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?????????????? - ?????????? ?????????????

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????????????? ?????????????
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Mangi?ta Aksum
????? ????
?.?. 50 - ?.?. 940
ที่ตั้งของอักซุม
????? ?????????
????????? ??????
?????????? ??????? , ????????
????????? ??????????
?????????  
? ??? ?.?. 100
???????? (???)
? ??? ?.?. 940
Dil Na'od (???????)
?????????????  
? ???????
??? ?.?. 50
? ?????????????
?.?. 940
???????
?.?. 350 [1] 1,250,000 ????????????? (480,000 ?????????)
????????
?????
D?mt
????????????
????????
???????

??????????????? ( ?????? : Aksumite Empire ???? Axumite Empire ) ???? ????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? ??????????????????????????????????? 4 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1 ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ???????????????? “??????????” ???????????????????????? 4 [2] [3] ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????? (Ark of the Covenant) ??????????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????

??????????????????????? [ ??? ]

???????????????????????????????????????????????????? 1 ?? “ ????????????????????????????????????????? “ (Periplus Maris Erythraei) ???????? ???????????????????????? (Periplus) ?????????????????????????????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????? ???????? (Zoscales) ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????? : ?????? (????????? ??????? ) ???????????Avalites ( ?????? ) ??????????????????????????????????????????????? [4]

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. Turchin, Peter and Jonathan M. Adams and Thomas D. Hall: "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States", page 222. Journal of World-Systems Research, Vol. XII, No. II, 2006
  2. Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilization of Late Antiquity. Edinburgh: University Press, 1991, p. 57.
  3. Paul B. Henze, Layers of Time: A History of Ethiopia , 2005.
  4. Periplus of the Erythreaean Sea ???????? 2014-08-14 ??? ?????????????? , chs. 4, 5

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