Peter Medawar

Sir Peter Medawar
Sir Peter Medawar
	Peter Medawar
Do?um	28 ?ubat 1915 ; Petropolis , Brezilya
Olum	2 Ekim 1987 (72 ya?ında) ; Londra , Birle?ik Krallık
Mezun oldu?u okul(lar)	University of Oxford
Oduller	Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Odulu (1960)
Kariyeri
Dalı	Zooloji ; ?mmunoloji
Calı?tı?ı kurumlar	Birmingham University ; University College London ; National Institute for Medical Research
Doktora o?rencileri	Rupert E. Billingham , Avrion Mitchison

Sir Peter Brian Medawar (d. 28 ?ubat 1915 - o. 2 Ekim 1987), Brezilyalı / ?ngiliz biyolog. Graft reddi ve kazanılmı? immun tolerans ile ilgili ke?ifleri organ nakli uygulamalarında onemli bir yer edinmi?tir. 1960 yılında Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Odulu 'ne Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet ile birlikte layık goruldu. ^[1]

Biyografisi [ de?i?tir | kayna?ı de?i?tir ]

Medawar, 28 ?ubat 1915 yılında Petropolis , Brezilya 'da ( Rio de Janeiro yakınlarında bir kasaba) Lubnan 'lı bir baba ve Brezilyalı bir annenin o?lu olarak dunyaya geldi. ?ngiliz vatanda?lı?ı unvanını do?umda elde etti. Bir konu?masında ?oyle demi?tir: "Benim do?umum ?ngiliz Konsoloslu?u'nda kaydedilmi? ve boylece ?ngiliz statusu aldım.". ^[2] Medawar ve ailesi 1918 yılında Brezilya'yı terkedip ?ngiltere'ye ta?ındı ve hayatlarının geri kalanını burada gecirdiler.

Medawar burada Marlborough College ve Magdalen College , Oxford 'da e?itim gordu.

Medawar, University of Birmingham (1947-51) ve University College London 'da (1951-62) zooloji profesoru olarak calı?tı. 1962 yılında Ulusal Tıbbi Ara?tırma Enstitusu 'ne direktor olarak atandı.

Kaynakca [ de?i?tir | kayna?ı de?i?tir ]

^ "Nobel biyografisi" . 10 Mart 2015 tarihinde kayna?ından ar?ivlendi . Eri?im tarihi: 7 Mart 2012 .
^ Medawar P.B. 1986. Memoirs of a thinking radish: an autobiography . Oxford. p5

Kaynakca [ de?i?tir | kayna?ı de?i?tir ]

Simpson, Elizabeth (Aralık 2004). "Reminiscences of Sir Peter Medawar: in hope of antigen-specific transplantation tolerance". Am. J. Transplant . 4 (12). ss. 1937-40. doi : 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00687.x . PMID 15575894 .
Billington, W David (Ekim 2003). "The immunological problem of pregnancy: 50 years with the hope of progress. A tribute to Peter Medawar". J. Reprod. Immunol . 60 (1). ss. 1-11. doi : 10.1016/S0165-0378(03)00083-4 . PMID 14568673 .
Kyle, Robert A (Nisan 2003). "Peter Medawar--discoverer of immunologic tolerance". Mayo Clin. Proc. 78 (4). ss. 401, 403. doi : 10.4065/78.4.401 . PMID 12683691 .
Charlesworth, B (Kasım 2000). "Fisher, Medawar, Hamilton and the evolution of aging". Genetics . 156 (3). ss. 927-31. PMC 1461325  $2 . PMID 11063673 .
Raju, T N (Haziran 1999). "The Nobel chronicles. 1960: Sir Frank Macfarlance Burnet (1899-1985), and Sir Peter Brian Medawar (1915-87)". Lancet . 353 (9171). s. 2253. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)76313-3 . PMID 10393027 .
Rapaport, F T (1999). "Medawar Prize Lecture, 15 July 1998. The contribution of human subjects to experimental transplantation: the HLA story". Transplant. Proc . 31 (1?2). ss. 60-6. doi : 10.1016/S0041-1345(98)02092-2 . PMID 10083012 .
Medawar, J (1999). "Reminiscences of Peter Medawar". Transplant. Proc . 31 (1?2). s. 49. doi : 10.1016/S0041-1345(98)02066-1 . PMID 10083008 .
Terasaki, P (1997). "1996 Medawar Prize Lecture". Transplant. Proc . 29 (1?2). ss. 33-8. doi : 10.1016/S0041-1345(96)00005-X . PMID 9123024 .
Starzl, T E (Mart 1995). "PETER BRIAN MEDAWAR: FATHER OF TRANSPLANTATION". J. Am. Coll. Surg. 180 (3). ss. 332-6. PMC 2681237  $2 . PMID 7874344 .
Brent, L (Eylul 1992). "Sir Peter Brian Medawar (28 February 1915-2 October 1987)" . Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society . 136 (3). ss. 439-41. PMID 11623082 .

