???????? ??????????

**Elizabeth Blackburn**
Elizabeth Blackburn
	With AIC Gold Medal, 2012
????	Elizabeth Helen Blackburn ; 1948 ?????? 26 (???? 75) ; Hobart , Tasmania , Australia
??????	US
????????	Australian and American
???????	Molecular biology
?????????????	University of California, Berkeley ; University of California, San Francisco ; Yale University ; Salk Institute ;
?????????? ???????	University of Melbourne (BSc) ; University of Cambridge (PhD) ;
???????? ??????????(??)	Frederick Sanger
????????? ????????????	include Carol W. Greider
???????? ???????????	NAS Award in Molecular Biology (1990) ; FRS (1992) ; Australia Prize (1998) ; Harvey Prize {1999} ; Dickson Prize (2000) ; Heineken Prize (2004) ; Lasker Award ; Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize ; ASCB Public Service Award (2004) ; Meyenburg Prize (2006) ; L'Oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science (2008) ; Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2009) ; AIC Gold Medal (2012) ;

???????? ?????? ?????????? " ????????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???????????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ??????, ^[2] ???? ??? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ?????, ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????? (1948 ?????? 26 ? ???????????). ??? ?? ????????????- ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????. ????????? ??? " ???? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? " ????????????. ^[3] ????? ??? ??????????? ??? ???????????(???? ???????????) ????????????. ??? ???????? ??????? ???????. ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ???? ????????????? ???????? ???????. ? ??????? ????? ??? 2009 ?????? ????????? ???????????. ??? ? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? , ???? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???????????. ? ????????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???????????????? ????????????????. ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????. ?????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????????????. ^[4]

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???????? ?????? ?????????? 1948 ?????? 26? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????. ????? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????????. ?????? ??????? ?????? (??????????? ???? ?????) ?? ???????? ???????????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ??????????? ???????? (??????????) ???????????? ?????????????. ????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????????. ^[5] 1970?? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????????????. 1972?? (??????????? ??? ??????????) ??????? ?????? ?????????????. 1974?? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????????? ??.????.?? ?????????????. ^[6] ?????? ???? ????????????? ??????????? , ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???????. ^[7]

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1981 ?? ????????? " ??????????? ??? ??????????? (???????) ?? ?????????????? ???????. 1990 ?? ??? ???????????????? ???????. ????? ??? " ??????????? ??? ???????????(??????????????) ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? , ????????????? ??????????. 1993-1999 ???? ??? ????? ????????????? ??? ???? ???????? ????.

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2002?? ??????? ??? " ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? " ??????????? ???????????????. ??? ???? ??????????????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????????. ?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????????? 2004 ???????? 27? ????? ???????. ^[8]

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?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? (1988) ???????????? ???? ??????????
???????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? (1990)
???? ????????? (1991) ???? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ?????
?????? ?????? ???????? (1990) ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????
??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? (1991)
1992 ?? ????? ?????? (???.???.???.) ??? 1992 ????
???????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? (1993)
????????????? ?????? (1998)
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?????? ?????? (1999)
???? ??????? ?????? ?????? (1999)
???????????? ????????? 1999
???????????? ???? ??? ???? (2011)
???????? ?????????? - ??.????.?. ???????? ????????? ??????? (2000) ????????? ????????
???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? (2000)
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?????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? (2008)
?.?.??.???- ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? (2001)
????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??. ?????? ??????? (2001)
?.??. ??????? ??????? (2001) ???? ?????? ???????? ??????
??????? ??., ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? (2003)
??????? ?.????. ???????? ?????? (2004)
??????????? ????????????? ????????? (??????????? ????????????? ??? ???? ?????? (2005)
???????? ?????? ??????? (2006) (????? ??????? Greider, ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ????????????). ???????? ??????? ??????? ????
?????????? ?????? (2006) ????? ??????? ???????? ?????
???? ????????? (2006) ????????? ?????????????? ????? ?????? ?????
???? ???????? (????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????????????) ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? (2006)
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?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? (2007) (????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ??. ???? ?? ????????????)
???????-?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? (2008)
???? ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? (2009) (?? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????????)
?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? (2008)
?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????.
???????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???????????.
????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? (???.???.???.???.) ?????? (2010)
?????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ????? ?.?.??. ?????? ????? (2012)
????? ???? ????? ?????? (2015)
????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? 2010 ????????????
1998 ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????????
???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? (1993)
????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ??????? (2000)
?????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????? (2000-2002)

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↑ "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009" . Nobel Foundation . Retrieved 2009-10-05 .
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 "Fellows of the Royal Society" . London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2015-03-16.
↑ "Nobel laureate Elizabeth Blackburn named Salk Institute President" . Retrieved 2016-01-24 .
↑ Brady, Catherine (2007). Elizabeth Blackburn and the Story of Telomeres . Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-02622-2 .
↑ Brady 2007 , pp. 1?13
↑ Blackburn, E. H. (1974). Sequence studies on bacteriophage ØX174 DNA by transcription (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05 . Retrieved 2016-03-22 .
↑ "Elizabeth Blackburn Profile at UCSF" . Retrieved 25 November 2013 .
↑ Blackburn, E.; Rowley, J. (2004). "Reason as Our Guide" . PLoS Biology . 2 (4): e116. doi : 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020116 . PMC 359389 . PMID 15024408 . {{ cite journal }}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI ( link )

[1] "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009" . Nobel Foundation . Retrieved 2009-10-05 .

[frs-2] 2.0 ^2.1 "Fellows of the Royal Society" . London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2015-03-16.

[3] "Nobel laureate Elizabeth Blackburn named Salk Institute President" . Retrieved 2016-01-24 .

[4] Brady, Catherine (2007). Elizabeth Blackburn and the Story of Telomeres . Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-02622-2 .

[5] Brady 2007 , pp. 1?13

[blackphd-6] Blackburn, E. H. (1974). Sequence studies on bacteriophage ØX174 DNA by transcription (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05 . Retrieved 2016-03-22 .

[7] "Elizabeth Blackburn Profile at UCSF" . Retrieved 25 November 2013 .

[8] Blackburn, E.; Rowley, J. (2004). "Reason as Our Guide" . PLoS Biology . 2 (4): e116. doi : 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020116 . PMC 359389 . PMID 15024408 . {{ cite journal }}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI ( link )

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Elizabeth Blackburn
With AIC Gold Medal, 2012
????	Elizabeth Helen Blackburn ( 1948-11-26 ) 1948 ?????? 26 (???? 75) Hobart , Tasmania , Australia
??????	US
????????	Australian and American
???????	Molecular biology
?????????????	University of California, Berkeley University of California, San Francisco Yale University Salk Institute
?????????? ???????	University of Melbourne (BSc) University of Cambridge (PhD)
???????? ??????????(??)	Frederick Sanger ^[1]
????????? ????????????	include Carol W. Greider
???????? ???????????	NAS Award in Molecular Biology (1990) FRS (1992) ^[2] Australia Prize (1998) Harvey Prize {1999} Dickson Prize (2000) Heineken Prize (2004) Lasker Award Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize ASCB Public Service Award (2004) Meyenburg Prize (2006) L'Oreal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science (2008) Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2009) AIC Gold Medal (2012)