???? ?? ????

??????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ???????.
???? ?? ????
???? ?????????? ???????
???????????? 17 ?? 1540 ? 22 ?? 1545
????????????? 1540
?????????? ???????
?????????? ??????? ??
??????? 1486 [1]
???????? , ???????? ???????? , ?????? , ???????
?????? 22 ?? 1545
??????? , ??????? ???????? , ??????? ???????? , ???????
??????? ????
????????
????? ????
????????????
???????? 		Jalal Khan
????????
?????? ???? ????
???? ???? ??????
??????? ???? ??????
????? ?????? ???? ???? ????
???? ???????

???? ?? ???? ( Sher Shah Suri ; 1486 - ?? 22 1545) ?? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????. [2] [3] ????? ????????? ????? ????. ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????????. ????? ????? ????????????????, ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ????????????.

??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? 1540??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????. 1540 ????? 1545 ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? ???????. ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????????. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

??????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????. ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????????????.

1537 ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????????. [9] ?????? ??????? ?????? 1539 ????? ?????? ????? ???????? , ?????? ???????????? ??????????????. ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ????????. ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????????. [9]

1540 ????? 1545 ???????? ????? ????????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????????. ???? ????????? '???????' ??????? ?????? ??????, ????????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????. [10] ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????????. [11] ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????-???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????????. ?????? ??.??. 7 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????. [12] ?????? ?????? ????????????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????. [4] [9] ???????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????, ??????? ?????? ???????, ??????????, ????????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????????????. [13]

?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ?????, ????????, ????????? ???????? ( ???????? : UNESCO) ??? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????. [14]

????????? ???????? [ ???? ]

???? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ?????????. ??? ??????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ???????????. ??????? ????????? ????? ????. ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ????????????????????(??????????) ?????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ???????????. ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??????. ?????? ? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????????. [15]

?????????????? ?????????????? ???? ?? ????, ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????. [4] ?????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????. ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????. [16]

????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????, ???????? ???????????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ???????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????. [15]

???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????, ??????, ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????, ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????. ????? ????? ????? ???? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??????????????. ????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????????????????????? ???? ?? ?????????. ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????????. [17] [17]

?????????? ?????????????? ???????????? [ ???? ]

??????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????????????? '???? ????' ????? ???????? ???????? ???????????. ???? (???? ?? ????) ????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???????????. [4] ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????????? ???????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????. ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????. ?????????? ???? ????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????????. ????? 1534 ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ??????????????????? ?????????????. 1538 ??? ???? ???? ???????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????. ????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????. ??????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????????????. 1539 ??? ????? ???????????? ????????????, ?????????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????????????????. ???? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????????. [4]

??????? ???? [ ???? ]

1543 ??? ???? ?? ???? 80,000 ????????? ??????? 50,000 ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ?????????????. ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??????????????. ???? ?? ????????? ????????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ??.?? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????????. ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????. ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???????????? ??????????. ??? ?????????????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ????????? ?????????. ????? ???????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????????????????. ??? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????. ???? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???? ????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ????????????.

???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? 20,000 ???????? ???? ?????? 80,000 ??????????? ??????????????. ????????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?????????. ??????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????. ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ????????????? ????????? ????????.

????????? ??????????? [ ???? ]

???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????? ??.??.1540- 1545 ????? ????????????? ' ?????? ' ????????? ?????? ??????

Specially Sher Khan was not an angel (malak) but a king (malik). In six years he gave such stability to the structure (of the empire) that its foundations still survive. He had made ??????? flourish in such a way that the king of ????? and Turan appreciate it, and have a desire to look at it. Hazrat Arsh Ashiyani ( ??????? ?????? ) followed his administrative manual (zawabit) for fifty years and did not discontinue them. In the same ??????? due to able administration of the well wishers of the court, nothing is left except rabble and jungles...

Mirza Aziz Koka , son of Ataga Khan , in a letter to Emperor ?????????

???? ?? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????????. ???????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ???????? ?????????????????????. ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????????????? ???? ?? ????????? 178 ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????????. ????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????. [11] ?????? ?????? ??????? , ???????????? , ??????? , ?????? , ??????????? , ????????? , ????????? , ??????????? ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????????????????????.

