Tania Bruguera
Kubabika	Tania Brugueras 1968 (age 55–56) Havana , Cuba
Sukulu yaumalilo	Instituto Superior de Arte School of the Art Institute of Chicago
Known for	Artist and activist
Notable work	Displacement (1989-99), Untitled (Havana, 2000), Tatlin's Whisper #5 (2008)
Undano	Performance Art, installation and video
Mpapi	Miguel Brugueras (father)
Mphoto	Guggenheim Fellowship (1998) Prince Claus Prize (2000) Velazquez Award for Plastic Arts  [ es ]
Webusaiti	www .taniabruguera .com

Tania Bruguera (wakababika mu 1968 ku Havana , Cuba ) ^[1] ) ni nkhwantha ya vyakujambura na kujambura vinthu ndipo wakujambura vinthu na kujambura vinthu. Iye wakukhala ku Cambridge uko wakugwira nchito nga ni mutu wa vya manyuzipepara na vyakucita pa Harvard University . ^[2] Bruguera wakaluta ku maungano ghakurughakuru pa caru cose. ^[3] Ntchito yake yili mu nyumba zakusungiramo vinthu vya pa caru cose, kusangzapo Museum of Modern Art na Bronx Museum of the Arts na Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana . ^[3]

Mulimo wa Bruguera ukulongosora vya mazaza na kuwusa, ndipo milimo yake yinandi yikulongosora vinthu ivyo vikachitika mu Cuba. ^{[4] [5]} Chifukwa cha ivyo wakachitanga, Bruguera wakakakika kanandi waka na kujalirika mu jele.

Mbili [ lemba | kulemba source ]

Wakababika na zina lakuti Tania Brugueras, ndipo waka?a mwana wa Miguel Brugueras uyo waka?a nduna ya boma, kweni wakati wakwaniska vyaka 18, wakasintha zina lake na ku?a Bruguera. ^[6]

Cifukwa cakuti adada ?ake ?aka?a nduna ndipo ?aka?a mu boma la Fidel Castro, Tania wakasama maulendo ghatatu apo waka?a mwana. Adada ?ake ?akaluta ku Paris (1973-1974), Lebanon (1974-1977), na Panama (1977-1979). Mu 1979, vilimika vi?iri kufuma apo wakasamukira kacitatu, Bruguera wakasankha kuwelera ku Cuba.

Bruguera wakasambira ku Instituto Superior de Arte ku Havana ndipo pamasinda wakatora digiri ya M.F.A. ku School of the Art Institute of Chicago. ^{[7] [4] [3]} Ndiwo wakambiska na kulongozga Catedra Arte de Conducta (sukulu ya maluso gha kachitiro), sukulu yakwamba ya maluso gha kachitiro ku Latin America, iyo yikupangika na Instituto Superior de Arte ku Havana. Kufuma mu 2003 kufika mu 2010, waka?a pulofesa mu Dipatimenti ya Visual Arts pa Yunivesite ya Chicago, ku United States ndipo ni pulofesa wakucemeka ku Yunivesite ya Iuav di Venezia ku Venice, Italy.

Mu 2021, Bruguera wakafumako ku Cuba kuti boma lizomerezge kuti ?akwimira boma awo ?akakakika mu chaka chenechichi ?afumemo mu Cuba. ^[8]

Ntchito [ lemba | kulemba source ]

Mu 1985-96, Ana Mendieta wati wafwa, Bruguera wakambiska viphikiro vyakuti Tribute to Ana Mendieta.

Mu 1997 Bruguera wakalemba buku lakuti The Burden of Guilt (El peso de la culpa) ilo likulongosora umo ?anthu ?anandi ?a ku Cuba ?akajiphyera mwakuti ?aleke kukomeka na ?anthu ?a ku Spain. ^{[9] [10]} Bruguera wakalongosora kuti kurya fuvu kuka?a "nkhondo ya kulimbana na boma". Pa nyengo iyi, Bruguera wakimilira kwambura kuvwara, ndipo thupi la mwana wa mberere lika?a mu singo yake. Kwa maminiti 45, wakarya dongo lakusazgako maji na mchere, ivyo vikimiranga masozi. ^{[11] [12] [13]} Nga ni umo Edward Rubin wakalongosolera, "cithuzithuzi cakucitiska citima ici cikadankha kulongoreka mu Havana, uko ?ategherezgi ?akakumbuskika makora kuti wanangwa, wanangwa, na wanangwa wa kujisankhira vyakucita ni vintu vyambura kuwoneka, kweni ni vinthu ivyo vikulongora kuti tili na wanangwa".

