????????????????

????????????????
??????	???????????? (1986?2016) ; ??????? (2016?????????)
??????	??????? (1986?2003) ; ????????? (2003?2016) ; ???????? (2016?????????)
???????	Evgeny Lebedev (41%) ; Sultan Muhammad Abuljadayel (30%) ; Justin Byam Shaw (26%) ; ????????????????? (3%)
??????????	Independent Digital News & Media Ltd
??????????	Christian Broughton
????????????	7 ?????? 1986 ; 37 ??????
?????????????????	???????? ; ?????????????
????????????	Northcliffe House ????????? ?????? ?????????????
???????????????????	The Independent on Sunday (1990?2016) ; i (2010?2013) ; indy100 (???????????????; 2013?????????)
?????????????? (ISSN)	1741-9743
OCLC number	185201487
????????	independent .co .uk

???????????????? ( ?????? : The Independent ) ???? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ?.?. 1986 ???????????? ??????? ????????????????? ????????? ?? ?.?. 2003 ^[5] ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 26 ?????? ?.?. 2016 ??????????????????????? ^[6]

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? (British Press Awards) ?? ?.?. 2004

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Ruddick, Graham (4 ??????? 2017). "Saudi ties raise doubts about Independent's editorial freedom" . The Guardian .
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rajan, Amol (29 ??????? 2017). "Is the Independent still independent?" . BBC News .
↑ "Our Story" . The Independent . ???? ????????????????? 18 ???????? 2022 . ??????????? 2 ?????? 2019 .
↑ Richard Rudin (13 ??????? 2011). Broadcasting in the 21st Century . Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-230-01317-9 . OCLC 148678575 . ...and a man with impeccable liberal credentials, being a former editor of the liberal?left newspaper The Independent.
↑ " 'The Independent' launches tabloid version to give readers a choice" . The Independent . London. 27 ??????? 2003. ???? ????????????????? 18 ???????? 2022.
↑ "Independent to cease as print edition" . BBC News . 12 ?????????? 2016 . ??????????? 12 ?????????? 2016 .

??????????????? [ ??? ]

?????????????? ( ????????????????? )
???????????????? ??? ????? (?????????)

?????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[guardian-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Ruddick, Graham (4 ??????? 2017). "Saudi ties raise doubts about Independent's editorial freedom" . The Guardian .

[BBC_is_ind-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rajan, Amol (29 ??????? 2017). "Is the Independent still independent?" . BBC News .

[liberalism1-3] "Our Story" . The Independent . ???? ????????????????? 18 ???????? 2022 . ??????????? 2 ?????? 2019 .

[liberalLeft-4] Richard Rudin (13 ??????? 2011). Broadcasting in the 21st Century . Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-230-01317-9 . OCLC 148678575 . ...and a man with impeccable liberal credentials, being a former editor of the liberal?left newspaper The Independent.

[5] " 'The Independent' launches tabloid version to give readers a choice" . The Independent . London. 27 ??????? 2003. ???? ????????????????? 18 ???????? 2022.

[BBC_ind_stop-6] "Independent to cease as print edition" . BBC News . 12 ?????????? 2016 . ??????????? 12 ?????????? 2016 .

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