????????

???????????????????????
??????????????????????? Heimatblock
???????	??????? ?.?. 1930
??????	27 ??????? ?.?. 1933
?????????	???????????????? ; ?????????????????????????? ; ?????????????
??????	??????? ??? ??????
??????????? ( ?.?. 1930 )	8 / 165 (5%)
	???????????????? ; ??????????????????? ; ????????????

????????
?????????	???????????????
???????	??????? ?.?. 1920
??????????	??????? ????????
????	?????? ?.?. 1936
??????	????????????????
????????????	??????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????-???????????????????? ; ??????????????????????? ;
????????????????	???????????????????? 1
??????	400,000 ??????????? (?.?. 1929)
???????????	???????? ???????? ; ????????? ??????

???????? ( ??????? : Heimwehr ; ?????? ?????????????????? ) ???? ?????????? ( ??????? : Heimatschutz ; ?????? ????????????????????????? ) ^[6] ?????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?.?. 1918-1919 ??? ?.?. 1936 ^[7] ????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ^[8] ???????????????????? ????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[9] ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ???????????????????????????? ^[7]

?????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????? 1 ?????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ????????? ^[10] ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ^[11] ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????? ^[12] ?????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????-??????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? ??????????????????????????????????????? ^[13] ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[13] ????????? ??????????????????? ? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[14]

???????????????? 1920 ???????????????????????????????????? (400,000 ???????????) ??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ??????? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????? ????????? ^[15] ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ?.?. 1918?1921 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ?.?. 1921?1927 ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1927?1929 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1929?1930 ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1936 ^[16]

?????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1 ??????? ?.?. 1934 ^[15]

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ Bundesgesetz uber die ?Vaterlandische Front". In: BGBl 1936/160. Wien 20. Mai 1936 ( Online auf ALEX ).
↑ "Kako se je Rudolf Maister boril za severno mejo" . Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija . ??????????? 21 April 2016 .
↑ Edmondson 1978 , p. 70.
↑ Badie, Bertrand ; Berg-Schlosser, Dirk ; Morlino, Leonardo , ?.?. (7 September 2011). International Encyclopedia of Political Science . SAGE Publications (??????? 2011). ISBN 9781483305394 . ??????????? 9 September 2020 . [...] fascist Italy [...] developed a state structure known as the corporate state with the ruling party acting as a mediator between 'corporations' making up the body of the nation. Similar designs were quite popular elsewhere in the 1930s. The most prominent examples were Estado Novo in Portugal (1932-1968) and Brazil (1937-1945), the Austrian Standestaat (1933-1938), and authoritarian experiments in Estonia, Romania, and some other countries of East and East-Central Europe.
↑ R.J.B. Bosworth, The Oxford Handbook of Fascism, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 439
↑ Jelavich, Barbara (1987). Modern Austria : Empire & Republic 1815-1986 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 182. ISBN 0-521-31625-1 .
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Edmondson 1978 , p. 2.
↑ Macartney 1929 , p. 631.
↑ Macartney 1929 , pp. 631?632.
↑ Biles 1979 , p. 4.
↑ Edmondson 1978 , p. 5.
↑ Edmondson 1978 , p. 6.
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 Edmondson 1978 , p. 7.
↑ Kondert 1972 , p. iv.
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 Kondert 1972 , p. ii.
↑ Kondert 1972 , p. iii.

?????????? [ ??? ]

