Bach khoa toan th? m? Wikipedia
Huan ch??ng Khoa h?c Qu?c gia
c?a
Hoa K?
la m?t danh d? do
T?ng th?ng Hoa K?
trao t?ng cho cac ca nhan la
cong dan Hoa K?
ho?c đa đ?nh c? lau n?m ? Hoa K? co đong gop quan tr?ng vao phat tri?n tri th?c trong cac l?nh v?c
khoa h?c xa h?i
va
nhan v?n
,
sinh h?c
,
hoa h?c
,
c? khi
,
toan h?c
va
v?t ly h?c
. Vi?c xet ca nhan đ? t?ng đ??c ?y quy?n cho ?y ban Gi?i th??ng Nha n??c v? Khoa h?c g?m 12 thanh vien do T?ng th?ng Hoa K? ch? đ?nh va vi?c trao t?ng c?ng do Qu? Khoa h?c nha n??c (NSF) ph? trach. Hang n?m, NSF phat l?i keu g?i cac c?ng đ?ng khoa cac h?c gi? thi?u cac ?ng vien m?i đ? nh?n gi?i th??ng. ?y ban Gi?i th??ng nha n??c v? khoa h?c c?n c? vao gi?i thi?u c?a gi?i khoa h?c đ? xet va đ? ngh? T?ng th?ng Hoa K? t?ng.
Huan ch??ng Khoa h?c Qu?c gia đ??c l?p ra vao n?m 1959. Tinh đ?n ngay 13 thang 2 n?m 2006, đa co 425 ca nhan đ??c t?ng gi?i th??ng nay. Danh sach cac ca nhan nay ? d??i đay.
Khoa h?c xa h?i va nhan v?n
[
s?a
|
s?a ma ngu?n
]
- 1963
Cornelius Van Niel
- 1964
Marshall W. Nirenberg
- 1965
Francis P. Rous
,
George G. Simpson
,
Donald D. Van Slyke
- 1966
Edward F. Knipling
,
Fritz Albert Lipmann
,
William C. Rose
,
Sewall Wright
- 1967
Kenneth S. Cole
,
Harry F. Harlow
,
Michael Heidelberger
,
Alfred H. Sturtevant
- 1968
H. A. Barker
,
Bernard B. Brodie
,
Detlev W. Bronk
,
Jay Lush
,
Burrhus Frederic Skinner
- 1969
Robert J. Huebner
,
Ernst Mayr
- 1970
Barbara McClintock
,
Albert B. Sabin
- 1973
Daniel I. Arnon
,
Earl W. Sutherland, Jr.
- 1974
Britton Chance
,
Erwin Chargaff
,
James Van Gundia Neel
,
James Augustine Shannon
- 1975
Hallowell Davis
,
Paul Gyorgy
,
Sterling Brown Hendricks
,
Orville Alvin Vogel
- 1976
Roger C.L. Guillemin
,
Keith Roberts Porter
,
Efraim Racker
,
Edward O. Wilson
- 1979
Robert H. Burris
,
Elizabeth C. Crosby
,
Earl Reece Stadtman
,
George Ledyard Stebbins
,
Paul A. Weiss
- 1981
Philip Handler
- 1982
Seymour Benzer
,
Glenn W. Burton
,
Mildred Cohn
- 1983
Howard L. Bachrach
,
Paul Berg
,
Wendell L. Roelofs
,
Berta Scharrer
- 1986
Stanley Cohen
,
Donald A. Henderson
,
Vernon B. Mountcastle
,
George Emil Palade
,
Joan A. Steitz
- 1987
Michael E. Debakey
,
Theodor O. Diener
,
Harry Eagle
,
Har Gobind Khorana
,
Rita Levi-Montalcini
- 1988
Michael S. Brown
,
Stanley N. Cohen
,
Joseph L. Goldstein
,
Maurice R. Hilleman
,
Eric R. Kandel
,
Rosalyn S. Yalow
- 1989
Katherine Esau
,
Viktor Hamburger
,
Philip Leder
,
Joshua Lederberg
,
Roger W. Sperry
,
Harland G. Wood
- 1990
Baruj Benacerraf
,
Herbert W. Boyer
,
Daniel E. Koshland, Jr.
