?????????? ????????? ????????

??????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ???????.
??? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????????

??? ??????????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????. ????? ???????? ???????????, ???????, ?????????,??????????,???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????????????????.???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ????????????????????.

??????????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????????????? ????? ?????????? .???? 30,221,532 ?.??.?? (11,668,545 ?.?? )???????? ???????? ????? ???????????? 6%??? ????? ????????????? 20.4% ?????? ?????. [1] 2005 ??? ????? ????????????????? 900 ??????? ?????? 61 ????????????????? (53 ???????)????? ????????? [2] ???????? ????? ?????????????? 14% ?????.?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ,????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? , ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????.

???????? [ ???? ]

?????( ??????? ????? ) ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? (?????) ?????????? ??????? ???? (PPP) (???????? $) ???????
????????? [3] ( People's Democratic Republic of Algeria ) அல்ஜீரியா ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? 2,381,740 33,333,216 7,700 3 espa
??????? [4] ( Republic of Angola ) அங்கோலா ???????? ???????? ???????????? 1,246,700 15,941,000 2,813 42

?????? [5] ( Republic of Benin ) பெனின் ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 112,622 8,439,000 1,176 24
?????????? [6] ( Republic of Botswana ) போட்சுவானா ??????? ???? ???????? , ?????????? 581,726 1,839,833 11,400 46
???????? ????? [7] புர்க்கினா பாசோ ??????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 274,000 13,228,000 1,284 21
???????? [8] ( Republic of Burundi ) புருண்டி ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? , ???????? , ???????? 27,830 7,548,000 739 38
?????? [9] ( Republic of Cameroon ) கமரூன் ???????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? , ???????? 475,442 17,795,000 2,421 26
????? ??????? ( ??????????? ) [10] [n 1] கேனரி தீவுகள் ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???????????? 7,447 1,995,833 N/A 6
???? ?????? [11] ( Republic of Cape Verde ) கேப் வர்டி ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????????? 4,033 420,979 6,418 14a
?????? ???????????? ???????? [12] ( Central African Republic ) மத்திய ஆப்பிரிக்கக் குடியரசு ???????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ?????? , ???????? 622,984 4,216,666 1,198 27
?????? ( ???????? ) [10] [n 1] செயுத்தா ?????? ???? ???????????? 28 76,861 N/A 2a
???? [13] ( Republic of Chad ) சாட் ??????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? , ???? 1,284,000 10,146,000 1,519 11
???????? [14] ( Union of the Comoros ) கொமொரோசு ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? , ???????? 2,235 798,000 1,660 43a
???? ?????? [15] ( Republic of Cote d'Ivoire ) ஐவரி கோஸ்ட் ?????????
?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 322,460 17,654,843 1,600 20
?????? ???????????? ???????? [16] [n 2] ( Democratic Republic of the Congo ) காங்கோ மக்களாட்சிக் குடியரசு ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? 2,344,858 63,655,000 774 34
???????? [17] ( Republic of Djibouti ) சீபூத்தீ ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???? , ???????? 23,200 496,374 2,070 29
??????? [18] [n 3] ( Arab Republic of Egypt ) எகிப்து ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? 1,001,449 80,335,036 4,836 5
????????????? ???? [19] ( Republic of Equatorial Guinea ) எக்குவடோரியல் கினி ???? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????????? , ???????? , ???????????? 28,051 504,000 16,312 31
??????????? [20] ( State of Eritrea ) எரித்திரியா ??????? ?????? ?????????? , ???? 117,600 4,401,000 1,000 13
??????????? [21] ( Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ) எதியோப்பியா ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????????? 1,104,300 85,237,338 823 28
?????? [22] ( Gabonese Republic ) காபொன் ????????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 267,668 1,384,000 7,055 32
???????? [23] ( Republic of The Gambia ) கம்பியா ??????? ????? ???????? 10,380 1,517,000 2002 15
???? [24] ( Republic of Ghana ) கானா ????? ???????? ???? ???????? 238,534 23,000,000 2,700 22
???? [25] ( Republic of Guinea ) கினியா ???????? ???????? ???????? ???????? 245,857 9,402,000 2,035 17
????-?????? [26] ( Republic of Guinea-Bissau ) கினி-பிசாவு ?????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????????? 36,125 1,586,000 736 16
?????? [27] ( Republic of Kenya ) கென்யா ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? , ???????? 580,367 34,707,817 1,445 36
???????? [28] ( Kingdom of Lesotho ) லெசோத்தோ ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? , ???????? 30,355 1,795,000 2,113 49
