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??????????? (????)

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Partido Popular
??????? PP
?????????? Manuel Fraga Iribarne
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????????? Maria Dolores de Cospedal
???? Rafael Hernando
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??????? 20 ?????? ?.?. 2532
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?????????????? Centrist Democrat International
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www .pp .es
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??????????? ( ???? : Partido Popular ?????????? PP ) ???? ???????????? ?????????????????????????????????? [6] [16] [17] ??? ??????????? [2] [18] ?? ?????????? ??????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ?.?. 2532 ????? ???????? ????? ??????????????? [19]

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  1. ↑ Gomez, Carolina (17 July 2013). "El censo del PP frena su crecimiento coincidiendo con el 'caso Barcenas' " . Cadena Ser . ??????????? 22 December 2014 .
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Hlou?ek, Vit; Kope?ek, Lubomir (2010), Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared , Ashgate, p. 159, From its original emphasis on a 'united and Catholic Spain', in the 1980s and 1990s it gradually evolved under the leadership of Jose Maria Aznar into a pragmatically-oriented conservative formation, with Christian democratic and, even more strongly, economically liberal elements.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe: The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe" . Parties and elections . ??????????? 21 November 2011 .
  5. ↑ Annesley, Claire (2005), A Political And Economic Dictionary Of Western Europe , Routledge, p. 260
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Jose Maria Magone (1 January 2003). The Politics of Southern Europe: Integration Into the European Union . Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 145. ISBN   978-0-275-97787-0 . ??????????? 25 July 2013 . ??????????????: ???????? <ref> ????????????? ??????????? "Magone2003" ???????????????????????????
  7. ↑ Balibrea Enriquez, Mari Paz. Tiempo de exilio: Una mirada critica a la modernidad espanola desde el pensamiento republicano en el exilio (????????). p. 40. ISBN   9788496831469 .
  8. ↑ Jansen, Thomas; Van Hecke, Steven (2011). At Europe's Service: The Origins and Evolution of the European People's Party . Springer Science & Business Media. p. 53. ISBN   9783642194146 . The right-wing Conservative AP was now transformed into a party of the centre-right: it was renamed People's Party (Partido Popular, PP) in the spring of 1989.
  9. ↑ Newton, Michael T. (1997). Institutions of Modern Spain: A Political and Economic Guide . Cambridge University Press. p. 200. ISBN   9780521575089 . Since the 're-launch' of 1989, the party has established itself clearly as a party of the centre-right...
  10. ↑ Meyer Resende, Madalena (2014). Catholicism and Nationalism: Changing Nature of Party Politics . Routledge. p. xix. ISBN   9781317610618 . In 1989 the AP transformed into the Partido Popular (PP) ? a coalition of center-right forces...
  11. ↑ Matuschek, Peter (2004). "Who Learns from Whom: The Failure of Spanish Christian Democracy and the Success of the Partido Popular" . ?? Steven Van Hecke, Emmanuel Gerard (?.?.). Christian Democratic Parties in Europe Since the End of the Cold War . Leuven University Press. p. 243. ISBN   9789058673770 .
  12. ↑ Philip Arestis; Malcolm C. Sawyer (2001-01-01). The Economics of the Third Way: Experiences from Around the World . Edward Elgar Publishing. p. 155. ISBN   1843762838 . ??????????? 2015-01-30 .
  13. ↑ Omar G. Encarnacion (2008-07-08). Spanish Politics: Democracy After Dictatorship . Polity. p. 60-64. ISBN   0745639925 . ??????????? 2015-01-30 .
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Cornelia Ilie (2010). European Parliaments Under Scrutiny: Discourse Strategies and Interaction Practices . John Benjamins Publishing. p. 332. ISBN   9027206295 . ??????????? 2015-01-30 .
  15. ↑ Sharon R. Roseman; Shawn S. Parkhurst (2008). Recasting Culture and Space in Iberian Contexts . SUNY Press. p. 121. ISBN   0791479013 . ??????????? 2015-01-30 .
  16. ↑ Vit Hlou?ek; Lubomir Kope?ek (2010). Origin, Ideology and Transformation of Political Parties: East-Central and Western Europe Compared . Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 136?. ISBN   978-0-7546-7840-3 .
  17. ↑ Jeff Haynes; Anja Hennig (3 July 2013). Religious Actors in the Public Sphere: Means, Objectives, and Effects . Routledge. pp. 18?. ISBN   978-1-136-66171-6 .
  18. ↑ Svante Ersson; Jan-Erik Lane (28 December 1998). Politics and Society in Western Europe . SAGE. p. 108. ISBN   978-0-7619-5862-8 . ??????????? 17 August 2012 .
  19. ↑ "Mariano Rajoy | Popular" (??????????)
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