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1909 ?? ????????? ?????????.
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????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ???????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???, ????? ??????? ??? ????????????. ???? ???? ???? 1724 ????? 1948 ???? ??????????? ????????????. ??????? ????????? ???????????? 18 ? ????? 20 ? ???????? ???????. ????????? ????? (?????? ???-??????, ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????????. ????????? ??????? ????????? (2019 ?????? ??????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????-??????? ???????, ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????????????).

1713 ????? 1721 ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????-???-???? ???????? (???? ?? I) ??? ???? ???? ??????? ??????????????. 1707 ?? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ??????????? ???????? ????????????. 1724 ????? ???????? ???????????, ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????????????????.

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????????? ?????? ???? ??????, ??????? ?????, ???????????????? ???????, ?????? ??????????, ??????? ???????, ???????, ?????? ?????? ????? ???????. [1] [2]

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??????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????????????? ???? ??????? - " ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? " ??? ??????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????. [3]

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1932 ??, ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ????.

7 ? ????? - ( ???? ??????? ??? ???? ) 11 ????????? ???????? ???????????? 1000 ?? ???????. [4] [5]

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  1. Smith 1950 , pp. 29?30.
  2. Benichou, From Autocracy to Integration 2000 , p. 13.
  3. Ifthekar, JS (26 November 2017). "The wheel comes full circle…: A look back at the history of transportation in the city" . Telangana Today .
  4. "The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute" . www.bori.ac.in . BORI. Archived from the original on 2018-07-09 . Retrieved 2021-03-21 .
  5. Ifthekhar, J. S. "Reminiscing the seventh Nizam's enormous contribution to education" . Telangana Today . Retrieved 1 March 2021 .