Bach khoa toan th? m? Wikipedia
H?n ma đem Giang sinh
(ti?ng Anh:
A Christmas Carol
) la m?t
ti?u thuy?t ng?n
sang tac b?i
Charles Dickens
,đ??c xu?t b?n l?n đ?u tien ? London b?i Chapman & Hall vao n?m 1843 va đ??c minh h?a b?i John Leech. M?t Giang Sinh Carol k? l?i cau chuy?n v? Ebenezer Scrooge, m?t ng??i kh?n kh? l?n tu?i đ??c h?n ma c?a đ?i tac kinh doanh c? Jacob Marley va linh h?n c?a Giang sinh, Hi?n t?i va V? lai đ?n th?m. Sau chuy?n th?m c?a h?, Scrooge đ??c bi?n thanh m?t ng??i đan ong t? t?, d?u dang h?n.
Dickens đa vi?t
A Christmas Carol
trong kho?ng th?i gian ng??i Anh đang kham pha va đanh gia l?i cac truy?n th?ng Giang sinh trong qua kh?, bao g?m cac bai hat m?ng va cac phong t?c m?i h?n nh? cay Giang sinh. Ong b? ?nh h??ng b?i nh?ng tr?i nghi?m c?a tu?i tr? c?a chinh minh va b?i nh?ng cau chuy?n Giang sinh c?a cac tac gi? khac bao g?m Washington Irving va Douglas Jerrold. Dickens đa vi?t ba cau chuy?n Giang sinh tr??c ti?u thuy?t, va đ??c truy?n c?m h?ng sau chuy?n vi?ng th?m Tr??ng Ragled Field Lane, m?t trong nhi?u c? s? danh cho tr? em đ??ng ph? ? London. S? đ?i x? c?a ng??i ngheo va kh? n?ng c?a m?t ng??i đan ong ich k? chu?c l?i b?ng cach bi?n thanh m?t nhan v?t co thi?n c?m h?n la nh?ng ch? đ? chinh c?a cau chuy?n. Co cac cu?c th?o lu?n gi?a cac h?c gi? v? vi?c li?u đay la m?t cau chuy?n hoan toan th? t?c, hay n?u đo la m?t cau chuy?n ng? ngon Kito giao.
Xu?t b?n vao ngay 19 thang 12, ?n b?n đ?u tien đ??c ban h?t vao đem Giang sinh; đ?n cu?i n?m 1844, m??i ba phien b?n đa đ??c phat hanh. H?u h?t cac nha phe binh đanh gia ti?u thuy?t thu?n l?i. Cau chuy?n đ??c sao chep b?t h?p phap vao thang 1 n?m 1844; Dickens đa co hanh đ?ng phap ly ch?ng l?i cac nha xu?t b?n, nh?ng ng??i đa pha s?n, ti?p t?c gi?m l?i nhu?n nh? c?a Dickens t? vi?c xu?t b?n. Ong ti?p t?c vi?t b?n cau chuy?n Giang sinh khac trong nh?ng n?m ti?p theo. N?m 1849, ong b?t đ?u đ?c cong khai cau chuy?n đa ch?ng minh thanh cong đ?n m?c ong đa th?c hi?n 127 bu?i bi?u di?n ti?p theo cho đ?n n?m 1870, n?m m?t c?a ong.
A Carol Christmas
ch?a bao gi? đ??c in ra va đa đ??c d?ch sang nhi?u ngon ng?; Cau chuy?n đa đ??c chuy?n th? nhi?u l?n cho phim, san kh?u, opera va cac ph??ng ti?n truy?n thong khac.
A Carol Christmas
đa b?t đ??c ch? ngh?a t? t??ng c?a s? h?i sinh gi?a th?i Victoria c?a k? ngh? Giang sinh. Dickens đa th?a nh?n ?nh h??ng c?a vi?c quan sat Giang sinh hi?n đ?i c?a ph??ng Tay va sau đo đa truy?n c?m h?ng cho m?t s? khia c?nh c?a Giang sinh, bao g?m cac cu?c h?p m?t gia đinh, th?c ?n va đ? u?ng theo mua, khieu v?, tro ch?i va tinh th?n l? h?i.