Mu 1998-1999 Bruguera wakapanga cinthu cakucita cithuzithuzi cakucemeka kuti "Destierro" (Kusamuka). Vinthu ivi vikuyanako na ivyo munthu munyake wankhongono zina lake - Nikis Nkonde -  wakachita ndipo vikulongora kuti boma la Cuba lika?alayizga vinthu vyawaka ?anthu ?ake apo likachitanga vinthu vyautesi. Na cinthu ici, Tania wakucema ?anthu ?a ku Cuba kuti ?acitepo kanthu na kupempha boma la ku Cuba kuti licite ivyo la?alayizga.

Mu 2002, Bruguera wakambiska Catedra Arte de Conducta (Sukulu ya Maluso gha Nkharo) ku Havana kuti wapeleke malo ghakusambizgirako vya maluso ghanyake mu caru ca Cuba. Catedra iyi yika?a na mulimo wa kusambizga ?awukirano ?a ku Cuba maluso ghakupambanapambana, na kulongora umo maluso ghangagwilira nchito kuti ghasinthe maghanoghano gha ?anthu. Kweniso, Catedra yingapulikikwa nga ni mulimo wa luso mu nthowa ya maboma kususka, social mchitidwe, panji parasitism, na Bruguera reformulating maboma frameworks wa Cuban national art sukulu, the Havana Biennial, ndipo ndalama-ndi-nkongono-fueled mayiko luso dera kuti unintended vilato. Pakugwiliskira nchito malo agho waka?a, Bruguera wakawovwira ?asambiri ?ake kuti ?a?e na nkharo yiwemi mwa ku?alongoraso milimo yawo pa Havana Bienal".

Bruguera wakaluta ku Havana ku Havana Biennial of Tatlin's Whisper #6 2009 ndipo wakapangiska kuti ?anthu ?ayowoye vinandi. Pa nyengo iyo ?akacitanga cinthu ici, Bruguera waka?ika maikolofoni na kuphalira ?anthu kuti ?ayowoyenge cilicose ico ?akukhumba kwa miniti yimoza. ?anthu awo ?akavwaranga vyakuvwara vya ?asilikari ?aka?ikanga tuyuni tuchokotuchoko pa vi?egha vya waliyose uyo wakayowoyanga nkhani, kulongora kuti ?akakumbukiranga ivyo vikacitika apo nkhunda yikakhala pa vi?egha vya Fidel Castro apo wakayowoyanga nkhani yakulongosora kuti watonda pa nkhondo mu Janyuwale 1959. ?anandi awo ?aka?apo pa ungano uwu ?akayowoya mazgu ghakuti "ufulu" na "demokirasi". Yumoza wa ?anthu a?a waka?a Yoani Sanchez, uyo ni mulembi wa mabulogu. ^{[14] [15] [16]} Boma la ku Cuba likayowoya kuti likususka ivi ndipo likati "ichi ntchiyezgo chakukhozga soni na chambura kuzomerezgeka ku ?anthu awo ?akutemwa kujambura vinthu ndipo chikukwiyiska ?anthu ?a ku Cuba na ?a ku vyaru vinyake awo ?akiza kuzakalongora kuti ?akukolerana na boma". ^{[14] [17]}

IMu 2011, Bruguera adayamba kugwira ntchito pa Immigrant Movement International, ntchito yojambulidwa m'magawo ambiri yomwe ikuyembekezeka kupitilira mu 2015. Mu 2011, Bruguera wakamba kukhala mu nyumba yichoko ku Corona, Queens, na ?anthu ?ankhondi ?akufuma ku vyaru vinyake na ?ana ?awo. Iyo wakakhumbanga kumanya masuzgo agho ?anthu awo ?ali na vikalata vyambura kuzomerezgeka ?akukumana nagho para ?akukhumba kusanga ndalama zinandi yayi kweniso para ?alije inshuwalansi. Mulimo uwu ukacitikanga na Queens Museum of Art na gulu la ?anthu awo ?akakhumbanga kusanga ndalama yayi lakucemeka Creative Time. Mulimo uwu uka?angaso wa kujura sitoro ku New York, uko Bruguera wakakhumbanga kuti wacitiskenge masambiro gha luso ku ?anthu ?akufuma ku vyaru vinyake, kweni wakasanga kuti ?anthu ?anandi awo ?akizanga ku sitoro iyi ?akakhumbanga kusambira Cingelezi panji kusanga nchito.

Mu chaka cha 2012, wakalemba buku la Surplus Value, ilo lika?a chiga?a cha pulogiramu ya Immigrant Movement International ku Tate Modern. Kuti ?anjire mu cipinda ca Surplus Value, ?alendo ?akalindiliranga pa mzere utali, ndipo ?akakhumbikwiranga kupimika na makina ghakupimira utesi. Pa malo agha paka?a vimanyikwiro vinayi vyakuyana na ivyo vika?a mu misasa yakuyuzgirako ?anthu ya Nazi.