Hamilton, D (Nisan 1989). "Peter Medawar and clinical transplantation" . Immunol. Lett . 21 (1). ss. 9-13. doi : 10.1016/0165-2478(89)90004-7 . PMID 2656517 .
Gowans, J L (Nisan 1989). "Peter Medawar: his life and work" . Immunol. Lett . 21 (1). ss. 5-8. doi : 10.1016/0165-2478(89)90003-5 . PMID 2656514 .
Taylor, R.M.R. (Nisan 1989). "Articles based on presentations at the Sir Peter Medawar Memorial Symposium. London, 5 December and 6th, 1988" . Immunol. Lett . 21 (1). ss. 1-99. doi : 10.1016/0165-2478(89)90002-3 . PMID 2656507 .
Monaco, A P (?ubat 1989). "The legacy of Sir Peter Medawar". Transplant. Proc . 21 (1 Pt 1). ss. 1-4. PMID 2650059 .
Tanner, J (1988). "Sir Peter Medawar 1915-1987". Ann. Hum. Biol . 15 (1). s. 89. doi : 10.1080/03014468800009501 . PMID 3279900 .
Billingham, R E (Ocak 1988). "In memoriam. Sir Peter Medawar--February 18, 1915-October 2, 1987". Transplantation (journal) . 45 (1). ss. preceding 1. doi : 10.1097/00007890-198801000-00001 . PMID 3276037 .
Simpson, E (Ocak 1988). "Sir Peter Medawar 1915-1987". Immunol. Today . 9 (1). ss. 4-6. doi : 10.1016/0167-5699(88)91344-8 . PMID 3076758 .
Melnick, M (1988). "Peter Medawar--scientific meliorist". J. Craniofac. Genet. Dev. Biol . 8 (1). ss. 1-2. PMID 3062035 .
Moller, G (Aralık 1987). "Sir Peter Medawar, 1915-1987". Immunol. Rev . Cilt 100. ss. 9-10. doi : 10.1111/j.1600-065X.1987.tb00525.x . PMID 3326829 .
Mitchison, N A (1987). "Sir Peter Medawar (1915-1987)". Nature . 330 (6144). s. 112. doi : 10.1038/330112a0 . PMID 3313060 .
"Peter Brian Medawar". Cell. Immunol . 62 (2). A?ustos 1981. ss. 235-42. doi : 10.1016/0008-8749(81)90319-1 . PMID 7026052 .
Lawrence, H (A?ustos 1981). "Advances in immunology: a meeting in honor of Sir Peter Medawar". Cell. Immunol . 62 (2). ss. 233-310. doi : 10.1016/0008-8749(81)90318-X . PMID 7026051 .
Guntrip, H (Eylul 1978). "Psychoanalysis and some scientific and philosophical critics: (Dr Eliot Slater, Sir Peter Medawar and Sir Karl Popper)". The British journal of medical psychology . 51 (3). ss. 207-24. doi : 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1978.tb02466.x . PMID 356870 .
Kenez, J (Nisan 1975). "[Medawar and organ transplantation]". Orvosi hetilap . 116 (16). ss. 931-4. PMID 1090878 .
Sulek, K (Mart 1969). "[Nobel prize for F. M. Burnett and P. B. Medawar in 1960 for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance]". Wiad. Lek . 22 (5). ss. 505-6. PMID 4892417 .
"Sir Peter Brian Medawar". Triangle; the Sandoz journal of medical science . 9 (2). 1969. ss. 79-80. PMID 4939701 .

Dı? ba?lantılar [ de?i?tir | kayna?ı de?i?tir ]

Magdalen College Oxford, biography of Peter Medawar
Biography on Nobel Prize website 20 Temmuz 2008 tarihinde Wayback Machine sitesinde ar?ivlendi .

[1] "Nobel biyografisi" . 10 Mart 2015 tarihinde kayna?ından ar?ivlendi . Eri?im tarihi: 7 Mart 2012 .

[2] Medawar P.B. 1986. Memoirs of a thinking radish: an autobiography . Oxford. p5

[1]

[2]

