' ???? ???? ????? (12 ?????? 1817 – ??? 6? 1862) ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ??? ? ^[1] ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ^[2] ?? ?? ???? '????? ??? ????? ? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ' ??? ???????? ' ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???

????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ? ????? ??? ????? 20 ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ? ^[3] ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ^[3]

?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ^{[4] [5]}

????? [ ????? ]

??????? ????? ??? ?????? 1817-1837 [ ????? ]

??????? ????? ? 1837-1844 [ ????? ]

"??? ????????" ??? ????? ???? 1845-1850 [ ????? ]

??? ?? ???? 1851-1862 [ ????? ]

??? [ ????? ]

???? ??? ?????? ???? [ ????? ]

???? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? [ ????? ]

??? ? ???? [ ????? ]

1. ↑ "Henry David Thoreau | Biography & Works" ? Encyclopedia Britannica (????? ???????)? March 16, 2019 ??? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??? ??? ?????? July 8, 2019  
2. ↑ Howe, Daniel Walker, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815?1848 . ??? ??? ?? ???   978-0-19-507894-7 , p. 623.
3. ^ ^{? ?} Thoreau, Henry David. A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers  / Walden  / The Maine Woods  / Cape Cod . Library of America. ??? ??? ?? ???   0-940450-27-5 .
4. ↑ Seligman, Edwin Robert Anderson; Johnson, Alvin Saunders, eds. (1937). Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences , p. 12.
5. ↑ Gross, David, ed. The Price of Freedom: Political Philosophy from Thoreau's Journals . p. 8. ??? ??? ?? ???   978-1-4348-0552-2 . "The Thoreau of these journals distrusted doctrine, and, though it is accurate I think to call him an anarchist, he was by no means doctrinaire in this either."