- Ackroyd, Peter
(1990).
Dickens
. London: Sinclair-Stevenson.
ISBN
978-1-85619-000-8
.
- Billen, Andrew (2005).
Charles Dickens: The Man Who Invented Christmas
. London: Short Books.
ISBN
978-1-904977-18-6
.
- Callow, Simon
(2009).
Dickens' Christmas: A Victorian Celebration
. London: Frances Lincoln.
ISBN
978-0-7112-3031-6
.
- Carlyle, Thomas
(1840).
Chartism
. London: J. Fraser.
OCLC
247585901
.
- Chesterton, G. K.
(1989).
The Collected Works of G.K. Chesterton: Chesterton on Dickens
. San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press.
ISBN
978-0-89870-258-3
.
- Childs, Peter; Tredell, Nicolas (2006).
Charles Dickens
. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
ISBN
978-1-4039-1919-9
.
- Cochrane, Robertson (1996).
Wordplay: origins, meanings, and usage of the English language
. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
ISBN
978-0-8020-7752-3
.
- Davis, Paul (1990a).
The Lives and Times of Ebenezer Scrooge
. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
ISBN
978-0-300-04664-9
.
- Deacy, Christopher (2016).
Christmas as Religion: Rethinking Santa, the Secular, and the Sacred
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ISBN
978-0-19-106955-0
.
- DeVito, Carlo (2014).
Inventing Scrooge
. Kennebunkport, ME: Cider Mill Press.
ISBN
978-1-60433-555-2
.
- Dickens, Charles
(1843).
A Christmas Carol
. London: Chapman and Hall.
OCLC
181675592
.
- Diedrick, James (1987). “Charles Dickens”. Trong Thesing, William (bien t?p).
Dictionary of Literary Biography: Victorian Prose Writers before 1867
. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale.
ISBN
978-0-8103-1733-8
.
- Douglas-Fairhurst, Robert (2006). “Introduction”. Trong Dickens, Charles (bien t?p).
A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Books
. Oxford: Oxford University Press. tr. vii?xxix.
ISBN
978-0-19-920474-8
.
- Garry, Jane; El Shamy, Hasan (2005).
Archetypes and Motifs in Folklore and Literature
. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
ISBN
978-0-7656-2953-1
.
- Glancy, Ruth F. (1985).
Dickens' Christmas Books, Christmas Stories, and Other Short Fiction
. Michigan: Garland.
ISBN
978-0-8240-8988-7
.
- Hammond, R. A. (1871).
The Life and Writings of Charles Dickens: A Memorial Volume
. Toronto: Maclear & Company.
- Harrison, Mary-Catherine (2008).
Sentimental Realism: Poverty and the Ethics of Empathy, 1832?1867
(Thesis). Ann Arbor, MI: ProQuest.
ISBN
978-0-549-51095-6
.
- Howells, William Dean
(1910).
My literary passions, criticism and fiction
. New York and London: Harper & Brother. tr. 2986994.
ISBN
978-1-77667-633-0
.
- Hutton, Ronald
(1996).
Stations of the Sun: The Ritual Year in England
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ISBN
978-0-19-285448-3
.
- Jordan, Christine (2015).
Secret Gloucester
. Stroud, Glos: Amberley Publishing.
ISBN
978-1-4456-4689-3
.
- Jordan, John O. (2001).
The Cambridge Companion to Charles Dickens
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
ISBN
978-0-521-66964-1
.
- Slater, Michael (2003). “Introduction”. Trong Dickens, Charles (bien t?p).
A Christmas Carol and other Christmas Writings
. London: Penguin Books. tr. xi?xxviii.
ISBN
978-0-14-043905-2
.
