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In office 1923?1923
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????	( 1878-12-10 ) 1878 ???????? 10 ???????
????	1931 ????? 4 (1931-01-04) (???? 52) ?????
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????? ?????????	?????? ???? ???? ​ ​ ( m.  1902⁠–⁠1931) ​
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Founder of	?????? ???????? ?????????

???????? ??? ?????, (1878 ???????? -1931 ????? 4) ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????, ???????????? , ???, ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????. ^[1] ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????????????? . ^[2] ???? 1923 ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????. ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????????.???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????????, ???????????? ?????????????? ????. ^[3]

???????? ??? 1878?? ????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????. ^{[4] [5]} ???????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????, ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????. ^[6] ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? , ??????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????.???? ????? ????? ???? (1852-1924), ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????. ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????????? ?? ????????? ??????????????. ? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???????????????. ^[6] ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????????????, ????? ??????????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????????? ??????.1898?? ???????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ^[7]

???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ???? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????. ?????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????. ???? ?????? , ?????, ?? ?????????? ?????????, ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ????????, ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ????????, ????? ?????? ???????, ???? ??????, ????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????. ^[7] ???? 1911?? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????????????. ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????.???? 1912 ?? ?????? ????????. ????? 1913?? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????????. ^[3] 1902?? ??????? ???? ???? (1886-1947)?? ?????? ????????????. ??????? ???? ?????, ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????????. ^{[8] [9]} ???????? ??????-???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ????? ???? ???????????.1920 ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????????????? ????. ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????????.

1906 ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ??????????. 1918 ?? ?????? ???????????? ?????????. ???? 1928 ???? ??????? ???????? ???????. ???????? ??? ????? ?? "???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ????????, ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? , ??? ?????? ??????? ???? , ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ????." ^[4]

????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????????, ???????? ????????????? ????????????? 1919 ?? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ????????. ???? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????????. ^[10] ???????? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ???? ?????????. ??? ???????????? ??????????, ???????? ????????????? ?????????, ?????????????? ???????????????. ^[10]

??????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? 1921?? ?????????. ????? ??? , ????? ????? ????? , ????? ?????? ???? , ???????? ?????? ??????? , ?????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? , ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????????. ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ????? ???????????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? , ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??????. ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ???????. ???????? ????? ???? ???? ???????, ???????? ?????????????.??????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????, ???????????? ?????? ??????. ^[1]

????? 1922 ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????????, ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????. ? ??????? 1922 ???????? 4 ?, ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ??????. ? ????????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ??????. ???????????, ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????????????, ??????? 22 ???? ???????? ?????????.? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????. ^[11] ???? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????????.????????? ???????? ??????????????.???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????????, ??? ???????? ?????????, ???????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????. ?????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????. ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ?????????? ????????????????? ???????????? ????????, ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????, ???? ???????? ????????, ?????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????. ?????? ????? ?????? ????????. ^[10] ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???, ???? ???????? ???, ???????? ??????? ??????? 30 ???? ??????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????, ????? ??????, ??????? ?????? ?????, ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? , ?????? ???????. ???????? ???, ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????. ??????? ??? ?????? , ??????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????. ^[12] ???? ??????? ???????????, ????? ???? ?????, ????? ?????? ????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????????????, ???? ???????, ???? ????? ???????????? ?????????????? ???????. ^[10]

1921 ??, ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????????. ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????. ? ???? ??????? ????, ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????????. ???????, ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ????????. ^[6]

???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ????????????? ??????????. ???? ??????? ??????????????, ???? 1930 ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????????????. ^[6] ??? ???????? ?????? '???????????'?? ?????????? (??????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ???????) ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ????????????, ???????? ????????????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????, ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???????, "???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????????, ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ??????????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????? " ^[3]

???? 1931 ?????? 4? ???????? ?????????? ?????????. ???? ????????, ??????????, ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?????? .

?????? ???????? ??? '?????' 1984 ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????.??? ???? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????????????. ^[13]

"? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ???????, ????? ??????????????? ???????, ???? ??????? ??????,???????, ??????? ??????????, ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????, ??? ???? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????. ?? ????? ????????,??? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ????. ???? ??????????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????, ?????, ??????? ?????????? ????????????, ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????-??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????, '???????? ???????? ??? ??????' ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????????. "

(-???????? ???; ?????????? ????????, ?.???.?? ?????, 1923, ?????? (??????? ???????) ?????. ^[14]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1} Jafri, Raees Ahmed. Biography of Muhammad Ali Jauhar: seerat E Maulana M Ali Jauhar (in ??????). Urdu Movies.
2. ↑ "Syed Ahmad Khan | Aligarh Movement: Consequences & Objectives" . Jagranjosh.com . 2015-10-12 . Retrieved 2019-07-07 .
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1 3.2} Profile of Mohammad Ali Jauhar on Muslims of India website muslims-india.info website (Archived)
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} Mohammad Ali Jouhar's profile and commemorative postage stamp Archived 2018-09-26 at the Wayback Machine findpk.com website
5. ↑ Asir Adrawi . Tazkirah Mash?h?r-e-Hind: Karw?n-e-Rafta (in ?????) (2 April 2016 ed.). Deoband: Darul Muallifeen. p. 234.
6. ↑ ^{6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3} "Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar- a man who chose the pen above the sword" . Dawn (newspaper). 4 January 2015 . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1} Mohammad Ali Jouhar Profile of Mohammad Ali Jauhar on storyofpakistan.com
8. ↑ Masooma, Syed (3 June 2013). "Amjadi Begum" . dostpakistan.pk. Archived from the original on 28 June 2013 . Retrieved 3 November 2019 .
9. ↑ "Begum Mohammed Ali Passes Away" . The Indian Express . 29 March 1947. p. 5 . Retrieved 11 April 2017 .
10. ↑ ^{10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3} Muhammad Ali Johar (1938). Kalam Johar .
11. ↑ Shefalee Vasudev (20 October 2003) Chauri Chaura village that became metaphor for Gandhism gets entangled in criminal violence . India Today . Retrieved on 2018-12-12.
12. ↑ Wasti, Syed Tanvir (2002). "The Circles of Maulana Mohamed Ali" . Middle Eastern Studies . 38 (4): 51?62. doi : 10.1080/714004494 . ISSN   0026-3206 . JSTOR   4284258 .
13. ↑ "MAULANA MOHAMMAD ALI 'JAUHAR' | Films Division" . filmsdivision.org . Retrieved 2021-06-12 .
14. ↑ Yumitro, Gonda. "The Roles of Muhammad Ali Jauhar in Indian Politics and Khilafat Movement" . {{ cite journal }} : Cite journal requires |journal= ( help )