???????????

??????????? ^[1] ???? ???????? ^[1] ( ?????? : Judaism ; ????? : ????? ) ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ^[2] ????????????? ???????????? (??????????? ????? ) ????????????????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????????????????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ??????????????? ^[3] ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????????

?????????????????????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 4,000 ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ??????????????????????????????? 2,000 ?????????????? ?????????????????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????????????????????????????????????????? (??????????????????) ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[4] ??????????????????????????????????? ???? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ^[5] ??????????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????????????????

?????????? ??????????????? ????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???? ?.?. 2010 ????????????????????????????? 13.4 ?????? ??????????????????????? 0.2 ???????????????????? ?????? 42% ???????????? ?????????????? ??? 42% ???????????? ???????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????? ^[6] ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??? ????????????????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ???????????? ^[7] ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ? ??????????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[8]

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ??????????????, ??????????????????????? ?????????????????? , ????????????? 3, ??????????????, 2552, ???? 281
↑ Lewis (1984), pp.10, 20
↑ "Knowledge Resources: Judaism" . Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2011-08-27 . ??????????? 2011-11-22 .
↑ Religion: Three Religions, One God PBS
↑ Heribert Busse (1998). Islam, Judaism, and Christianity: Theological and Historical Affiliations . Markus Wiener Publishers. pp. 63?112. ISBN 978-1-55876-144-5 .
↑ World Jewish Population, 2010. Sergio Della Pergola, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
↑ "Jewish Denominations" . ReligionFacts . ??????????? 2010-08-22 .
↑ "Judaism 101: Rabbis, Priests and Other Religious Functionaries" . Jewfaq.org . ??????????? 2010-08-22 .

?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[พจนานุกรมศัพท์ศาสนาสากล_ฉบับราชบัณฑิตยสถาน-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ??????????????, ??????????????????????? ?????????????????? , ????????????? 3, ??????????????, 2552, ???? 281

[Lewis-84-2] Lewis (1984), pp.10, 20

[Knowledge_Resources:_Judaism-3] "Knowledge Resources: Judaism" . Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs . ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 2011-08-27 . ??????????? 2011-11-22 .

[4] Religion: Three Religions, One God PBS

[Islam,_Judaism,_and_Christianity:_Theological_and_Historical_Affiliations-5] Heribert Busse (1998). Islam, Judaism, and Christianity: Theological and Historical Affiliations . Markus Wiener Publishers. pp. 63?112. ISBN 978-1-55876-144-5 .

[populationdatabank-6] World Jewish Population, 2010. Sergio Della Pergola, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

[Jewish_Denominations-7] "Jewish Denominations" . ReligionFacts . ??????????? 2010-08-22 .

[religiousleadership-8] "Judaism 101: Rabbis, Priests and Other Religious Functionaries" . Jewfaq.org . ??????????? 2010-08-22 .

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