????? ?????????

??????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ???????.
????? ?????????
????? ?????????
??????? ????? ???? ?????????
( 1910-05-12 ) 12 ?? 1910
?????? , ???????
?????? 29 ???? 1994 ( 1994-07-29 ) (???? 84)
??????????, ???????????
??????? ???????????
??????? ?????????????
???? ?????????????? , ?????-????? ?????????
????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????

????? ???? ????????? ( Dorothy Mary Hodgkin , ????? ???? ??????????, ?? 12, 1910 - ???? 29, 1994) ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? . ???? ?????-????? ?????????????? ????? ????? 1964?? ????? ????????. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??????????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????????.

????? ??? ???????? [ ???? ]

1910?? ????? ?? ????? 12?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ??????????? ????????????????? 1932?? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????. 1937?? ???????????? ????????????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????.

?????????, ?????????? [ ???? ]

1933?? ????????? ???????? ????????????, ??.??.???????? ???? ????????????? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? [7] . ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????????????. ??????, ???? ??????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ????????????? ????? ????? ???????????. ?????????? ?????????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????????. 1947?? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??????????????. 1948 ????? 1956 ??? ???????????? ???????????????????, ??????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????.

???????????????? [ ???? ]

????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????
????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? (1945)

1942 ???????? 1949 ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????????. 1945?? ????? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????????????????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????. 1955?? ????????? B-12 ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. 1961?? ????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????????? B-12?? ??????? ????? ????????. ????????? B-12 ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????. B12?? ??????? ??????????????????? 1964??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????????.

????????? ??????? [ ???? ]

1934?? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????. ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????????????. ???? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ?????????. ???????, ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????????????. ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????????. 35 ???????? ???????, 1969?? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????. [8]

???? ??????? [ ???? ]

???????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????????, ??????????? [??????????? ?????] ????????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ????????. [9] . ?????? ?? ????????? 75?????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????????????.

????????? ??????? ?????? [ ???? ]

?????? ??? ??????
  • ???? 1965?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ????????? ???? ( ????????? ?????????????????? ?????), ( ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? (2014) ????? ???? ???? ????????????????.
  • 1970 ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????????????? ???????? ?????????????????.
  • 1972 ????? 1978 ??? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????.
  • 1987?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????.

?????? [ ???? ]

???? 1994?? ????? ???? ????? 29?? ???? ????????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????.

???? ?????????? [ ???? ]

??????????? [ ???? ]

  1. ???? : 10.1098/rsbm.2002.0011
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand
  2. . ??????? : 7757003 .  
  3. ???? : 10.1063/1.2808036
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand
  4. ???? : 10.1038/nsb0994-573
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand
  5. ???? : 10.1038/371020a0
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand
  6. ???? : 10.1017/S0033583500003085
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand
  7. ???? : 10.1098/rsbm.1980.0002
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand
  8. ???? : 10.1038 / 224491a0 10.1038 / 224491a0
    This citation will be automatically completed in the next few minutes. You can jump the queue or expand by hand .
  9. Ferry, Georgina (1998). Dorothy Hodgkin: A Life . London: Granta Books. ??????????? ?????????? ???   1-86207-167-5 .