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????????????????? - ?????????? ?????????????

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(????????????? Eudicots )

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??????????????????????: Early Cretaceous - Recent
Rhododendron simsii , ?????????????????
?????????????????????????? แก้ไขการจำแนกนี้
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Clades ( APG III )

????????????????? ???? Eudicots , Eudicotidae ???? Eudicotyledons ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ?.?. 2534 ??? James A. Doyle ??? Carol L. Hotton ????????????????????????????????????????????????? [1] ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? 70% ??????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ????????? APG ??? APG II

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?????????????????????????????????: ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? [2] ?????????????????????????????????????????? - Pentapetalae - ???????????????????????????????????????? Gunnerales - ????????? Gunnerales . [3]

Pentapetalae ??????????????????:

???????????????????????????????????? " rosids " (?????????????? "eu?") ???" asterids " (?????????????? "eu?").


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  1. Endress, Peter K. (Oct. - Dec., 2002). "Morphology and Angiosperm Systematics in the Molecular Era". Botanical Review . Structural Botany in Systematics: A Symposium inMemory of William C. Dickison. 68 (4). {{ cite journal }} : |access-date= ??????? |url= ( help ) ; ??????????????????: |date= ( help )
  2. Worberg A, Quandt D, Barniske A-M, Lohne C, Hilu KW, Borsch T (2007) Phylogeny of basal eudicots: insights from non-coding and rapidly evolving DNA. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution 7 (1), 55-77.
  3. Moore MJ, Soltis PS, Bell CD, Burleigh JG, Soltis DE (2010) Phylogenetic analysis of 83 plastid genes further resolves the early diversification of eudicots. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA
  • Doyle, J. A. & Hotton, C. L. Diversification of early angiosperm pollen in a cladistic context. pp. 169?195 in Pollen and Spores. Patterns of Diversification (eds Blackmore, S. & Barnes, S. H.) (Clarendon, Oxford, 1991).
  • Walter S. Judd and Richard G. Olmstead (2004). "A survey of tricolpate (eudicot) phylogenetic relationships". American Journal of Botany . 91 (10): 1627?1644. doi : 10.3732/ajb.91.10.1627 . PMID   21652313 . ( full text ???????? 2009-08-08 ??? ?????????????? )
  • Eudicots in Stevens, P. F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website . Version 7, May 2006.

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