?????????????

???????????????? ????????????/????????????/???????????? ???????????????????????????

???????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1898

????????????? ( ?????? : Antisemitism ???? Anti-semitism ???? anti-Semitism ???? Judeophobia ) ??????????????????????? ???????????? (prejudice) ???????????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????????? ????? , ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????????

??????????????????? “???????????????????????????” ???????????? “Antisemitism” ????????????????????????????????????? ????????? (Semitic peoples) ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[1]^[2]

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????, ????? ?????????? ???????????????????????????? (pogroms) ??????????????????????

????????? ????????????????????? (persecution) ???????????????????????????? ????????????????????????? ???? ?.?. 1096, ??????????????????????????? ???? ?.?. 1290, ?????????????????????? (Spanish Inquisition), ????????????????????????? (Alhambra decree) ???? ?.?. 1492, ????????????????????????????? ???? ?.?. 1497, ????? ???????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????????

?????? [ ??? ]

???????????????????????????? ?????????? ????????? (Edward Flannery) ??????????????????????????????????????????????: ^[3]

????????????????????????????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? (Charles Lindbergh)
???????????????? ????????????????????? “?????????????????????????” (anti-Judaism)
??????????????????????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????? ???? ???????? (kashrut) ?????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????? ????? (Shabbat)
?????????????????????????????? (racial antisemitism) ??????????????? ??????????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????????

?????????????? 1990 ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? , ?????????? ??? ??????????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ^[4]

????? [ ??? ]

????????????? “?????????????????????” ???????????? “antisemitic” ( antisemitisch ) ???????????????????????? ?.?.1860 ????????????????????????????? ??????? ????????????? (Moritz Steinschneider) ????? “antisemitic prejudices” ( ??????? : "antisemitische Vorurteile" ) (???????????????????????) ^[5] ??????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????? ????? (Ernest Renan) ??????????????????????? “ ????????? ” ??????????????? “ ???????? ” ???????????????????????????????????????????????????, ???????? ??? “????????????” ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 19 ???????????????????????????????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????????? (Heinrich von Treitschke) ????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????? “???????” ??????????????????? “?????”

???? ?.?. 1873 ????????????????????????? ???????? ????? (Wilhelm Marr) ??????????????? “????????????????????????????????????????????. ??????????????????????????????????????????” (“Der Sieg des Judenthums uber das Germanenthum. Vom nicht confessionellen Standpunkt aus betrachtet”) ???????????????? “?????????” (Semitismus) ???????? “?????” ????????????? ??????????????????????????? “Antisemitismus” ???? “??????????????????????” ???????? ????????????????????????????????????????? “Semitismus” ??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ^[6] ????????????????? “????????????????????????????????????????????” (The Way to Victory of the Germanic Spirit over the Jewish Spirit) ???????????? ?.?. 1880 ????????????????????????????????????????????????? “Antisemitismus” (???????????????????????) ????????????? “Semitismus” ?????????????????????

??????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????? “??????????????????????????????????????” (Antisemiten-Liga) ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????? (Population transfer) ??????????????????????

???????????????? “???????????????????????” ???????????????????????????????????????? ?.?. 1881 ??????????????? “Zwanglose Antisemitische Hefte” ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????? “Antisemiten” ?? “?????????????????” (Neue Freie Presse) ???????????????

??????? [ ??? ]

