?????????

????????????? ?????????????
?????????
??????????????????????: ??????????? -????????, 52.5?0Ma
??????????????????????????
????????: Animalia
?????: Chordata
?????????????? : Archosauria
????: Aves
??????????: Neoaves
??????: Passeriformes
Linnaeus , 1758
????: ??? 140 ????
??????? 6,500 ???? [1]
??????????

????????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????????????????? ????????????????????? Passeriformes (????????????? Passer domesticus ?????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? Passer ????????????????????????????????)

???????????????????????????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????????? 4 ???? ???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ? ????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????????????????????????? [2]

???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????? 3 ?????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? 2 ??? ???????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????? 4 ??? ????????????????????????????? [3]

?????????????????????? 140 ???? ?????? 6,500 ???? ??????? [1] ????????????????? ?????????????????????? 1,000 ???? ?????????????????????? ? 16 ?????? ?? 70 ???? ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????? [4]

??????????? [ ??? ]

Suborder Acanthisitti [ ??? ]

Javan banded pitta ( Hydrornis guajanus ), an Old World suboscine .
Andean cock-of-the-rock ( Rupicola peruvianus ) a New World suboscine

Suborder Tyranni (suboscines) [ ??? ]

  • Infraorder Eurylaimides : Old World suboscines
  • Infraorder Tyrannides : New World suboscines
  • Parvorder Furariida
  • Parvorder Tyrannida


Suborder Passeri (oscines) [ ??? ]

Male stitchbird or hihi ( Notiomystis cincta ) showing convergence with honeyeaters
Male regent bowerbird ( Sericulus chrysocephalus , Ptilonorhynchidae )
  • Infraorder Corvides
  • Superfamily Orioloidea [a]
  • Superfamily Malaconotoidea [b]
Tiny goldcrest ( Regulus regulus ) belongs to a minor but highly distinct lineage of Passeri
  • Superfamily Corvoidea [c]
Reed warblers , such as this Blyth's reed warbler ( Acrocephalus dumetorum ), are now in the Acrocephalidae
  • Infraorder Passerides
blue tit ( Cyanistes caeruleus ) and its relatives stand well apart from rest of the Sylvioidea sensu lato
  • Parvorder Sylviida [d]
  • Superfamily Locustelloidea
?
  • Superfamily Sylvioidea
  • Superfamily Aegithaloidea
  • Parvorder Muscicapida
  • Superfamily Bombycilloidea
  • Superfamily Muscicapoidea
?
  • Superfamily Certhioidea
  • Parvorder Passerida

??????? [ ??? ]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Ernst Mayr, "The Number of Species of Birds", The Auk, Volume 63, Number 1 (January, 1946), p.67" (PDF) . ????????????????????? ????????? (PDF) ????? 2012-09-01 . ??????????? 2012-11-04 .
  2. ↑ ??????????????????????????????????
  3. ↑ ???????????????? [ ????????? ]
  4. ↑ ???????????????????
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 ??????????????: ???????? <ref> ?????????? ????????????????????????????????????? oliveros
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Barker, F.K.; Burns, K.J.; Klicka, J.; Lanyon, S.M.; Lovette, I.J. (2013). "Going to extremes: contrasting rates of diversification in a recent radiation of New World passerine birds" . Systematic Biology . 62 (2): 298?320. doi : 10.1093/sysbio/sys094 . PMID   23229025 .
  7. ↑ Dickinson, E.C. ; Christidis, L. , ?.?. (2014). The Howard & Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World . Vol. Volume 2: Passerines (4th ed.). Eastbourne, UK: Aves Press. p. 358. ISBN   978-0-9568611-2-2 . {{ cite book }} : |volume= has extra text ( help )
?????????????????? ?????????????????????? ?????????

??????????????? [ ??? ]

??????????? ??????????????????????????? Passeriformes


??????????????: ?????????? <ref> ??????????????? "lower-alpha" ???????????????? <references group="lower-alpha"/> ??????????????

?????????? " https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=?????????&oldid=9646386 "