,
Edward B. Lewis
,
David G. Nathan
,
E. Donnall Thomas
- 1991
Mary Ellen Avery
,
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
,
Elvin A. Kabat
,
Salvador E. Luria
,
Paul A. Marks
,
Folke K Skoog
,
Paul C. Zamecnik
- 1992
Maxine Singer
,
Howard M. Temin
- 1993
Daniel Nathans
,
Salome G. Waelsch
- 1994
Thomas Eisner
,
Elizabeth F. Neufeld
- 1995
Alexander Rich
- 1996
Ruth Patrick
- 1997
James D. Watson
,
Robert Weinberg
- 1998
Bruce Ames
,
Janet Rowley
- 1999
David Baltimore
,
Jared Diamond
,
Lynn Margulis
- 2000
Nancy C. Andreasen
,
Peter H. Raven
,
Carl Woese
- 2001
Francisco J. Ayala
,
Mario R. Capecchi
,
Ann M. Graybiel
,
Gene E. Likens
,
Victor A. McKusick
,
Harold Varmus
- 2002
James E. Darnell
,
Evelyn M. Witkin
- 2003
J. Michael Bishop
,
Solomon H. Snyder
,
Charles Yanofsky
- 2004
Norman E. Borlaug
,
Phillip Allen Sharp
,
Thomas E. Starzl
- 2005
Anthony Fauci
,
Torsten N. Wiesel
- 2006
Rita R. Colwell
,
Nina Fedoroff
,
Lubert Stryer
- 2007
Robert J. Lefkowitz
,
Bert W. O'Malley
- 2008
Francis S. Collins
,
Elaine Fuchs
,
J. Craig Venter
- 1964
Roger Adams
,
Harold Clayton Urey
,
Robert Burns Woodward
- 1965
Peter Debye
- 1966
Henry Eyring
- 1967
George Kistiakowsky
- 1968
Paul Bartlett
,
Lars Onsager
- 1970
Saul Winstein
- 1973
Carl Djerassi
,
Vladimir Haensel
- 1974
Paul Flory
,
Linus Carl Pauling
,
Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer
- 1979
Arthur Kornberg
,
Severo Ochoa
- 1982
F. Albert Cotton
,
Gilbert Stork
- 1983
Roald Hoffmann
,
George C. Pimentel
,
Richard N. Zare
- 1986
Harry Gray
,
Yuan Tseh Lee
,
Carl S. Marvel
,
Frank H. Westheimer
- 1987
William S. Johnson
,
Walter H. Stockmayer
,
Max Tishler
- 1988
William O. Baker
,
Konrad E. Bloch
,
Elias J. Corey
- 1989
Richard B. Bernstein
,
Melvin Calvin
,
Rudoph A. Marcus
,
Harden M. McConnell
- 1990
Elkan Blout
,
Karl Folkers
,
John D. Roberts
- 1991
Ronald Breslow
,
Gertrude B. Elion
,
Dudley R. Herschbach
,
Glenn T. Seaborg
- 1992
Howard E. Simmons, Jr.
