1996 ??? ????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????. ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????? 1839 ??? ????? ?????????????? ??????????????. ^[1] ??????????? ??? ????????????? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ^[2] . ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????. ????? 1881 ??? ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????????????. ????????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???????????? ^{[3] [4]} . ???????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? 1890 ?? ??? ?????????????? ??????????????? ^[5] . 1850 ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ?????????????????? ^[6] . ???? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? 1910 ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ^[7] .

??????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????.???? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????????????? ^[8] .1887 ??? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????, ??? ??????????????? ????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ^[9] . ???????? ??????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????, ????? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????????. ????????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ??????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ?????????????. ???????????? ????????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ????????. ^[5] ????????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????, ??????????????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ???????, ??????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ^[10]

1888 ??? ????? ????? ^[11] ????????????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???????????. ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????? ???????????????? ????????????. ??????????????? ????????. ?????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????????????. ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????? ^[5] ??????? ????? ?????????????????? ??????????????????? ??????? ????????. ????????? ??????? ??????? 1905 ??? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????????? ^[12] .

????????? , ????????? , ?????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????, ?????????? ?????????? ???????????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????????, ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????, ????????????????, ????????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ??? ???????????. ??????? ????? ????????, ????? ???????????????, ????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????. ??????? ???????????? ???????? ?????????. ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????. ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????.

?????? ????????? ????????????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????, ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????. ?????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????. ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????? (Process Engineer) ?? ??????????????? ???????? ????????. ???????????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ??????, ???????????????? ????????, ????????????? ??????????, ??????? ???????? ???? ???????????????? ???? ????????. ?????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????????????. ??????? ???????????????? ????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????.

??????????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????????. ??????? (????) ??????????, ???? ????????????????, ?? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????, ???????? , ??????? ?????? (ceramic) ???????? ??????????? ??????????, ??????????? ???????? ????????? ????????????, ????? ???????????????, ???????????? ???????, ?????????????????, ??????????????, ??????? ????????? (??????????), ?????????????? ?????????, ???????????? (????????), ??????????, ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ???????.

?????????????, ?????? ??????????????? ???????????????????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????????. ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????????????????????? ?????????????. ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????????.

??????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????

• ?????????? ?????????? (Mass Transfer)
• ??????? ?????????? (Heat Transfer)
• ????? ?????????? (Fluid Mechanics)
• ??????????????? ????? ????????? (Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics)
• ?????????? ????????? (Chemical Reaction Engineering)
• ???????????? ??????????? (Transport Phenomenon)
• ?????? ?????????? (Equipment Design)
• ??????????? ????????? (Process Control)

• ??????????? ?????????
• ?????????????

• Kister, Henry Z. (1992). Distillation Design (1st Edition?ed.). McGraw-Hill. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-07-034909-6 . {{ cite book }} : |edition= has extra text ( help )
• Green, Don W. and Perry, Robert H. (deceased) (1997). Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (7th Edition?ed.). McGraw-Hill. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-07-049841-5 . {{ cite book }} : |edition= has extra text ( help ) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link )
• Bird, R.B., Stewart, W.E. and Lightfoot, E.N. (August 2001). Transport Phenomena (Second Edition?ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-471-41077-2 . {{ cite book }} : |edition= has extra text ( help ) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link )
• McCabe, W., Smith, J. and Harriott, P. (2004). Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (7th Edition?ed.). McGraw Hill. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-07-284823-5 . {{ cite book }} : |edition= has extra text ( help ) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link )
• Seader, J. D., and Henley, Ernest J. (1998). Separation Process Principles . New York: Wiley. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-471-58626-9 . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link )
• Chopey, Nicholas P. (2004). Handbook of Chemical Engineering Calculations (3rdEdition?ed.). McGraw-Hill. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0071362622 .
• Himmelbau, David M. (1996). Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering (6th Edition?ed.). Prentice-Hall. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0133057984 . {{ cite book }} : |edition= has extra text ( help )
• Editors: Jacqueline I. Kroschwitz and Arza Seidel (2004). Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (5th Edition?ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-471-48810-0 . {{ cite book }} : |author= has generic name ( help ) ; |edition= has extra text ( help )
• King, C.J. (1980). Separation Processes . McGraw Hill. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-07-034612-7 . {{ cite book }} : Text "2nd Edition" ignored ( help )
• Coulson J. M.?; Richardson J. F.?; Backhurst J. R.?; Harker J. H. (1991). Chemical engineering. Volume 2?: Particle technology and separation processes . Pergamon Press - New York. xxvi+968pp. {{ cite book }} : Text "2nd Edition" ignored ( help ) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link )
• Octave Levenspiel: The Chemical Reactor Omnibook, Osu, Oregon, 1993

• ????????? ???????????????)
• ??????????????? ???????