coli đ??c d? đoan la protein mang t? bao. Lam thi nghi?m đ?nh v? mang t? bao đa đ??c xac nh?n cho h?n 600 trong s? đo. Vi?c đ?nh v? protein trong mang t? bao la r?t đang tin c?y do s? d?ng cac ph??ng phap phan tich ph?n k? n??c c?a chu?i protein, t?c la đ?nh v? cac trinh t? amino acid k? n??c.

Chu thich [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

^ Johnson JE, Cornell RB (1999). “Amphitropic proteins: regulation by reversible membrane interactions (review)”. Mol. Membr. Biol . 16 (3): 217?235. doi : 10.1080/096876899294544 . PMID 10503244 .
^ Alenghat, Francis J.; Golan, David E. (2013). “Membrane Protein Dynamics and Functional Implications in Mammalian Cells” . Current Topics in Membranes . Current Topics in Membranes. 72 : 89?120. doi : 10.1016/b978-0-12-417027-8.00003-9 . ISBN 9780124170278 . PMC 4193470 . PMID 24210428 .
^ Chada, Nagaraju; Sigdel, Krishna P.; Gari, Raghavendar Reddy Sanganna; Matin, Tina Rezaie; Randall, Linda L.; King, Gavin M. (ngay 31 thang 7 n?m 2015). “Glass is a Viable Substrate for Precision Force Microscopy of Membrane Proteins” . Scientific Reports (b?ng ti?ng Anh). 5 (1). doi : 10.1038/srep12550 . ISSN 2045-2322 .
^ Andreeva, A (2014). “SCOP2 prototype: a new approach to protein structure mining” . Nucleic Acids Res . 42 (Database issue): D310?4. doi : 10.1093/nar/gkt1242 . PMC 3964979 . PMID 24293656 .
^ Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL (thang 12 n?m 2006). “How many drug targets are there?”. Nat Rev Drug Discov . 5 (12): 993?6. doi : 10.1038/nrd2199 . PMID 17139284 .
^ Krogh, A. ; Larsson, B. R.; Von Heijne, G. ; Sonnhammer, E. L. L. (2001). “Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden markov model: Application to complete genomes”. Journal of Molecular Biology . 305 (3): 567?580. doi : 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4315 . PMID 11152613 .
^ ^a ^b Liszewski, Kathy (ngay 1 thang 10 n?m 2015). “Dissecting the Structure of Membrane Proteins” . Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (paper). 35 (17): 1, 14, 16?17. doi : 10.1089/gen.35.17.02 . (c?n đ?ng ky mua)
^ Almen, M.; Nordstrom, K. J.; Fredriksson, R.; Schioth, H. B. (2009). “Mapping the human membrane proteome: A majority of the human membrane proteins can be classified according to function and evolutionary origin” . BMC Biology . 7 : 50. doi : 10.1186/1741-7007-7-50 . PMC 2739160 . PMID 19678920 .
^ Yibin, Lin (2013). “The substitution of Arg149 with Cys fixes the melibiose transporter in an inward-open conformation”. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta . 1828 (8): 1690. doi : 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.03.003 .

[pmid10503244-1] Johnson JE, Cornell RB (1999). “Amphitropic proteins: regulation by reversible membrane interactions (review)”. Mol. Membr. Biol . 16 (3): 217?235. doi : 10.1080/096876899294544 . PMID 10503244 .

[2] Alenghat, Francis J.; Golan, David E. (2013). “Membrane Protein Dynamics and Functional Implications in Mammalian Cells” . Current Topics in Membranes . Current Topics in Membranes. 72 : 89?120. doi : 10.1016/b978-0-12-417027-8.00003-9 . ISBN 9780124170278 . PMC 4193470 . PMID 24210428 .

[:1-3] Chada, Nagaraju; Sigdel, Krishna P.; Gari, Raghavendar Reddy Sanganna; Matin, Tina Rezaie; Randall, Linda L.; King, Gavin M. (ngay 31 thang 7 n?m 2015). “Glass is a Viable Substrate for Precision Force Microscopy of Membrane Proteins” . Scientific Reports (b?ng ti?ng Anh). 5 (1). doi : 10.1038/srep12550 . ISSN 2045-2322 .

[4] Andreeva, A (2014). “SCOP2 prototype: a new approach to protein structure mining” . Nucleic Acids Res . 42 (Database issue): D310?4. doi : 10.1093/nar/gkt1242 . PMC 3964979 . PMID 24293656 .

[pmid17139284-5] Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL (thang 12 n?m 2006). “How many drug targets are there?”. Nat Rev Drug Discov . 5 (12): 993?6. doi : 10.1038/nrd2199 . PMID 17139284 .

[6] Krogh, A. ; Larsson, B. R.; Von Heijne, G. ; Sonnhammer, E. L. L. (2001). “Predicting transmembrane protein topology with a hidden markov model: Application to complete genomes”. Journal of Molecular Biology . 305 (3): 567?580. doi : 10.1006/jmbi.2000.4315 . PMID 11152613 .

[:0-7] Liszewski, Kathy (ngay 1 thang 10 n?m 2015). “Dissecting the Structure of Membrane Proteins” . Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News (paper). 35 (17): 1, 14, 16?17. doi : 10.1089/gen.35.17.02 . (c?n đ?ng ky mua)

[8] Almen, M.; Nordstrom, K. J.; Fredriksson, R.; Schioth, H. B. (2009). “Mapping the human membrane proteome: A majority of the human membrane proteins can be classified according to function and evolutionary origin” . BMC Biology . 7 : 50. doi : 10.1186/1741-7007-7-50 . PMC 2739160 . PMID 19678920 .

[9] Yibin, Lin (2013). “The substitution of Arg149 with Cys fixes the melibiose transporter in an inward-open conformation”. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta . 1828 (8): 1690. doi : 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.03.003 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]