g t d Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Odulu sahipleri
1901-1925	Emil Behring (1901) Ronald Ross (1902) Niels Finsen (1903) ?van Pavlov (1904) Robert Koch (1905) Camillo Golgi / Santiago Ramon y Cajal (1906) Alphonse Laveran (1907) ?lya Mecnikov / Paul Ehrlich (1908) Emil Kocher (1909) Albrecht Kossel (1910) Allvar Gullstrand (1911) Alexis Carrel (1912) Charles Robert Richet (1913) Robert Barany (1914) Jules Bordet (1919) August Krogh (1920) Archibald Hill / Otto Meyerhof (1922) Frederick Banting / John Macleod (1923) Willem Einthoven (1924)
1926-1950	Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger (1926) Julius Wagner-Jauregg (1927) Charles Nicolle (1928) Christiaan Eijkman / Frederick Gowland Hopkins (1929) Karl Landsteiner (1930) Otto Warburg (1931) Charles Scott Sherrington / Edgar Adrian (1932) Thomas Morgan (1933) George Whipple / George Minot / William Murphy (1934) Hans Spemann (1935) Henry Dale / Otto Loewi (1936) Albert Szent-Gyorgyi (1937) Corneille Heymans (1938) Gerhard Domagk (1939) Henrik Dam / Edward Doisy (1943) Joseph Erlanger / Herbert Gasser (1944) Alexander Fleming / Ernst Chain / Howard Walter Florey (1945) Hermann Muller (1946) Carl Cori / Gerty Theresa Cori / Bernardo Houssay (1947) Paul Muller (1948) Walter Hess / Antonio Egas Moniz (1949) Edward Kendall / Tadeus Reichstein / Philip Hench (1950)
1951-1975	Max Theiler (1951) Selman Abraham Waksman (1952) Hans Krebs / Fritz Lipmann (1953) John Enders / Thomas Weller / Frederick Robbins (1954) Hugo Theorell (1955) Andre Cournand / Werner Forssmann / Dickinson Woodruff Richards (1956) Daniel Bovet (1957) George Beadle / Edward Tatum / Joshua Lederberg (1958) Severo Ochoa / Arthur Kornberg (1959) Frank Burnet / Peter Medawar (1960) Georg von Bekesy (1961) Francis Crick / James Dewey Watson / Maurice Wilkins (1962) John Eccles / Alan Hodgkin / Andrew Huxley (1963) Konrad Bloch / Feodor Lynen (1964) Francois Jacob / Andre Lwoff / Jacques Monod (1965) Francis Rous / Charles B. Huggins (1966) Ragnar Granit / Haldan Hartline / George Wald (1967) Robert William Holley / Har Khorana / Marshall Nirenberg (1968) Max Delbruck / Alfred Hershey / Salvador Edward Luria (1969) Bernard Katz / Ulf von Euler / Julius Axelrod (1970) Earl Sutherland, Jr. (1971) Gerald Edelman / Rodney Porter (1972) Karl von Frisch / Konrad Lorenz / Nikolaas Tinbergen (1973) Albert Claude / Christian de Duve / George Palade (1974) David Baltimore / Renato Dulbecco / Howard Temin (1975)
1976-2000	Baruch Blumberg / Daniel Gajdusek (1976) Roger Guillemin / Andrew Schally / Rosalyn Yalow (1977) Werner Arber / Daniel Nathans / Hamilton O. Smith (1978) Allan Cormack / Godfrey Hounsfield (1979) Baruj Benacerraf / Jean Dausset / George Snell (1980) Roger Sperry / David H. Hubel / Torsten N. Wiesel (1981) Sune Bergstrom / Bengt I. Samuelsson / John Robert Vane (1982) Barbara McClintock (1983) Niels Jerne / Georges Kohler / Cesar Milstein (1984) Michael Brown / Joseph L. Goldstein (1985) Stanley Cohen / Rita Levi-Montalcini (1986) Susumu Tonegawa (1987) James W. Black / Gertrude B. Elion / George H. Hitchings (1988) J. Michael Bishop / Harold E. Varmus (1989) Joseph Murray / E. Donnall Thomas (1990) Erwin Neher / Bert Sakmann (1991) Edmond Fischer / Edwin G. Krebs (1992) Richard J. Roberts / Phillip Sharp (1993) Alfred G. Gilman / Martin Rodbell (1994) Edward B. Lewis / Christiane Nusslein-Volhard / Eric F. Wieschaus (1995) Peter C. Doherty / Rolf M. Zinkernagel (1996) Stanley B. Prusiner (1997) Robert F. Furchgott / Louis Ignarro / Ferid Murad (1998) Gunter Blobel (1999) Arvid Carlsson / Paul Greengard / Eric Kandel (2000)
2001-gunumuz	Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse (2001) Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John E. Sulston (2002) Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield (2003) Richard Axel / Linda B. Buck (2004) Barry Marshall / Robin Warren (2005) Andrew Z. Fire / Craig C. Mello (2006) Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies (2007) Harald zur Hausen / Luc Montagnier / Francoise Barre-Sinoussi (2008) Elizabeth Blackburn / Carol W. Greider / Jack Szostak (2009) Robert G. Edwards (2010) Bruce Beutler / Jules A. Hoffmann / Ralph M. Steinman ( olumunden sonra ) (2011) John Gurdon / Shinya Yamanaka (2012) James Rothman / Randy Schekman / Thomas C. Sudhof (2013) John O'Keefe / May-Britt Moser / Edvard Moser (2014) William C. Campbell / Satoshi ?mura / Tu Youyou (2015) Yoshinori Ohsumi (2016) Jeffrey C. Hall / Michael Rosbash / Michael W. Young (2017) James P. Allison / Tasuku Honjo (2018) Gregg L. Semenza / Peter J. Ratcliffe / William Kaelin (2019) Harvey J. Alter / Michael Houghton / Charles M. Rice (2020) David Julius / Artem Pataputyan (2021) Svante Paabo (2022) Katalin Kariko / Drew Weissman (2023)