?????? 169 ?????????? ??????? ??? ????? '?????' ????????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????. [11] [18]

???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????????. ??????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????? ?????????????? ????????????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????, ?????????? 1540?45 ????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??????????????????. 1533 ??? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? 1541 ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????????? ?????????. ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????. 1580 ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ???? '?????? ? ???? ????' (???? ?????? ??????) ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????????.

????? [ ???? ]

???? ?? ???????? ?????????, ???????, ??????

1545, ?? 22 ??? ?????? ???????????????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ????????????. ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????. ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ???? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? 122 ??? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ????????????????. [19]

?????? ????????????? [ ???? ]

?????? ????????????? (Grand Trunk Road , GT Road) ?????? ????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????????????. ?? ?????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. ??? ??????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????. 16??? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????????????????.

????????? [ ???? ]

  1. ↑ Muhammad Ansar Ali , Sher Shah ????????????? 2012-01-22 at the ??????? ????????? , ?????????????? : The National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, ?????? , Retrieved: 17 March 2012
  2. ↑ ?????? ???? ??????
  3. ↑ "Sher Shah ? The Lion King" . Archived from the original on 2006-12-12 . ????????????? ???? 2013-08-28 .
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Sh?r Shah of S?r" . ?????????????? ?????????????? . ????????????? ???? 23 August 2010 .
  5. ↑ Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam (2002). History of medieval India: from 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D. Crabtree Publishing Company. p. 179. ??????????? ?????????? ???   81-269-0123-3 . ????????????? ???? 23 August 2010 . {{ cite book }} : Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= ( help )
  6. ↑ Schimmel, Annemarie (2004). The empire of the great Mughals: history, art and culture . Reaktion Books. p. 28. ??????????? ?????????? ???   1-86189-185-7 . ????????????? ???? 23 August 2010 . {{ cite book }} : Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored ( help )
  7. ↑ Singh, Sarina (2008). Pakistan & the Karakoram Highway . Vol. 7, illustrated. Lonely Planet. p. 137. ??????????? ?????????? ???   1-74104-542-8 . ????????????? ???? 23 August 2010 . {{ cite book }} : Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored ( help )
  8. ↑ Greenberger, Robert (2003). A Historical Atlas of Pakistan . The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 28. ??????????? ?????????? ???   0-8239-3866-2 . ????????????? ???? 23 August 2010 . {{ cite book }} : Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= ( help )
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Sher Khan" . Columbia Encyclopedia . 2010 . ????????????? ???? 24 August 2010 .
  10. ↑ "???????????????????? ????" . Archived from the original on 2002-10-05 . ????????????? ???? 2007-11-02 .
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Mughal Coinage" . ?????? ??????? ????? RBI Monetary Museum. Archived from the original on 5 ???????? 2002 . ????????????? ???? 24 August 2010 .
  12. ↑ Patna encyclopedia.com.
  13. ↑ "???? ??????? (?????? ???????? ????" . ???. ???????????? . ????????????. Saturday, January 05, 2013 . ????????????? ???? 28 ?????? 2013 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |accessdate= and |date= ( help )
  14. ↑ http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1093/
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Tarikh-i Khan Jahan Lodi (MS. p. 151)
  16. ↑ Weiner, Myron (1994). The Politics of social transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan . Syracuse University Press. p. 488. ??????????? ?????????? ???   0-8156-2608-8, 9780815626084 . ????????????? ???? 7 June 2006 . {{ cite book }} : Check |isbn= value: invalid character ( help ) ; Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored ( help )
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Abbas Khan Sarwani (1580). "Tarikh-i Sher Shahi; or, Tuhfat-i Akbar Shahi, of 'Abbas Khan Sarwani. CHAPTER I. Account of the reign of Sher Shah Sur" . Sir H. M. Elliot . London: Packard Humanities Institute . p. 79. Archived from the original on 2 ???? 2011 . ????????????? ???? 4 September 2010 . {{ cite web }} : Check date values in: |archive-date= ( help )
  18. ↑ Rupee Public Domain ?????? ???????  ??????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????:  ?????????????? ?????????????? (11th). (1911). Cambridge University Press.   .
  19. ↑ Catherine B. Asher (1977). "The mausoleum of Sher Shah Suri" . Artibus Asiae (Artibus Asiae Publishers) 39 (3/4): 273?298. doi : 10.2307/3250169 . http://www.jstor.org/pss/3250169 .  
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