Mu chaka cha 2013, wakambiska pulogiramu ya The Museum of Arte Util mu mgwirizano na Queens Museum of Art ku New York na Van Abbemuseum ku Eindhoven (NL). Mu Cisipanishi, lizgu lakuti Arte Util likung'anamura luso, kweni likung'anamuraso luso panji cinthu cinyake. Arte Util wakughanaghana, kulenga na kufiska vinthu ivyo vikovwira ?anthu. Nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale ya Arte Util yikapangika na gulu la Asociacion de Arte Util, ilo ni gulu la ?anthu ?akufuma mu vyaru vinyake. Alistair Hudson, uyo ni mulara wa sukulu ya Middlesbrough Institute of Modern Art (MIMA) na Bruguera ndiwo ?akulongozga gulu ili.

Mu chaka cha 2017, Bruguera wakajipharazga kuti wa?e mulembi wa chisankho cha pulezidenti wa ku Cuba mu chaka cha 2018 mu vidiyo yakuchemeka #YoMePropongo en Cuba. Mu pulogiramu iyi, wakufumba ?anthu kuti ?aghanaghanire ivyo ?angacita kuti ?azaka?e na umoyo uwemi munthazi ku Cuba usange ?angasankhika ku?a pulezidenti. M'paka sono, Bruguera wapokera mavidiyo 70 kufuma ku ?anthu ?a ku Cuba awo ?akukhumba kusintha boma la vimbundi ili, kuti ?a?ape nyumba zakukwana, kweniso kuti ?asinthe vinthu pa nkhani ya ndalama.

Mu chaka cha 2018, wakapokera ntchito ya ku Tate Modern's Turbine Hall. Pa malo agha, Bruguera wakabenekelera ciga?a cinyake ca pasi na malangi ghafipa. Para ?alendo ?akhala panji kugona pa malo agha, ?akawonanga cithuzithuzi cikuru ca munthu uyo wakacimbira ku Syria. Catherine Wood, uyo wakonkheska malo agha, wakalongosora kuti: "Mukucema ?anthu kuti ?acitepo kanthu, cifukwa palije ico mungacita kuti muwonenge cithuzithuzi ici kwambura kukolerana na ?anthu ?anandi".

Mu chaka cha 2021, nyumba yakusungiramo vinthu vyakale ya Perez Art Museum ku Miami yikagura ntchito ya Bruguera ya El peso de la culpa (The Burden of Guilt). ^{[18] [19]}

Bruguera wakaluta ku malo ghanandi ghakupambanapambana, kusazgapo Documenta 11 (2002), Documenta fifteen (2022), Bienal Iberoamericana ku Lima, Peru (2002), Istanbul Biennial (2003), Shanghai Biennale (2004), na Gwangju Biennale ku Gwangju, Korea (2008). Ntchito zake zili mu nyumba zakusungiramo vinthu vya ?anthu ?anandi pa charu chose, kusazgapo Museum of Modern Art na Bronx Museum of the Arts ku New York na Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana. ^[3]

Activism [ lemba | kulemba source ]

Bruguera wakakakika na kufumiskika katatu mu nyengo ya Disembala 2014 mpaka Janyuwale 2015 chifukwa cha kupanga chiwonetsero ku Plaza de la Revolucion ku Havana. Iyo wakakakika pamoza na ?anthu ?anyake ?a ku Cuba, awo ?akakhumbanga kuti vinthu visinthe, awo ?akalembanga mabulogu, na awo ?akalembanga nkhani mu nyuzipepara, awo ?akalondezganga kampeni ya 'Yo Tambien Exijo.' Kampeni iyi yikamba pa Disembala 17, 2014, apo Raul Castro na Barack Obama ?akapharazga kuti ?a?eso paubwezi na caru ca Cuba, ndipo ivi vingapangiska kuti nkhondo iyo yili ku?apo kwa vyaka 50 yimare. ?anthu ?akwamba kukakika pa Ci?iri, Disembala 30, pamasinda pakuti Bruguera wapharazga kuti wacitenge mase?ero gha pa wumba na cilato cakuti wa?aleke ?anthu ?a ku Cuba kuti ?ayowoye maghanoghano ghawo mwakufwatuka. Mulimo uwu ukacemeka kuti Tatlin's wisper #6  ?  Havana Version, ndipo ukacitikapo kale mu 2009 pa nyengo ya 10th Havana Biennial. Mu nyengo ya Tatlin's Whisper #5 (2008), ?anthu awo ?aka?apo pa chiphikiro ichi ?akasangana na ?apolisi awo ?akakweranga pa mahachi. ^[9]

