????????

???????? ( ???????? : Perkele , ????????: [?perkele] ( ???????? ) ) ?????????????????????????????? " ????????????????? " ??????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? "god damn" ???????????? ^[1] ??????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

???????????? [ ??? ]

????????????????????????????????-????????? ?????? Perkwunos ???????????????????????????????????????????????

????????????????????? ???????? ????????????????????? ????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ^[6] ????????????????????????????????????????? ^[7] ???????????????????????????????????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ?? ????????????? porgu ?????? ??? ???? ???????????? perkeleh ??????? ????????????????? ^[8]^[9]

????????????????????? [ ??? ]

???????????????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? " Perkele " ??????????????????????????????????????????? "???" ????????????????????????????? paholainen (???????????) ???????????????? ? ^[10]

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ Kielitoimiston sanakirja [ Dictionary of the Language Office ] (????????????). Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus. 2006. ISBN 952-5446-20-4 .
↑ "How Finns Swear and What This Tells Us About Their Culture" .
↑ "Finnish swearwords ? a list of profanities you shouldn't know" . 4 March 2015.
↑ Advances in Swearing Research: New languages and new contexts . John Benjamins Publishing Company. 2017. ISBN 978-9027256874 .
↑ Handbook of Finnish . E-painos. 2015. ASIN B015AM7Q90 .
↑ Siikala, Anna-Leena (2013). Itamerensuomalaisten mytologia [ Mythology of the Baltic Finns ] (????????????). Helsinki: SKS.
↑ Salo, Unto (1990). Agricola's Ukko in the light of archeology. A chronological and interpretative study of ancient Finnish religion: Old Norse and Finnish religions and cultic place-names . Turku. ISBN 951-649-695-4 .
↑ "Miten suomalaiset kiroilivat ennen kristinuskoa?" [How did Finns curse before Christianity?] (????????????) . ??????????? 2015-12-25 .
↑ Suomen kielen etymologinen sanakirja. 3 [ Etymological dictionary of the Finnish language. 3. ] (????????????). Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura. 1976. ISBN 951-9019-16-2 .
↑ "Paholainen" .

[1] Kielitoimiston sanakirja [ Dictionary of the Language Office ] (????????????). Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus. 2006. ISBN 952-5446-20-4 .

[2] "How Finns Swear and What This Tells Us About Their Culture" .

[3] "Finnish swearwords ? a list of profanities you shouldn't know" . 4 March 2015.

[4] Advances in Swearing Research: New languages and new contexts . John Benjamins Publishing Company. 2017. ISBN 978-9027256874 .

[5] Handbook of Finnish . E-painos. 2015. ASIN B015AM7Q90 .

[6] Siikala, Anna-Leena (2013). Itamerensuomalaisten mytologia [ Mythology of the Baltic Finns ] (????????????). Helsinki: SKS.

[7] Salo, Unto (1990). Agricola's Ukko in the light of archeology. A chronological and interpretative study of ancient Finnish religion: Old Norse and Finnish religions and cultic place-names . Turku. ISBN 951-649-695-4 .

[8] "Miten suomalaiset kiroilivat ennen kristinuskoa?" [How did Finns curse before Christianity?] (????????????) . ??????????? 2015-12-25 .

[9] Suomen kielen etymologinen sanakirja. 3 [ Etymological dictionary of the Finnish language. 3. ] (????????????). Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura. 1976. ISBN 951-9019-16-2 .

[10] "Paholainen" .

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