????? ?????????? ????? ???????????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????????????. ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????.??????? ?????????? ????????? ( ??.?. 499) ??????? ??????????? ( ??.?. 6??? ??????????) ????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ????????.

???? [ ???? ]

???? ????????? ????????????? ????????????. ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????.(?????????? ????= ?????,??????=??????????) ??? ????:

1. ???? (?????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ????/???? ????) ??????? ??????? ????????????????????
2. ????? ??????? (?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???????)
3. ??????????? (??????? ???? ????? ?????????????????? ?????????? 27 ??????????????????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???????????)
4. ???? 27 ??????????? ????? ????????? ???? ??????
5. ????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????.

??????? [ ???? ]

??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????;

?????????? ???????? [ ???? ]

??????????? [ ???? ]

?????? ?????? [ ???? ]

• Reingold and Dershowitz, Calendrical Calculations, Millennium Edition , Cambridge University Press, latest 2nd edition 3rd printing released November 2004. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-521-77752-6
• S. Balachandra Rao, Indian Astronomy: An Introduction , Universities Press, Hyderabad, 2000.
• " Hindu Chronology ", Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1911)

??????????????? [ ???? ]

• Comparing the Surya Siddhanta and the Astronomical Ephemeris by Daphne Chia (pdf, 404KB)
• ISKCON view on Hindu calendar ????????????? 2009-10-17 at the ??????? ?????????
• Hindu Calendar / Panchang for the world.
• Hindu Festival Calendar of Vrindavan.
• Calculator for Swami Sri Yukteswar's intrepration of Yugas ????????????? 2011-07-10 at the ??????? ?????????