??????????,  ₀₀ Kr

A krypton-filled discharge tube glowing white
??????????
Pronunciation	/ ? k r ? p t ? n / ​ ( KRIP -ton )
Appearance	colorless gas, exhibiting a whitish glow in a high electric field
Standard atomic weight A r °(Kr)
	83.798 ± 0.002 [1] 83.798 ± 0.002  ( abridged ) [2]
?????????? in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium Ar ↑ Kr ↓ Xe ???????? ← ?????????? → ????????
Group	???:Infobox element/symbol-to-group/format
Period	period 4
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[ Ar ] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 6
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 8
Physical properties
Phase at  STP	gas
Melting point	115.78  K ​(-157.37 °C, ​-251.27 °F)
Boiling point	119.93 K ​(-153.415 °C, ​-244.147 °F)
Density (at STP)	3.749 g/L
when liquid (at  b.p. )	2.413 [3]  g/cm 3
Triple point	115.775 K, ​73.53 [4]  kPa [5]
Critical point	209.48 K, 5.525 [4]  MPa
Heat of fusion	1.64  kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	9.08 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	5 R /2 = 20.786 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P   (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at  T   (K) 59 65 74 84 99 120
Atomic properties
Oxidation state s	0 , +1, +2 (rarely more than 0; oxide is unknown)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 3.00
Covalent radius	116±4  pm
Van der Waals radius	202 pm
Spectral line s of ??????????
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​ face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound	(gas, 23 °C) 220, (liquid) 1120 m/s
Thermal conductivity	9.43×10 -3   W/(m?K)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic [6]
CAS Number	7439-90-9
History
Discovery	William Ramsay and Morris Travers (1898)
First isolation	William Ramsay and Morris Travers (1898)
Isotopes of ?????????? v e
Template:infobox ?????????? isotopes does not exist
Category: ?????????? view talk edit | references

?????????? ?? ??????? ????? . ?????? ?????? ???????? 18 ? ???????/????? (group, p ??????, 4 ? ????????? ?????? ?????? . 18 ? ????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? (noble gases ) ??????? ??????.???????? ???? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????.. ?????????? ?????????, ???????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????.

????? ????????/?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????, ?????? ?????????, ???????????? ????????????.?????????? ????? ????/????? ??????? ???????????? (spectral lines) ????????????.

????????? , 1898 ?????????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ??????,, ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ???????????. ???? ???????????? ???????? ????? ???????????/????????? ???????, ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????. ^[7] ? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ?????????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????????? ???? 1904 ?? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ^[8] .

1960 ?? ?????????? ???????, ?????? ????? ????????? ??????????-86 ??????? ???? ??????/??????????? 1, 650, 763.73 ????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????????. ^[8] ????? 1983 ???????? ????????? ??????????????????????, ???????? ???????? (?????????) ????? ?? ???????? 299, 792, 458 ???? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????????? .

? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? kryptos ??????????? ????????. ?????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ^{[7] [9]} .

??????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????. ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? 1 ppm (??????? ??????? ?? ????) . ?????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????????. ???? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????????

????????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????, ?????????? ?????????? ??????? , ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????. ???????? ????? ?????????/????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???????????????. ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????. ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????. ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????.

????????? ???????, ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? 3.749 ???????? /?? ^[10] . ???????? ?????? :115.78 K (?157.37 °C, ?251.27 °F, ????? ?????????  : ?????-153 °C.?????????? ????????/???????? [Ar] 3d ¹⁰ 4s ² 4p ^{6 [9]}

???????????? ??????????? ????? 48 ^[10]

????? ??/?????? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ?????. 1962?? ???? ?????? ?????? (xenon) ??????????? ???????? (synthesis) / ?????????? ???????????????????. ??????? ???????? (1963) ?? ?????????? ?? ???????? (KrF ₂ ) ?? ?????????? ???????????.1960 ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ????. ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????????.

Kr + F ₂ → KrF ₂

??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????????? 6 ???????. ?????? ?????? 30 ???? ????????? ?????????, ???????? ???????. ?????? ???? ?????????, ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? (volatile) ????????? ????? ???????. ?????????? ????? ????????? ???? 230, 000 ??????????. ⁸¹ Kr ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????????.

⁸⁵ Kr ??????? ????? ???? ????????? 10.76 ??????????. ???????? ???????????????,, ?????? ???????????? ???????? , ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ? ??????? ????????.??????/??? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ⁸⁵ Kr ?????? ?????.

??????? ????????? ?????????? ???????/ ?????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????????? .??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????????? ^[7] .????????????? ??? ????????? ?????, ??????? ??????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????????????? ????????????. ?????????????? (incandescent lamps), ???? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????. ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? .

????????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????????????. ??????? ???????????????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????????. ??????????-83 ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???????? (MRI) ???????? ????????????. ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????, ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ????????????.

?????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????., ???????????,, ?????????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????-85 ????? ???????????/?????? ????????? ??????????, ????????? ???????????. ??????????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ^[8] .