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1944 ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? 1960 ?? ????????? ??????? ????????????. ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? IAS ????????? ????????. ??????????? 1979 ?? ?????????? ????.1980 ?? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????? .
???? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????????? .???????? 1950?? ??????? ??????? 1976 ?? ?????????? ??????? ????????????.
1988?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ????? ????????????? .???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????.???????? 61,629,875 ???? ??????? ?? ??????? , 170,859,375 ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????????. ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????????.1990?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? intelligence ???? ????? ?????? ????????????..
???? ????????????? ?????????? ?????. ???? ?????? ????????, ?????? ????????, ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? .???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? "The World of Homosexuals" ????? ?????????? ?????????.
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- 1977?? 188,132,517 ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????????. ??? ???????, ?????? ??????????? ????????????????? ???? ??? 201 ????? ??????? 23??? ??????? 50 ????????? 546,372,891 ????????????. ????? ???? ??????????U.S. Bureau of Standards ???????? 1101 ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ????????????? ??????????.
- ???? 18, 1980?? ?????????? ???????, ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????? 13 ????? ?????? ?????? 7,686,369,774,870 × 2,465,099,745,779 ?? ???????? ?????? 28 ??????????? 18.947.668.177.995.426.462.773.730 ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ?????????????????????.
- 1977?? ???? ??? 201 ????? ??????? 23??? ??????? ????????????.
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