???????

?????? ????? ??????????? ????????????????????????? ????????? ???? ? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

??????? ??????????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????? ??????? (????????? PP-polypropylene) ???????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ??? ???????????????????????? ????? ?????????? ??????????????????????? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 2431

??????? [ ??? ]

??????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????? ^[1] ?????????????????????? ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ???? 3000 ?????????????? ???????????????????? ??????????? ^[1] ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? ??????????? bombilla ??????????????????????????????????????? (Yerba mate) ?????????? ^[1]

???????????????????? [ ??? ]

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ??????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 500 ???????????????????????????????????? ???????????? 1.6 ???????????????? ^[2]^[3]^[4]

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[4]

??????????
????????
???????????????
??????????
???????
??????????

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "The Amazing History and the Strange Invention of the Bendy Straw" ???????? 2017-04-28 ??? ?????????????? , Derek Thompson, The Atlantic , November 22, 2011.
↑ "Straw Wars: The Fight to Rid the Oceans of Discarded Plastic" . National Geographic News . 2017-04-12. ???? ????????????????? 2017-06-29 . ??????????? 2017-07-18 .
↑ Bailey, Kate. "FAQs and Links - Milo's Be Straw Free Campaign" . Eco-Cycle . ???? ????????????????? 2017-07-05 . ??????????? 2017-07-18 .
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 "UNDERSTANDING PLASTIC POLLUTION" . Strawless Ocean . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2018-05-03 . ??????????? 22 February 2018 .

[thompson2011-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 "The Amazing History and the Strange Invention of the Bendy Straw" ???????? 2017-04-28 ??? ?????????????? , Derek Thompson, The Atlantic , November 22, 2011.

[National_Geographic_News_2017-2] "Straw Wars: The Fight to Rid the Oceans of Discarded Plastic" . National Geographic News . 2017-04-12. ???? ????????????????? 2017-06-29 . ??????????? 2017-07-18 .

[Bailey-3] Bailey, Kate. "FAQs and Links - Milo's Be Straw Free Campaign" . Eco-Cycle . ???? ????????????????? 2017-07-05 . ??????????? 2017-07-18 .

[SSucking-4] 4.0 ^4.1 "UNDERSTANDING PLASTIC POLLUTION" . Strawless Ocean . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2018-05-03 . ??????????? 22 February 2018 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]