한국   대만   중국   일본 
Ki?m soat l?a b?i ng??i ti?n s? ? Wikipedia ti?ng Vi?t B??c t?i n?i dung

Ki?m soat l?a b?i ng??i ti?n s?

Bach khoa toan th? m? Wikipedia

Ki?m soat l?a b?i ng??i ti?n s? la m?t b??c ngo?t trong khia c?nh v?n hoa c?a s? ti?n hoa c?a con ng??i. L?a cung c?p ngu?n ?m, b?o v?, va ph??ng phap n?u ?n. Nh?ng c?i ti?n v? v?n hoa nay cho phep loai ng??i phat tan v? đ?a ly, đ?i m?i v?n hoa, thay đ?i ch? đ? ?n u?ng va hanh vi s?ng. Them vao đo, t?o ra l?a cho phep m? r?ng ho?t đ?ng c?a con ng??i sang nh?ng th?i gian t?i c?ng nh? luc bu?i sang l?nh l?o.

Nh?ng cong b? v? b?ng ch?ng ch?c ch?n s?m nh?t v? ki?m soat l?a c?a thanh vien chi Homo dao đ?ng t? 1,7 đ?n 0,2 Ma BP (Ma/Ka BP: Mega /Kilo annum before present , tri?u /ngan n?m tr??c đay) [1] . B?ng ch?ng v? vi?c Homo erectus s? d?ng co ki?m soat l?a b?t đ?u t? 600 Ka BP , đ??c gi?i h?c thu?t th?a nh?n r?ng rai [2] [3] . Cac t?m đa nung (flint blade) tu?i kho?ng 300 Ka BP đa đ??c tim th?y ? Ma-r?c g?n cac hoa th?ch c?a loai Homo sapiens ti?n s? ch?a ph?i la hi?n đ?i. B?ng ch?ng v? vi?c ki?m soat l?a la ph? bi?n ? ng??i hi?n đ?i v? m?t gi?i ph?u x?y ra kho?ng 125 Ka BP [4] .

Ng??i Vanuatu t?o l?a, 2005

Ki?m soat l?a [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

S? d?ng va ki?m soat l?a la m?t qua trinh d?n d?n thong qua nhi?u giai đo?n. M?t trong cac y?u t? la s? thay đ?i moi tr??ng s?ng, t? r?ng r?m r?p, n?i chay r?ng hi?m nh?ng co kh? n?ng th?m h?a, sang đ?ng c? hoang da (h?n h?p c?/r?ng) n?i chay r?ng r?t hi?m nh?ng co c??ng đ? th?p h?n. S? thay đ?i nay co th? đa x?y ra vao kho?ng 3 Ma BP , khi vung th?o nguyen m? r?ng ? đong Phi do khi h?u l?nh va kho [5] [6] .

Giai đo?n ti?p theo la s? t??ng tac v?i cac c?nh quan b? đ?t chay va tim ki?m sau v? chay r?ng, nh? hi?n v?n quan sat th?y ? cac loai đ?ng v?t hoang da khac nhau [5] [6] . Trong savanna hoang da ? chau Phi, cac loai đ?ng v?t ?n c? trong cac khu v?c b? đ?t g?n đay, bao g?m tinh tinh Savanna (m?t loai Pan troglodytes verus ) [5] [7] , kh? Vervet ( Cercopithecus aethiops ) [8] , nhi?u loai chim s?n con trung, va đ?ng v?t co x??ng s?ng nh?,... tim ki?m th?c ?n sau v? chay c? [7] [9] .

B??c ti?p theo la s? d?ng cac đi?m chay con l?i sau v? chay r?ng. Vi d?, th?c ?n phat hi?n sau v? chay r?ng co xu h??ng b? đ?t ho?c n?u ch?a chin. đi?u nay co th? t?o ra đ?ng c? đ? đ?t th?c ph?m ch?a đ??c n?u chin tren m?t đi?m đang chay ho?c đ? keo th?c ?n ra kh?i l?a n?u no co nguy c? b? chay. đi?u nay đoi h?i s? quen thu?c v?i l?a va hanh vi c?a no [6] [10] .