???????? [29] ( Republic of Liberia ) லைபீரியா ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? 111,369 3,283,000 1,003 19
?????? [30] ( Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ) லிபியா ?????????? ????? ?????? ???? 1,759,540 6,036,914 12,700 4
????????? [31] ( Republic of Madagascar ) மடகாசுகர் ??????????? ????? ?????? ????? , ???????? , ???????? 587,041 18,606,000 905 44
????? ( ??????????? ) [n 4] மதீரா ???????? ???? ???????????? 828 245,806 N/A 1
????? [32] ( Republic of Malawi ) மலாவி ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? , ???????? 118,484 12,884,000 596 42
???? [32] ( Republic of Mali ) மாலி ??????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 1,240,192 13,518,000 1,154 9
????????????? [33] ( Islamic Republic of Mauritania ) மூரித்தானியா ????????? ???????????? ????? ???? 1,030,700 3,069,000 2,402 8
????????? [34] ( Republic of Mauritius ) மொரிசியசு ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? 2,040 1,219,220 13,703 44a
??????? [35] ( ???????? ) [n 5] மயோட்டே ???????? ???? ???????? 374 186,452 2,600 43b
???????? ( ???????? ) [n 1] (?????????????? ???????? ?????) மெலில்லா N/A ???? ???????????? 20 72,000 N/A 2b
???????? [36] ( Kingdom of Morocco ) மொரோக்கோ ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? 446,550 33,757,175 4,600 2
?????????? [37] ( Republic of Mozambique ) மொசாம்பிக் ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????????? 801,590 20,366,795 1,389 43
??????? [38] ( Republic of Namibia ) நமீபியா ???????? ???????? ????? ???????? 825,418 2,031,000 7,478 45
????? [39] ( Republic of Niger ) நைஜர் ?????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? , Hausa 1,267,000 13,957,000 872 10
???????? [40] ( Federal Republic of Nigeria ) நைஜீரியா ????? ??????? ???? ???????? 923,768 154,729,000 1,188 25
?????? ???????? [41] [n 6] ( Republic of the Congo ) காங்கோ குடியரசு ?????????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 342,000 4,012,809 3,919 25
????????? ( ???????? ) [n 5] ரீயூனியன் ????????-?????? ???? ???????? 2,512 793,000 N/A 44b
???????? [42] ( Republic of Rwanda ) ருவாண்டா ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? , ???????? , ???????? 26,798 7,600,000 1,300 37
???????? ???? , ???????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ( ?????? ?????????? ) [43] செயிண்ட். எலனா, ஐக்கிய இராச்சியம், டிரிசுதான் டா குன்ஃகா ??????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? 3,926 4,250 N/A 40b
???? ???? ??????? ???????????? [44] ( Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe ) சாவோ தொமே மற்றும் பிரின்சிப்பி ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? 964 157,000 1,266 31a
?????? [45] ( Republic of Senegal ) செனிகல் ??????? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 196,723 11,658,000 1,759 14
???????? [46] ( Republic of Seychelles ) சீசெல்சு ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? , ???????? , ?????????? ???????? 451 80,654 11,818 39a
?????? ?????? [47] ( Republic of Sierra Leone ) சியேரா லியோனி ?????????? ?????? ???????? 71,740 6,144,562 903 18
???????? [48] ( Somali Republic ) சோமாலியா ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????? 637,657 9,832,017 600 30
?????????????? [49] ( Republic of South Africa ) தென்னாப்பிரிக்கா ???????????? (?????)
??????????????? (????)
???? ????? (???? ???)
????????????? ?????? ???????????? , ???????? , ?????? ???????? , ?????? ???? , ???? , ?????? , ???????? , ???????? , ?????? , ???? , ???? 1,221,037 47,432,000 12,161 48
?????? [50] ( Republic of Sudan ) சூடான் ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? , ???????? 2,505,813 36,992,490 2,522 12
???????????? [51] ( Kingdom of Swaziland ) சுவாசிலாந்து ???????? (??????? ??????? ???? ???)
?????? (????? ???????) 		?????????? ???????? , ?????? 17,364 1,032,000 5,245 50
?????????? [52] ( United Republic of Tanzania ) தன்சானியா ?????? Tanzanian shilling ???????? , ???????? 945,087 37,849,133 723 39
???? [53] ( Togolese Republic ) டோகோ ???? ?????? ?????????? CFA ???????? ???????? 56,785 6,100,000 1,700 23
???????? [54] ( Tunisian Republic ) தூனிசியா ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? 163,610 10,102,000 8,800 3
??????? [55] ( Republic of Uganda ) உகாண்டா ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? , ???????? 236,040 27,616,000 1,700 35
?????? ????? ( Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic ) [n 7] மேற்கு சகாரா ??? ????? (????????), ???? ???? (????????) [n 8] ??????? ???????? N/A. [n 9] 267,405 266,000 N/A 7
???????? [56] ( Republic of Zambia ) சாம்பியா ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? , ???????? 752,614 14,668,000 931 41
?????????? [57] ( Republic of Zimbabwe ) சிம்பாப்வே ????? ??????????? ????? ???? , ???????? , ???????? 390,757 13,010,000 2,607 47