- 1993
Donald J. Cram
,
Norman Hackerman
- 1994
George S. Hammond
- 1995
Thomas Cech
,
Isabella L. Karle
- 1996
Norman Davidson
- 1997
Darleane C. Hoffman
,
Harold S. Johnston
- 1998
John W. Cahn
,
George M. Whitesides
- 1999
Stuart A. Rice
,
John Ross
,
Susan Solomon
- 2000
John D. Baldeschwieler
,
Ralph F. Hirschmann
- 2001
Ernest R. Davidson
,
Gabor A. Somorjai
- 2002
John I. Brauman
- 2004
Stephen J. Lippard
- 2006
Marvin H. Caruthers
,
Peter B. Dervan
,
Robert S. Langer
- 2007
Mostafa A. El-Sayed
- 2008
Joanna S. Fowler
,
JoAnne Stubbe
- 1962
Theodore von Karman
- 1963
Vannevar Bush
,
John Robinson Pierce
- 1964
Charles S. Draper
- 1965
Hugh L. Dryden
,
Clarence L. Johnson
,
Warren K. Lewis
- 1966
Claude E. Shannon
,
Vladimir K. Zworykin
- 1967
Edwin H. Land
,
Igor I. Sikorsky
- 1968
J. Presper Eckert
,
Nathan M. Newmark
- 1969
Jack St. Clair Kilby
- 1970
George E. Mueller
- 1973
Harold E. Edgerton
,
Richard T. Whitcomb
- 1974
Rudolf Kompfner
,
Ralph Brazelton Peck
,
Abel Wolman
- 1975
Manson Benedict
,
William Hayward Pickering
,
Frederick E. Terman
,
Wernher Von Braun
- 1976
Morris Cohen
,
Peter C. Goldmark
,
Erwin Wilhelm Muller
- 1979
Emmett N. Leith
,
Raymond D. Mindlin
,
Robert N. Noyce
,
Earl R. Parker
,
Simon Ramo
- 1982
Edward H. Heinemann
,
Donald L. Katz
- 1983
William R. Hewlett
,
George M. Low
,
John G. Trump
- 1986
Hans Wolfgang Liepmann
,
T. Y. Lin
,
Bernard M. Oliver
- 1987
Robert B. Bird
,
H. Bolton Seed
,
Ernst Weber
- 1988
Daniel C. Drucker
,
Willis M. Hawkins
,
George W. Housner
- 1989
Harry George Drickamer
,
Herbert E. Grier
- 1990
Mildred S. Dresselhaus
,
Nick Holonyak Jr.
- 1991
George Heilmeier
,
Luna B. Leopold
,
H. Guyford Stever
- 1992
Calvin F. Quate
,
John Roy Whinnery
- 1993
Alfred Y. Cho
- 1994
Ray W. Clough
- 1995
Hermann A. Haus
- 1996
James L. Flanagan
,
C. Kumar N. Patel
- 1998
Eli Ruckenstein
- 1999
Kenneth N. Stevens
- 2000
Yuan-Cheng B. Fung
- 2001
Andreas Acrivos
- 2002
Leo Beranek
- 2003
John M. Prausnitz
- 2004
Edwin N. Lightfoot
- 2005
Jan D. Achenbach
,
Tobin J. Marks
- 2007
Andrew J. Viterbi
- 2008
Rudolf E. Kalman
Toan h?c, th?ng ke h?c va khoa h?c may tinh
[
s?a
|
s?a ma ngu?n
]
- 1963
Norbert Wiener
- 1964
Solomon Lefschetz
,
H. Marston Morse
- 1965
Oscar Zariski
- 1966
John Milnor
- 1967
Paul Cohen
- 1968
Jerzy Neyman
- 1969
William Feller
- 1970
Richard Brauer
- 1973
John Tukey
- 1974
Kurt Godel
- 1975
John W. Backus
,
Shiing-Shen Chern
,
George B. Dantzig
- 1976
Kurt Otto Friedrichs
,
Hassler Whitney
- 1979
Joseph L. Doob
,
Donald E. Knuth
- 1982
Marshall Harvey Stone
- 1983
Herman Goldstine
,
Isadore Singer
- 1986
Peter Lax
,
Antoni Zygmund
- 1987
Raoul Bott
,
Michael Freedman
- 1988
Ralph E. Gomory
,
Joseph B. Keller
- 1989
Samuel Karlin
,
Saunders MacLane
,
Donald C. Spencer
- 1990
George F. Carrier
,
Stephen Cole Kleene
,
