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????????????????????????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ( ?????? : ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????? ) ?????????????????? ????? ??????????? (????????????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ) ????????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????????????????? ???????????????? ??? ??? ???????? [1]

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  1. ↑ Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris. "The Prophet's Line Family No 3 ? Qusayy, Hubbah, and Banu Nadr to Quraysh" . Ruqaiyyah Waris Maqsood Dawah. ????????????????????? ????????? ????? 30 May 2008 . ??????????? 1 July 2013 .
  2. ↑ The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica . "Ab? Bakr" . {{ cite web }} : |author= ????????????????? ( help )
  3. ↑ Jafri, Hua M. (1979). The Origins and Early Development of Shi`a Islam . International Book Centre. p. 58-79.
  4. ↑ Razwy, Ali Asghar. A Restatement of the History of Islam and Muslims .
  5. ↑ Spellberg , p. 3

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