??????????? [ ???? ]

  1. ↑ Sayre, April Pulley. (1999) Africa , Twenty-First Century Books. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-7613-1367-2 .
  2. ↑ "World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision" ????????????? 2011-05-11 at the ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? (Department of Economic and Social Affairs, population division)
  3. ↑ "The World Factbook: Algeria" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2012-09-30 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  4. ↑ "The World Factbook: Angola" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-05-06 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  5. ↑ "The World Factbook: Benin" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-09-18 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  6. ↑ "The World Factbook: Botswana" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-10-15 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  7. ↑ "The World Factbook: Burkina Faso" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2019-09-06 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  8. ↑ "The World Factbook: Burundi" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-01-28 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  9. ↑ "The World Factbook: Cameroon" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-05-15 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "The World Factbook: Spain" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-16. Archived from the original on 2009-05-19 . ????????????? ???? 2008-05-16 .
  11. ↑ "The World Factbook: Cape Verde" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  12. ↑ gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ct.html "The World Factbook: Central African Republic" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Check |url= value ( help )
  13. ↑ "The World Factbook: Chad" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2013-04-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  14. ↑ "The World Factbook: Comoros" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  15. ↑ "The World Factbook: Cote d'Ivoire" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  16. ↑ "The World Factbook: Congo, Democratic Republic of the" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  17. ↑ "The World Factbook: Djibouti" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-05-04 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  18. ↑ "The World Factbook: Egypt" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  19. ↑ "The World Factbook: Equatorial Guinea" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  20. ↑ "The World Factbook: Eritrea" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-05-15 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  21. ↑ "The World Factbook: Ethiopia" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  22. ↑ "The World Factbook: Gabon" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2008-12-10 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  23. ↑ "The World Factbook: Gambia, The" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-04-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  24. ↑ "The World Factbook: Ghana" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-30 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  25. ↑ "The World Factbook: Guinea" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-09-19 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  26. ↑ "The World Factbook: Guinea-Bissau" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2010-12-28 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  27. ↑ "The World Factbook: Kenya" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  28. ↑ "The World Factbook: Lesotho" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2007-06-12 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  29. ↑ "The World Factbook: Liberia" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  30. ↑ "The World Factbook: Libya" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2016-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  31. ↑ "The World Factbook: Madagascar" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2011-08-25 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 "The World Factbook: Mali" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-11-10 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  33. ↑ "The World Factbook: Mauritania" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  34. ↑ "The World Factbook: Mauritius" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  35. ↑ "The World Factbook: Mayotte" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2012-09-21 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  36. ↑ "The World Factbook: Morocco" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  37. ↑ "The World Factbook: Mozambique" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  38. ↑ "The World Factbook: Namibia" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-04-23 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  39. ↑ "The World Factbook: Niger" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-04-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  40. ↑ "The World Factbook: Nigeria" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  41. ↑ "The World Factbook: Congo, Republic of the" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  42. ↑ "The World Factbook: Rwanda" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  43. ↑ "The World Factbook: Saint Helena" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2010-12-28 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  44. ↑ "The World Factbook: Sao Tome and Principe" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-09-18 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  45. ↑ "The World Factbook: Senegal" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  46. ↑ "The World Factbook: Seychelles" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-26 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  47. ↑ "The World Factbook: Sierra Leone" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-10-16 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  48. ↑ "The World Factbook: Somalia" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2016-07-01 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  49. ↑ "The World Factbook: South Africa" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-06-21 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  50. ↑ "The World Factbook: Sudan" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2019-02-05 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  51. ↑ "The World Factbook: Swaziland" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  52. ↑ "The World Factbook: Tanzania" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-11-27 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  53. ↑ "The World Factbook: Togo" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-08-31 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  54. ↑ "The World Factbook: Tunisia" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2012-10-16 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  55. ↑ "The World Factbook: Uganda" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2015-10-18 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 . {{ cite web }} : Unknown parameter |= ignored ( help )
  56. ↑ "The World Factbook: Zambia" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-04-24 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .
  57. ↑ "The World Factbook: Zimbabwe" . CIA Directorate of Intelligence. 2008-05-15. Archived from the original on 2020-04-16 . ????????????? ???? 2008-06-12 .

??????????? [ ???? ]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 ??????????????? ??????????? ?????
  2. ↑ ??????-???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????????.
  3. ↑ ??? ???????? f ????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????? .
  4. ↑ ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ?????.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 ?????????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????????????? .
  6. ↑ ??????-?????????? ?????? ???????????.
  7. ↑ ????????? ???????????? ??????????????.
  8. ↑ ???????? ???????????? ????????? ??????. ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????.
  9. ↑ ???? ??????? ???????????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????.


" https://ta.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=??????????_?????????_????????&oldid=3542680 " ????????? ?????????????????