?anthu ?anandi ?akayowoyapo nkhani iyi mu manyuzipepara ^{[20] [21] [22] [23] [24]} ndipo ?anthu ?akujumpha 1,000 pa caru cose ?akalemba na kusayinira kalata yakukhozgera Tania iyo yikalembekera Raul Castro. Kalata iyi yikayowoya kuti: "Tikugomezga kuti kumukaka na kukanizga pasipoti yake ya ku Cuba, ni nthowa zambura kwenelera zakucitira vinthu na munthu uyo wakakhumbanga waka kuti ?anthu ?ayowoyepo". Pamanyuma ?akamufumiska ndipo boma la Cuba likamuwezgera pasipoti yake pa Julayi 10, 2015, myezi 6 kufuma apo ?akayipokelera.

Mu Disembala 2015, Bruguera wakapharazga kuti wangaweleraso ku Cuba. Iyo wakati apo waka?a mu jele wakazomera kuti wafumenge pekha para wapika vinthu vi?iri: kuti awo ?akakolerana nayo yayi na boma awo ?akakakika pamasinda pakuti wawonelerapo ivyo wakacita pa Revolution Square ?afumiskike; ndiposo kuti boma la Cuba limupeko kalata yakusachizga kuti wawelerenge ku Cuba.

Pa 3 March, 2016, iye wakambiska kampeni ya Kickstarter kuti wasange ndalama za INSTAR (Institute of Artivism Hannah Arendt). Wupu uwu ukukhumba kuti ?anthu ?a?e paubwezi, ?acitenge vinthu mwamtende kweniso mwamahara para vinthu vyasuzga, kweniso kuti ?anthu awo ?ali na maghanoghano ghakupambana pa nkhani ya ndyali ?akumanenge pamoza kuti ?azenge caru ciwemi. Awo ?akalemba pulogiramu iyi ?akaphalirika kuti ?apeleke uthenga wawo ku boma la Cuba apo Bruguera wakanizgikanga.

Mu Okutobala 2017, Tania Bruguera wakapharazga kuti wazamupharazga nga ni "Purezidenti wa ku Cuba", para Pulezidenti Raul Castro (munyamata wa Fidel Castro) wafumapo pa udindo. Bruguera wakayowoya kuti mulimo wa kuseka uwu ni mulimo wa kuvumbura kuti Cuba ni boma la chipani chimoza ilo ?anthu ?akulisora yayi. Iyo wakugomezga kuti wasinthenge vinthu mwa kuvumbura unenesko uwu, na kuwuskapo cikhaliro ca wofi.

Bruguera wakakakika mu Disembala 2018 pambere wandachite chipharazgo chakususkana na dango la ku Cuba (Docree 349) ilo likukhumba kuti awo ?akucita vyakusanguluska ?apemphe boma kuti li?apenge malaisensi. Pa Disembala 6, 2018, Bruguera wakafumiskika mu jele pamanyuma pa mazu?a ghatatu pamoza na ?anthu ?anyake 12 awo ?akakanizganga ?anthu kugwiliskira nchito vinthu vyakupambanapambana. Ndipouli, mudumbu wake wakaphalira nyuzipepara ya The Art Newspaper kuti boma la Cuba likumujalira mu nyumba ndipo likukhumba kuti wamukome. Bruguera wakadandawura ku boma la ku Cuba kuti likamuyowoyera vyauzeleza pamasinda pakusindikizga nkhani izo zikakhumbanga "kumu?inya [mwanakazi uyu] na mbumba yake, mu maghanoghano, mu umoyo, na mu nchito yake". Nkhani izi zika?a mu nyuzipepara ya Gramma, Razones de Cuba, na La Jiribilla.

Mu Okutobala 2020, Bruguera wakadandawura kuti wakapulikanga vyaku?inya vinandi chifukwa cha kupoma uko wakapulika mu nyumba yake ku Havana. ^[25] Vimanyikwiro vya matenda agha vikuyana waka na ivyo vikucitika para munthu wali na nthenda ya ku Havana.

Ukaboni [ lemba | kulemba source ]

Viga?a vya kuwalo [ lemba | kulemba source ]

• Art21 episode featuring Tania Bruguera https://art21.org/artist/tania-bruguera/
• Dignity Does Not Rest: An Interview with Tania Bruguera, MoMA Magazine
• Tania Bruguera, Untitled (Havana 2000) at The Museum of Modern Art
• Hear Bruguera speak about her work Untitled (Havana 2000)
• Official webpage of the artist
• Interview with Paul O'neil in Bomb Magazine
• Tania Bruguera: the more the secret police torture me, the better my art gets, The Guardian
• Tania Bruguera: Yale World Follows
• Tania Bruguera: Rebel with a Cause Archived 2016-05-01 at the Wayback Machine