- Forbes, Bruce David (2008).
Christmas: A Candid History
. Oakland, CA: University of California Press. tr. 62.
ISBN
978-0-520-25802-0
.
- Glancy, Ruth F. (1985).
Dickens' Christmas Books, Christmas Stories, and Other Short Fiction
. Michigan: Garland.
ISBN
978-0-8240-8988-7
.
- Harrison, Mary-Catherine (2008).
Sentimental Realism: Poverty and the Ethics of Empathy, 1832?1867
(Thesis). Ann Arbor, MI: ProQuest.
ISBN
978-0-549-51095-6
.
- Hutton, Ronald
(1996).
Stations of the Sun: The Ritual Year in England
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ISBN
978-0-19-285448-3
.
- Kelly, Richard Michael (2003). “Introduction”. Trong Dickens, Charles (bien t?p).
A Christmas Carol
. Ontario: Broadway Press. tr. 9?30.
ISBN
978-1-55111-476-7
.
- Ledger, Sally (2007).
Dickens and the Popular Radical Imagination
. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
ISBN
978-0-521-84577-9
.
- Moore, Grace (2011).
Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol
. St Kilda, VIC: Insight Publications.
ISBN
978-1-921411-91-5
.
- Restad, Penne L. (1996).
Christmas in America: a History
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ISBN
978-0-19-510980-1
.
- Sillence, Rebecca (2015).
Gloucester History Tour
. Stroud, Glos: Amberley Publishing.
ISBN
978-1-4456-4859-0
.
- Slater, Michael (2009).
Charles Dickens
. New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press.
ISBN
978-0-300-16552-4
.
- Standiford, Les (2008).
The Man Who Invented Christmas: How Charles Dickens's A Christmas Carol Rescued His Career and Revived Our Holiday Spirits
. New York: Crown.
ISBN
978-0-307-40578-4
.
- Studwell, William Emmett
; Jones, Dorothy E. (1998).
Publishing Glad Tidings: Essays on Christmas Music
. Binghampton, NY: The Haworth Press.
ISBN
978-0-7890-0398-0
.
- Tomalin, Claire
(2011).
Charles Dickens: A Life
. London: Penguin Books.
ISBN
978-0-670-91767-9
.
- Welch, Bob (2015).
52 Little Lessons from a Christmas Carol
. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson.
ISBN
978-1-4002-0675-9
.
- “A Christmas Carol”
.
The Radio Times
(12): 23. ngay 14 thang 12 n?m 1923
. Truy c?p ngay 10 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- “A Christmas Carol”
. WorldCat
. Truy c?p ngay 11 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Davidson, Ewan.
“Scrooge, or, Marley's Ghost (1901)”
.
Screenonline
. British Film Institute
. Truy c?p ngay 10 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Elwell, Frank W. (ngay 2 thang 11 n?m 2001).
“Reclaiming Malthus”
. Rogers State University.
B?n g?c
l?u tr? ngay 24 thang 3 n?m 2017
. Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Lalumia, Christine (ngay 12 thang 12 n?m 2001).
“Scrooge and Albert”
. History Today
. Truy c?p ngay 5 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Lee, Imogen.
“Ragged Schools”
. British Library.
B?n g?c
l?u tr? ngay 15 thang 7 n?m 2014
. Truy c?p ngay 8 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Martin, Katherine Connor (ngay 19 thang 12 n?m 2011).
“merry, adj”
.
Oxford English Dictionary
.
B?n g?c
l?u tr? ngay 6 thang 7 n?m 2017
. Truy c?p ngay 16 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
Qu?n ly CS1: ref trung m?c đ?nh (
lien k?t
)
(yeu c?u đ?ng ky)
- “Provenance”
.
The Morgan Library & Museum
. ngay 20 thang 11 n?m 2013
. Truy c?p ngay 9 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Rowell, Geoffrey
(ngay 12 thang 12 n?m 1993).