↑ "Antisemitism has never anywhere been concerned with anyone but Jews." Bernard Lewis. "Semites and Antisemites" ???????? 2011-05-14 ??? ?????????????? , Islam in History: Ideas, Men and Events in the Middle East , The Library Press, 1973.
↑
See, for example:
- "Anti-Semitism", Encyclopaedia Britannica , 2006.
- Paul Johnson. A History of the Jews , HarperPerennial 1988, p 133 ff.
- Bernard Lewis. "The New Anti-Semitism" ???????? 2011-09-08 ??? ?????????????? , The American Scholar , Volume 75 No. 1, Winter 2006, pp. 25-36. The paper is based on a lecture delivered at Brandeis University on March 24, 2004.
↑ Flannery, Edward H. The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-Three Centuries of Antisemitism , Stimulus Books, first published 1965, this edition 2004.
↑
* Phyllis Chesler. The New Antisemitism: The Current Crisis and What We Must Do About It , Jossey-Bass, 2003, pp. 158-159, 181
- Warren Kinsella. The New antisemitism ???????? 2007-10-14 ??? ?????????????? , accessed March 5, 2006
- "Jews predict record level of hate attacks: Militant Islamic media accused of stirring up new wave of antisemitism" , The Guardian , August 8, 2004.
- Endelman, Todd M. "Antisemitism in Western Europe Today" in Contemporary Antisemitism: Canada and the World . University of Toronto Press, 2005, pp. 65-79
- Matas, David. Aftershock: Anti-Zionism and antisemitism , p.31. Dundurn Press, 2005.
↑ In: Alex Bein. The Jewish Question: Biography of a World Problem . Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1990, Page 594. ISBN 0-8386-3252-1
↑ Wilhelm Marr. Sieg des Judenthums uber das Germanenthum. Vom nicht confessionellen Standpunkt aus betrachtet. Rudolph Costenoble. 1879, 8th edition. Archive.org

??????? [ ??? ]

??????????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????????????????????????? ???????????????

[Lewis_MEI1973-1] "Antisemitism has never anywhere been concerned with anyone but Jews." Bernard Lewis. "Semites and Antisemites" ???????? 2011-05-14 ??? ?????????????? , Islam in History: Ideas, Men and Events in the Middle East , The Library Press, 1973.

[JustJews-2] See, for example:
"Anti-Semitism", Encyclopaedia Britannica , 2006.

Paul Johnson. A History of the Jews , HarperPerennial 1988, p 133 ff.

Bernard Lewis. "The New Anti-Semitism" ???????? 2011-09-08 ??? ?????????????? , The American Scholar , Volume 75 No. 1, Winter 2006, pp. 25-36. The paper is based on a lecture delivered at Brandeis University on March 24, 2004.

[3] "Anti-Semitism", Encyclopaedia Britannica , 2006.

[4] Paul Johnson. A History of the Jews , HarperPerennial 1988, p 133 ff.

[5] Bernard Lewis. "The New Anti-Semitism" ???????? 2011-09-08 ??? ?????????????? , The American Scholar , Volume 75 No. 1, Winter 2006, pp. 25-36. The paper is based on a lecture delivered at Brandeis University on March 24, 2004.

[3] Flannery, Edward H. The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-Three Centuries of Antisemitism , Stimulus Books, first published 1965, this edition 2004.

[New-AS-List-4] * Phyllis Chesler. The New Antisemitism: The Current Crisis and What We Must Do About It , Jossey-Bass, 2003, pp. 158-159, 181
Warren Kinsella. The New antisemitism ???????? 2007-10-14 ??? ?????????????? , accessed March 5, 2006

"Jews predict record level of hate attacks: Militant Islamic media accused of stirring up new wave of antisemitism" , The Guardian , August 8, 2004.

Endelman, Todd M. "Antisemitism in Western Europe Today" in Contemporary Antisemitism: Canada and the World . University of Toronto Press, 2005, pp. 65-79

Matas, David. Aftershock: Anti-Zionism and antisemitism , p.31. Dundurn Press, 2005.

[8] Warren Kinsella. The New antisemitism ???????? 2007-10-14 ??? ?????????????? , accessed March 5, 2006

[9] "Jews predict record level of hate attacks: Militant Islamic media accused of stirring up new wave of antisemitism" , The Guardian , August 8, 2004.

[10] Endelman, Todd M. "Antisemitism in Western Europe Today" in Contemporary Antisemitism: Canada and the World . University of Toronto Press, 2005, pp. 65-79

[11] Matas, David. Aftershock: Anti-Zionism and antisemitism , p.31. Dundurn Press, 2005.

[5] In: Alex Bein. The Jewish Question: Biography of a World Problem . Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1990, Page 594. ISBN 0-8386-3252-1

[6] Wilhelm Marr. Sieg des Judenthums uber das Germanenthum. Vom nicht confessionellen Standpunkt aus betrachtet. Rudolph Costenoble. 1879, 8th edition. Archive.org

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