???? ????????? ??????????

???? ????????? ?????????? ( OLED , organic light-emitting diode ) ?????? ??? ????????? ?????????? (LED), ???? ??????? ?????????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ?????. ????????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????. ?????? ???????????????? ????? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??? ????????????????????? ????????????. ???????, ???? ????????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ^[1]^[2]^[3]

???? ????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????, ??????? ??????? , ??????????? , ??????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ????????????????? ?????????????????????.

??????????? [ ???? ]

↑ "Organic EL - R&D" . Semiconductor Energy Laboratory . ????????????? ???? 8 July 2019 .
↑ "What is organic EL?" . Idemitsu Kosan . ????????????? ???? 8 July 2019 .
↑ Kamtekar, K. T.; Monkman, A. P.; Bryce, M. R. (2010). "Recent Advances in White Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices (WOLEDs)". Advanced Materials 22 (5): 572?582. doi : 10.1002/adma.200902148 . ??????? : 20217752 . Bibcode: 2010AdM....22..572K .

[1] "Organic EL - R&D" . Semiconductor Energy Laboratory . ????????????? ???? 8 July 2019 .

[2] "What is organic EL?" . Idemitsu Kosan . ????????????? ???? 8 July 2019 .

[3] Kamtekar, K. T.; Monkman, A. P.; Bryce, M. R. (2010). "Recent Advances in White Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices (WOLEDs)". Advanced Materials 22 (5): 572?582. doi : 10.1002/adma.200902148 . ??????? : 20217752 . Bibcode: 2010AdM....22..572K .

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