“Dickens and the Construction of Christmas”
. History Today
. Truy c?p ngay 3 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- “Scrooge, n”
.
Oxford English Dictionary
. Truy c?p ngay 16 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
(yeu c?u đ?ng ky)
- Sutherland, John
.
“The Origins of A Christmas Carol”
. British Library.
B?n g?c
l?u tr? ngay 30 thang 11 n?m 2020
. Truy c?p ngay 3 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- Varese, Jon Michael (ngay 22 thang 12 n?m 2009).
“Why A Christmas Carol was a flop for Dickens”
.
The Guardian
. Truy c?p ngay 10 thang 1 n?m 2017
.
- UK CPI
inflation numbers based on data available from Gregory Clark (2016).
“The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)”
.
MeasuringWorth
. Truy c?p ngay 16 thang 11 n?m 2016
.
- Alleyne, Richard (ngay 24 thang 12 n?m 2007).
“Real Scrooge 'was Dutch gravedigger
'
”
.
The Daily Telegraph
.
- “Charles Dickens; Works of Charles Dickens. Household Edition”
.
The New York Times
. ngay 19 thang 12 n?m 1863.
- Chorley, H. F.
(ngay 23 thang 12 n?m 1843). “A Christmas Carol”.
The Athenaeum
(843): 1127?1128.
- “Christmas Carol”
.
The New Monthly Magazine
.
70
(277): 148?149. thang 1 n?m 1844.
- Davis, Paul (Winter 1990b). “Literary History: Retelling A Christmas Carol: Text and Culture-Text”.
The American Scholar
.
59
(1): 109?15.
JSTOR
41211762
.
- Gordon, Alexander (2008).
“Elwes, John (1714?1789)”
.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
.
doi
:
10.1093/ref:odnb/8776
. Truy c?p ngay 13 thang 1 n?m 2016
.
Qu?n ly CS1: ref trung m?c đ?nh (
lien k?t
)
(yeu c?u đ?ng ky ho?c
co quy?n thanh vien c?a th? vi?n cong c?ng Anh
)
- Hood, Thomas
(thang 1 n?m 1844).
“A Christmas Carol”
.
Hood's Magazine
.
1
(1): 68?75.
- Jackson, Crispin (thang 12 n?m 1999). “Charles Dickens, Christmas Books and Stories”.
The Book and Magazine Collector
(189).
- Jaffe, Audrey (thang 3 n?m 1994). “Spectacular Sympathy: Visuality and Ideology in Dickens's A Christmas Carol”.
PMLA
.
109
(2): 254?265.
JSTOR
463120
.
- “Literature”
.
The Illustrated London News
(86). ngay 23 thang 12 n?m 1843.
- Martin, Theodore
(thang 2 n?m 1844). “Bon Gaultier and his Friends”.
Tait's Edinburgh Magazine
.
11
(2): 119?131.
- “Notice of Books”.
The Christian Remembrancer
.
7
(37): 113?121. thang 1 n?m 1844.
- Sable, Martin H. (Autumn 1986). “The Day of Atonement in Charles Dickens' 'A Christmas Carol
'
”.
Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought
.
22
(3): 66?76.
JSTOR
23260495
.
- Senior, Nassau William
(thang 6 n?m 1844). “Spirit of the Age”.
The Westminster Review
.
41
(81): 176?192.
- Slater, Michael (2011).
“Dickens, Charles John Huffam (1812?1870)”
.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
.
doi
:
10.1093/ref:odnb/7599
. Truy c?p ngay 3 thang 1 n?m 2016
.
Qu?n ly CS1: ref trung m?c đ?nh (
lien k?t
)
(yeu c?u đ?ng ky ho?c
co quy?n thanh vien c?a th? vi?n cong c?ng Anh
)
- Thackeray, William Makepeace
(thang 2 n?m 1844).
“A Box of Novels”
.
Fraser's Magazine
.
29
(170): 153?169.
B?n m?u:Charles Dickens