????? ???????

????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? 700 ????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????????????. ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????????????, ????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? (794-1185) ???????????.

?????? ??????-?????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????. ????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????. ???? ????????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????. ????????? ???????????????? ???????, ??? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????.

???? [ ???? ]

???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????-???? (?????? ???????? ) ?????? ????????? ????????????. ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????????. ??????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????????????????. ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????. ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????????????.

?????? [ ???? ]

??????-?????????????? (?????? ????) ??????? ?????-?????????? (???????????? ?????????? ?????? 10 ??????????????) ??????? ?????????????? ????? ??????????????, ?????-???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????, ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????. 794 ??? ?????????? ??????-???? ????? ??????????? ?????????????, ??? 1000 ?????????????? ????? ???????? ????????. ??????? ????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????. ????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????; ????? ??????? 795 ??? ????? ???????????????. ???? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? 805 ??? ??????????????. ^[1] ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??? ????? ????????? ????????, 10 ??? ???????????? ?????????????, ????? ????????? ???? ?????????????? ????????? ??????????????? ??? ?????????????. ^[2] ????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????. ^[3]

??????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????, ??????????? ???-???? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ????????. ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????????, ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????, ??? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????? (????????? ????????) ??????? ????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???????. ^[4] ???? ????????????? ???????, ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????. ^[5]

??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????, ?? ?????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ????????. ??? ????? 1063 ??? ??? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????. ?????????? 876, 1068 ??????? 1156 ??? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ????? ?????????????????. 1177 ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????. ^[6] 960 ??? ???????, ??????????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????, ????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????????????, ?????? ??? 12 ??? ???????????? ????????? ??? ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????????????. ^[6] ???????? ??????????????? ??????????, ?????????? ???????? ?????????? (???????? ???? ??????????) ???? ???????????????.

1156 ????? ??????????????? ?????, ??????? ??-??????, ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????. ^[7] ??-?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?????????, ?????? ?????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ????????????????????. ??? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????????. ^[8]

1177 ??? ??? ?? ????????????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????????? ??????? ???????. 1227 ???, ?? ????????????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ?????. 1334 ??? ??????? ??-???? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ????????????, ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????????????. ^[9] ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ????????, 1868 ??? ?????-???? ???????? ????????, ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ( ???????? ????? ??????) ???? ????? ??????????????????. ^[10] ???????? ???????? ???????, ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????????. ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????????, ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????, ????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????. ^[11]

??????????? [ ???? ]

↑ Hall 1974 , ?. 7.
↑ McCullough 1999b , ?. 108.
↑ McCullough 1999b , ?. 98.
↑ Shively & McCullough 1999i , ?. 1, 7-8.
↑ McCullough 1999b , ?. 131.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 McCullough 1999b , ?. 174?175.
↑ Hurst 1999 , ?. 619?621.
↑ Riz? 1999 , ?. 691, 693?694.
↑ Hall 1974 , ?. 27.
↑ Frederic 2002 .
↑ McCullough 1999b , ?. 175.

??????????? [ ???? ]

Carpenter, John T.; McCormick, Melissa (2015), The Tale of Genji: A Japanese classic illuminated , New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9781588396655
Farris, William Wayne (1998), Sacred Texts and Buried Treasures: Issues on the Historical Archaeology of Ancient Japan , Honolulu, HW: University of Hawai'i Press, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-8248-2030-4
Frederic, Louis (2002), "Heian-ky?", Japan Encyclopedia , translated by Roth, Kathe, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press, pp. 303?304, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 978-0-674-00770-3
Van Goethem, Ellen (2008), Nagaoka: Japan's Forgotten Capital , Leiden, NL: Brill, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 978 90 04 16600 4
Hall, John W. (1974), "Kyoto as Historical Background", in Hall, John W.; Mass, Jeffrey (eds.), Medieval Japan ? Essays in Institutional History , Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-8047-1511-4
Hardacre, Helen (2017), Shinto: a history , New York: Oxford University Press, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 9780190621711
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McCullough, William H.; McCullough, Helen Craig (1980), "Appendix B: The Greater Imperial Palace", A Tale of Flowering Fortunes , vol. 2, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, pp. 833?854, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-8047-1039-2
Morris, Ivan (1994), The World of the Shining Prince: Court Life in Ancient Japan , New York, NY: Kodansha, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 1-56836-029-0 . Originally published in 1964.
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon (1956), Kyoto: The Old Capital of Japan, 794?1869 , Kyoto: The Ponsonby Memorial Society . A reissue of the 1931 ed. published in Hong Kong, with some new illus. and minor changes, under title: Kyoto: its history and vicissitudes since its foundation in 792 to 1868 . First published in article form 1925?28.
Shively, Donald H.; McCullough, William H., eds. (1999), The Cambridge History of Japan: Heian Japan , vol. 2, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-521-22353-9

[FOOTNOTEHall19747-1] Hall 1974 , ?. 7.

[FOOTNOTEMcCullough1999b108-2] McCullough 1999b , ?. 108.

[FOOTNOTEMcCullough1999b98-3] McCullough 1999b , ?. 98.

[FOOTNOTEShivelyMcCullough1999i1,_7-8-4] Shively & McCullough 1999i , ?. 1, 7-8.

[FOOTNOTEMcCullough1999b131-5] McCullough 1999b , ?. 131.

[FOOTNOTEMcCullough1999b174–175-6] 6.0 ^6.1 McCullough 1999b , ?. 174?175.

[FOOTNOTEHurst1999619–621-7] Hurst 1999 , ?. 619?621.

[FOOTNOTERizō1999691,_693–694-8] Riz? 1999 , ?. 691, 693?694.

[FOOTNOTEHall197427-9] Hall 1974 , ?. 27.

[FOOTNOTEFrédéric2002-10] Frederic 2002 .

[FOOTNOTEMcCullough1999b175-11] McCullough 1999b , ?. 175.

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