Biles, Gloria C. (1979). Johann Schober's solutions for Austria's domestic problems, (September 26, 1929-September 25, 1930) (pdf) (???????????) (??????????). Rice University. OCLC 7881123 .
Carsten, F. L. (1977). Fascist movements in Austria : from Schonerer to Hitler (??????????). Sage Publications. p. 356 . ISBN 9780803999923 .
Brook-Shepherd, Gordon (1996). The Austrians: a thousand-year odyssey. HarperCollins. pp. 261. ISBN 0-00-638255-X .
Gehl, Jurgen (1963). Austria, Germany, and the Anschluss, 1931-1938 (??????????). Oxford University Press .
Edmondson, Clifton Earl (1972). "Early Heimwehr Aims and Activities" . Austrian History Yearbook . 8 : 105-147.
Edmondson, Clifton Earl (1978). The Heimwehr and Austrian politics, 1918-1936 (??????????). University of Georgia Press. p. 5-70. ISBN 9780820304373 .
Gulick, Charles Adams (1948). Austria from Habsburg to Hitler, volume 1 (??????????). University of California Press . p. 771. OCLC 312153572 .
Jedlicka, Ludwig (1966). "The Austrian Heimwehr" . Journal of Contemporary History . 1 (1): 127-144.
Jelavich, Barbara (1989). Modern Austria: Empire & Republic 1815-1986 (??????????). Cambridge University Press . p. 182 . ISBN 0521316251 .
Kitchen, Martin (1980). The coming of Austrian fascism (??????????). Croom Helm. p. 299. ISBN 9780709901334 .
Kondert, Reinhart (1972). The rise and early history of the Austrian Heimwehr (pdf) (???????????) (??????????). Rice University. OCLC 12060937 .
Macartney, C. A. (1929). "The Armed Formations in Austria" . Journal of the Royal Institute of International Affairs . 8 (6): 617-632.
Pauley, Bruce F. (1979). "Fascism and the Fuhrerprinzip: The Austrian Example" . Central European History . 12 (3): 272-296.
Pauley, Bruce F. (1976). "A Case Study in Fascism: The Styrian Heimatschutz and Austrian National Socialism" . Austrian History Yearbook . 12 (1): 251-273.
Rath, R. John (1996). "The Deterioration of Democracy in Austria, 1927?1932" . Austrian History Yearbook . 26 : 213-259.
Thorpe, Julie (2010). "Austrofascism: Revisiting the 'Authoritarian State' 40 Years On" . Journal of Contemporary History . 45 (2): 315-343.
Wiltschegg, Walter: Die Heimwehr. Eine unwiderstehliche Volksbewegung? (= Studien und Quellen zur osterreichischen Zeitgeschichte, Band 7) , Verlag fur Geschichte und Politik, Wien 1985, ISBN 3-7028-0221-5 .
Zuber, Frederick R. (1975). The watch on the Brenner : a study of Italian involvement in Austrian foreign and domestic affairs : 1928-1938 (pdf) (???????????) (??????????). Rice University. OCLC 18458416 .

?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[1] Bundesgesetz uber die ?Vaterlandische Front". In: BGBl 1936/160. Wien 20. Mai 1936 ( Online auf ALEX ).

[2] "Kako se je Rudolf Maister boril za severno mejo" . Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija . ??????????? 21 April 2016 .

[FOOTNOTEEdmondson197870-3] Edmondson 1978 , p. 70.

[4] Badie, Bertrand ; Berg-Schlosser, Dirk ; Morlino, Leonardo , ?.?. (7 September 2011). International Encyclopedia of Political Science . SAGE Publications (??????? 2011). ISBN 9781483305394 . ??????????? 9 September 2020 . [...] fascist Italy [...] developed a state structure known as the corporate state with the ruling party acting as a mediator between 'corporations' making up the body of the nation. Similar designs were quite popular elsewhere in the 1930s. The most prominent examples were Estado Novo in Portugal (1932-1968) and Brazil (1937-1945), the Austrian Standestaat (1933-1938), and authoritarian experiments in Estonia, Romania, and some other countries of East and East-Central Europe.

[5] R.J.B. Bosworth, The Oxford Handbook of Fascism, Oxford University Press, 2009, p. 439

[6] Jelavich, Barbara (1987). Modern Austria : Empire & Republic 1815-1986 . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 182. ISBN 0-521-31625-1 .

[FOOTNOTEEdmondson19782-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Edmondson 1978 , p. 2.

[FOOTNOTEMacartney1929631-8] Macartney 1929 , p. 631.

[FOOTNOTEMacartney1929631–632-9] Macartney 1929 , pp. 631?632.

[FOOTNOTEBiles19794-10] Biles 1979 , p. 4.

[FOOTNOTEEdmondson19785-11] Edmondson 1978 , p. 5.

[FOOTNOTEEdmondson19786-12] Edmondson 1978 , p. 6.

[FOOTNOTEEdmondson19787-13] 13.0 ^13.1 Edmondson 1978 , p. 7.

[FOOTNOTEKondert1972iv-14] Kondert 1972 , p. iv.

[FOOTNOTEKondert1972ii-15] 15.0 ^15.1 Kondert 1972 , p. ii.

[FOOTNOTEKondert1972iii-16] Kondert 1972 , p. iii.

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