B??c đ?u tien trong vi?c ki?m soat l?a la v?n chuy?n l?a t? cac khu v?c b? đ?t chay đ?n ch? khong chay va đ?t chay chung, mang l?i l?i ich trong vi?c ch? bi?n th?c ph?m [6] . Duy tri ng?n l?a trong m?t kho?ng th?i gian dai, nh? đ?i v?i m?t mua (nh? mua kho) co th? đa d?n đ?n s? phat tri?n c?a cac trang tr?i c? s?. Vi?c xay d?ng lo s??i ho?c lo đ?t khac ?a d?ng vong tron đa la m?t s? phat tri?n sau nay [11] . Kh? n?ng t?o ra l?a b?ng d?ng c? ma sat, nh? g? c?ng c? xat g? m?m (nh? trong khoan t?o l?a) la m?t s? phat tri?n sau nay [5] .

M?i giai đo?n nay co th? x?y ra ? cac m?c đ? khac nhau, t? "th?nh tho?ng" ho?c "đoi khi" đ?n "th??ng xuyen", va sau đo la "b?t bu?c" (khong th? s?ng sot n?u khong co no) [11] .

Tham kh?o [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

  1. ^ James, Steven R. (thang 2 n?m 1989), “Hominid Use of Fire in the Lower and Middle Pleistocene: A Review of the Evidence” (PDF) , Current Anthropology , University of Chicago Press, 30 (1): 1?26, doi : 10.1086/203705 , B?n g?c (PDF) l?u tr? ngay 12 thang 12 n?m 2015 , truy c?p ngay 25 thang 12 n?m 2017
  2. ^ Luke, Kim. “Evidence That Human Ancestors Used Fire One Million Years Ago” . Truy c?p ngay 25 thang 12 n?m 2017 . An international team led by the University of Toronto and Hebrew University has identified the earliest known evidence of the use of fire by human ancestors. Microscopic traces of wood ash, alongside animal bones and stone tools, were found in a layer dated to one million years ago
  3. ^ Miller, Kenneth (thang 5 n?m 2013). “Archaeologists Find Earliest Evidence of Humans Cooking With Fire” . Discover .
  4. ^ Zimmer, Carl (07 thang 6 n?m 2017). “Oldest Fossils of Homo Sapiens Found in Morocco, Altering History of Our Species” . The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331 . Truy c?p ngay 25 thang 12 n?m 2017 . Ki?m tra gia tr? ngay thang trong: |date= ( tr? giup )
  5. ^ a b c d Pruetz, Jill D.; Herzog, Nicole M. (2017). “Savanna Chimpanzees at Fongoli, Senegal, Navigate a Fire Landscape”. Current Anthropology : S000. doi : 10.1086/692112 . ISSN   0011-3204 .
  6. ^ a b c d Parker, Christopher H.; Keefe, Earl R.; Herzog, Nicole M.; O'connell, James F.; Hawkes, Kristen (2016). “The pyrophilic primate hypothesis”. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews . 25 (2): 54?63. doi : 10.1002/evan.21475 . ISSN   1060-1538 .
  7. ^ a b Gowlett, J. A. J. (2016). “The discovery of fire by humans: a long and convoluted process”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences . 371 (1696): 20150164. doi : 10.1098/rstb.2015.0164 . ISSN   0962-8436 .
  8. ^ Herzog, Nicole M.; Parker, Christopher H.; Keefe, Earl R.; Coxworth, James; Barrett, Alan; Hawkes, Kristen (2014). “Fire and home range expansion: A behavioral response to burning among savanna dwelling vervet monkeys (Chlorocebusaethiops)” . American Journal of Physical Anthropology . 154 (4): 554?60. doi : 10.1002/ajpa.22550 . ISSN   0002-9483 .
  9. ^ Burton, Frances D. (ngay 29 thang 9 n?m 2011). “2”. Fire: The Spark That Ignited Human Evolution . UNM Press. tr. 12. ISBN   978-0-8263-4648-3 . Truy c?p ngay 19 thang 8 n?m 2017 .
  10. ^ Gowlett, J. A. J.; Brink, J. S.; Caris, Adam; Hoare, Sally; Rucina, S. M. (2017). “Evidence of Burning from Bushfires in Southern and East Africa and Its Relevance to Hominin Evolution”. Current Anthropology . 58 (S16): S206?S216. doi : 10.1086/692249 . ISSN   0011-3204 .
  11. ^ a b Chazan, Michael (2017). “Toward a Long Prehistory of Fire”. Current Anthropology : S000. doi : 10.1086/691988 . ISSN   0011-3204 .

Xem them [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

Lien k?t ngoai [ s?a | s?a ma ngu?n ]

L?y t? “ https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ki?m_soat_l?a_b?i_ng??i_ti?n_s?&oldid=68645053 ”