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Universal Studios'un giri?i
Universal Pictures
, 30 Nisan 1912'de Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane ve Jules Brulatour tarafından kurulan bir film studyosudur.
- Bruck, Connie.
When Hollywood Had a King
. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.
- Drinkwater, John.
The Life and Adventures of Carl Laemmle
. G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1931, illustrated.
- Forest Lawn Hollywood Hills
- map
Providencial and Water Development
- Los Angeles Library Photo Collection "Bird-Eye View of Universal City" 1911
- Los Angeles Library Photo Collection "Nestor Studios" .
- Mordden, Ethan.
The Hollywood Studios
. New York: Fireside, 1989.
- McDougal, Dennis.
The Last Mogul: Lew Wasserman, MCA and the Hidden History of Hollywood
. New York: Crown Publishers, 1998.
- Schatz, Thomas.
The Genius of the System
. New York: Pantheon Books, 1989.
- Sklar, Robert.
Movie-Made America
. New York: Vintage, 1994.