John McCarthy
- 1991
Alberto Calderon
- 1992
Allen Newell
- 1993
Martin Kruskal
- 1994
John Cocke
- 1995
Louis Nirenberg
- 1996
Richard M. Karp
,
Stephen Smale
- 1997
Khau Thanh đ?ng
- 1998
Cathleen Synge Morawetz
- 1999
Felix Browder
,
Ronald R. Coifman
- 2000
John Griggs Thompson
,
Karen K. Uhlenbeck
- 2001
Calyampudi R. Rao
,
Elias M. Stein
- 2002
James G. Glimm
- 2003
Carl R. de Boor
- 2004
Dennis P. Sullivan
- 2005
Bradley Efron
- 2006
Hyman Bass
- 2007
Leonard Kleinrock
- 1963
Luis W. Alvarez
- 1964
Julian Schwinger
- 1965
John Bardeen
,
Leon M. Lederman
,
William Rubey
- 1966
Jacob Bjerknes
,
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
,
John H. Van Vleck
- 1967
Jesse Beams
,
Francis Birch
,
Gregory Breit
,
Louis Hammett
- 1968
Herbert Friedman
,
Eugene Wigner
- 1969
Herbert C. Brown
,
Wolfgang Panofsky
- 1970
Robert H. Dicke
,
Allan R. Sandage
,
John C. Slater
,
John A. Wheeler
- 1973
Maurice Ewing
,
Arie Jan Haagen-Smit
,
Frederick Seitz
,
Robert Rathbun Wilson
- 1974
Nicolaas Bloembergen
,
William Alfred Fowler
- 1975
Hans A. Bethe
,
Joseph Hirschfelder
,
Lewis Sarett
,
E. Bright Wilson
,
Chien-Shiung Wu
- 1976
Samuel Goudsmit
,
Herbert S. Gutowsky
,
Frederick Rossini
,
Verner Suomi
,
Henry Taube
,
George Uhlenbeck
- 1979
Richard P. Feynman
,
Herman Mark
,
Edward M. Purcell
,
John Sinfelt
,
Lyman Spitzer
,
Victor F. Weisskopf
- 1982
Philip W. Anderson
,
Yoichiro Nambu
,
Edward Teller
,
Charles H. Townes
- 1983
E. Margaret Burbidge
,
Maurice Goldhaber
,
Helmut Landsberg
,
Walter Munk
,
Frederick Reines
,
Bruno B. Rossi
,
J. Robert Schrieffer
- 1986
Solomon Buchsbaum
,
Horace Crane
,
Herman Feshbach
,
Robert Hofstadter
,
Chen Ning Yang
- 1987
Philip Abelson
,
Walter Elsasser
,
Paul C. Lauterbur
,
George Pake
,
James A. Van Allen
- 1988
D. Allan Bromley
,
Paul (Ching-Wu) Chu
,
Walter Kohn
,
Norman F. Ramsey
,
Jack Steinberger
- 1989
Arnold O. Beckman
,
Eugene Parker
,
Robert Sharp
,
Henry Stommel
- 1990
Allan M. Cormack
,
Edwin M. McMillan
,
Robert Pound
,
Roger Revelle
- 1991
Arthur L. Schawlow
,
Ed Stone
,
Steven Weinberg
- 1992
Eugene M. Shoemaker
- 1993
Val Fitch
,
Vera Rubin
- 1994
Albert Overhauser
,
Frank Press
- 1995
Hans Dehmelt
,
Peter Goldreich
- 1996
Wallace S. Broecker
- 1997
Marshall Rosenbluth
,
Martin Schwarzschild
,
George Wetherill
- 1998
Don L. Anderson
,
John N. Bahcall
- 1999
James Cronin
,
Leo Kadanoff
- 2000
Willis E. Lamb
,
Jeremiah P. Ostriker
,
Gilbert F. White
- 2001
Marvin L. Cohen
,
Raymond Davis Jr.
,
Charles Keeling
- 2002
Richard Garwin
,
W. Jason Morgan
,
Edward Witten
- 2003
G. Brent Dalrymple
,
Riccardo Giacconi
- 2004
Robert N. Clayton
- 2005
Ralph A. Alpher
,
Lonnie Thompson
- 2006
Daniel Kleppner
- 2007
Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
,
Charles P. Slichter
,
David J. Wineland
- 2008
Berni Alder
,
James E. Gunn